{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134596872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2021.3059200","title":"Cooperative Adaptive Model-Free Control With Model-Free Estimation and Online Gain Tuning","display_name":"Cooperative Adaptive Model-Free Control With Model-Free Estimation and Online Gain Tuning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134596872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2021.3059200","mag":"3134596872","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33710970"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcyb.2021.3059200","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2021.3059200","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191041","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","issn_l":"2168-2267","issn":["2168-2267","2168-2275"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032544363","display_name":"Ali Safaei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7882-1998"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ali Safaei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032544363"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5281,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82925305,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"9","first_page":"8642","last_page":"8654"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11347","display_name":"Neural Networks Stability and Synchronization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10482","display_name":"Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6669526100158691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6538481712341309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.5257980227470398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.5245792269706726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.5201035737991333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-agent-system","display_name":"Multi-agent system","score":0.4849117398262024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observer","display_name":"Observer (physics)","score":0.47149890661239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-control","display_name":"Adaptive control","score":0.4516512453556061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spanning-tree","display_name":"Spanning tree","score":0.4441395401954651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4337376356124878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.35179412364959717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.3033759593963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22142437100410461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.173177570104599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16341102123260498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.13338983058929443}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6669526100158691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6538481712341309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.5257980227470398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5245792269706726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.5201035737991333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41550386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529909","display_name":"Multi-agent system","level":2,"score":0.4849117398262024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780704645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9251458","display_name":"Observer (physics)","level":2,"score":0.47149890661239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107464732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235781","display_name":"Adaptive control","level":3,"score":0.4516512453556061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64331007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831672","display_name":"Spanning tree","level":2,"score":0.4441395401954651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4337376356124878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.35179412364959717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3033759593963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22142437100410461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.173177570104599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16341102123260498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.13338983058929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcyb.2021.3059200","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2021.3059200","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191041","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","issn_l":"2168-2267","issn":["2168-2267","2168-2275"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33710970","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33710970","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on cybernetics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322675","display_name":"Mitacs","ror":"https://ror.org/00cjrc276"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W601351931","https://openalex.org/W851745253","https://openalex.org/W1508718255","https://openalex.org/W1512235915","https://openalex.org/W1991222255","https://openalex.org/W1995276467","https://openalex.org/W1998235755","https://openalex.org/W2017197130","https://openalex.org/W2019375098","https://openalex.org/W2033088576","https://openalex.org/W2105850748","https://openalex.org/W2117516628","https://openalex.org/W2160725977","https://openalex.org/W2300948851","https://openalex.org/W2318471083","https://openalex.org/W2331709302","https://openalex.org/W2336888920","https://openalex.org/W2338588725","https://openalex.org/W2344252038","https://openalex.org/W2345043448","https://openalex.org/W2346012021","https://openalex.org/W2403192338","https://openalex.org/W2478654971","https://openalex.org/W2483871902","https://openalex.org/W2514050012","https://openalex.org/W2518033766","https://openalex.org/W2519296316","https://openalex.org/W2523356919","https://openalex.org/W2559258875","https://openalex.org/W2576168630","https://openalex.org/W2583742612","https://openalex.org/W2587159109","https://openalex.org/W2588379552","https://openalex.org/W2620302081","https://openalex.org/W2621714194","https://openalex.org/W2740962288","https://openalex.org/W2749189037","https://openalex.org/W2761646724","https://openalex.org/W2762304185","https://openalex.org/W2764217749","https://openalex.org/W2765454702","https://openalex.org/W2783249965","https://openalex.org/W2790957792","https://openalex.org/W2794216754","https://openalex.org/W2802308826","https://openalex.org/W2809115421","https://openalex.org/W2883658695","https://openalex.org/W2888086474","https://openalex.org/W2895319606","https://openalex.org/W2897975793","https://openalex.org/W2898973150","https://openalex.org/W2904341308","https://openalex.org/W2918619850","https://openalex.org/W2923300881","https://openalex.org/W2972090218","https://openalex.org/W3044038295","https://openalex.org/W3102385017","https://openalex.org/W4241879758","https://openalex.org/W4249560056"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2374925474","https://openalex.org/W3192036299","https://openalex.org/W2972623885","https://openalex.org/W2073397884","https://openalex.org/W4389325756","https://openalex.org/W2099915933","https://openalex.org/W2149927264","https://openalex.org/W315249011","https://openalex.org/W2146428417","https://openalex.org/W3176458675"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"article,":[2],"a":[3,17,95,121,198],"distributed":[4,114,161],"adaptive":[5,40],"model-free":[6,162],"control":[7,67,139,163,167,196],"algorithm":[8,155],"is":[9,36,117,128,182,191],"proposed":[10,113,137,154,189],"for":[11,42,130],"consensus":[12,180],"and":[13,48,51,133,140],"formation-tracking":[14,195],"problems":[15],"in":[16,33,38,52,59,72,94,156,193],"network":[18,35,74],"of":[19,29,44,56,80,91,102,135,152,179,187,197,200],"agents":[20,93],"with":[21,158],"completely":[22],"unknown":[23,46],"nonlinear":[24,49],"dynamic":[25],"systems.":[26],"The":[27,65],"specification":[28],"the":[30,34,39,45,53,57,60,73,78,81,87,92,125,131,136,150,153,176,185,188,194],"communication":[31],"graph":[32],"incorporated":[37],"laws":[41],"estimation":[43],"linear":[47],"terms,":[50],"online":[54],"updating":[55],"elements":[58],"main":[61],"controller":[62],"gain":[63,174],"matrix.":[64],"decentralized":[66],"signal":[68],"at":[69,106,124],"each":[70,107],"agent":[71,108,127],"requires":[75],"information":[76],"about":[77],"states":[79],"leader":[82,126],"agent,":[83],"as":[84,86,169,171],"well":[85,170],"desired":[88],"formation":[89],"variables":[90,103],"local":[96],"coordinate":[97],"frame.":[98],"These":[99],"two":[100,111,159],"sets":[101],"are":[104,146],"provided":[105,147],"by":[109],"utilizing":[110],"recently":[112],"observers.":[115],"It":[116],"shown":[118],"that":[119],"only":[120],"spanning-tree":[122],"rooted":[123],"enough":[129],"convergence":[132],"stability":[134],"cooperative":[138],"observer":[141],"algorithms.":[142,164],"Two":[143],"simulation":[144,206],"studies":[145],"to":[148],"evaluate":[149],"performance":[151],"comparison":[157],"state-of-the-art":[160],"With":[165],"lower":[166],"effort":[168],"fewer":[172],"offline":[173],"tuning,":[175],"same":[177],"level":[178],"errors":[181],"achieved.":[183],"Finally,":[184],"application":[186],"solution":[190],"studied":[192],"team":[199],"autonomous":[201],"aerial":[202],"mobile":[203],"robots":[204],"via":[205],"results.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}