{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3112772891","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2020.3035909","title":"A Differential Evolution-Based Consistency Improvement Method in AHP With an Optimal Allocation of Information Granularity","display_name":"A Differential Evolution-Based Consistency Improvement Method in AHP With an Optimal Allocation of Information Granularity","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3112772891","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2020.3035909","mag":"3112772891","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33284775"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcyb.2020.3035909","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2020.3035909","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191041","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","issn_l":"2168-2267","issn":["2168-2267","2168-2275"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100385160","display_name":"Bowen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1184-8587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bowen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics and Management, Xidian University, Xi’an, China","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1184-8587","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics and Management, Xidian University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003799782","display_name":"Witold Pedrycz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9335-9930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185163786","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66083562","display_name":"Systems Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0111cp837","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66083562","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99542240","display_name":"Polish Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01dr6c206","country_code":"PL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}],"countries":["CA","PL","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Witold Pedrycz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada","Polish Academy of Sciences, Systems Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abgudulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9335-9930","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Polish Academy of Sciences, Systems Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66083562","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abgudulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002081285","display_name":"Aminah Robinson Fayek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3744-273X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aminah Robinson Fayek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3744-273X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050358854","display_name":"Yucheng Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0028-6796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yucheng Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0028-6796","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8654,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95442454,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"7","first_page":"6733","last_page":"6744"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13955","display_name":"Evaluation Methods in Various Fields","score":0.9448999762535095,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2302","display_name":"Ecological Modeling"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12709","display_name":"Optimization and Mathematical Programming","score":0.9434999823570251,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granularity","display_name":"Granularity","score":0.9008392095565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.7578696012496948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytic-hierarchy-process","display_name":"Analytic hierarchy process","score":0.7561942338943481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reciprocal","display_name":"Reciprocal","score":0.7262119650840759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pairwise-comparison","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","score":0.7149684429168701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.5808155536651611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5114449262619019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4812871813774109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.47237613797187805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4715847074985504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.429146409034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.38409489393234253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.16101261973381042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.13002058863639832}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177774035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1246948","display_name":"Granularity","level":2,"score":0.9008392095565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.7578696012496948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87345402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485202","display_name":"Analytic hierarchy process","level":2,"score":0.7561942338943481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777742833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1964083","display_name":"Reciprocal","level":2,"score":0.7262119650840759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184898388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435712","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","level":2,"score":0.7149684429168701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5808155536651611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5114449262619019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4812871813774109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.47237613797187805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4715847074985504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.429146409034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.38409489393234253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.16101261973381042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.13002058863639832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000083062","descriptor_name":"Analytic Hierarchy Process","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000083062","descriptor_name":"Analytic Hierarchy Process","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000083062","descriptor_name":"Analytic Hierarchy Process","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcyb.2020.3035909","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2020.3035909","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191041","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","issn_l":"2168-2267","issn":["2168-2267","2168-2275"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33284775","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33284775","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on cybernetics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.75}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1527858283","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019JQ650","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324173","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3491031325","display_name":"\u7fa4\u4f53\u51b3\u7b56\u4e2d\u504f\u597d\u6f14\u5316\u4e0e\u5173\u7cfb\u64cd\u7eb5\u6a21\u578b\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"71871149","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5388186994","display_name":"\u8d44\u6e90\u7ea6\u675f\u4e0b\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u6027\u7fa4\u4f53\u5171\u8bc6\u6a21\u578b\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"71901168","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319946","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324173","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326644","display_name":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1458841637","https://openalex.org/W1533674501","https://openalex.org/W1578249005","https://openalex.org/W1595159159","https://openalex.org/W1964560939","https://openalex.org/W1967631404","https://openalex.org/W1975078995","https://openalex.org/W1977942418","https://openalex.org/W1986686276","https://openalex.org/W1986719771","https://openalex.org/W1989944970","https://openalex.org/W1991654374","https://openalex.org/W2003579441","https://openalex.org/W2006218358","https://openalex.org/W2010674846","https://openalex.org/W2014042940","https://openalex.org/W2015238523","https://openalex.org/W2017370427","https://openalex.org/W2020407132","https://openalex.org/W2025447782","https://openalex.org/W2028571523","https://openalex.org/W2029278175","https://openalex.org/W2038767603","https://openalex.org/W2040274208","https://openalex.org/W2049353149","https://openalex.org/W2052366812","https://openalex.org/W2055892602","https://openalex.org/W2079153545","https://openalex.org/W2081304350","https://openalex.org/W2086793601","https://openalex.org/W2103508798","https://openalex.org/W2116080612","https://openalex.org/W2121347402","https://openalex.org/W2125047170","https://openalex.org/W2129476113","https://openalex.org/W2137340504","https://openalex.org/W2139188450","https://openalex.org/W2142518420","https://openalex.org/W2156194072","https://openalex.org/W2157797630","https://openalex.org/W2159322663","https://openalex.org/W2162848031","https://openalex.org/W2169974057","https://openalex.org/W2170729459","https://openalex.org/W2330396862","https://openalex.org/W2528876576","https://openalex.org/W2753383149","https://openalex.org/W2783728240","https://openalex.org/W2784194578","https://openalex.org/W2789182217","https://openalex.org/W2791971537","https://openalex.org/W2889184531","https://openalex.org/W2898546608","https://openalex.org/W2903709878","https://openalex.org/W2907273413","https://openalex.org/W2910766832","https://openalex.org/W2984747650","https://openalex.org/W3033055547"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2619886288","https://openalex.org/W2410864841","https://openalex.org/W380774767","https://openalex.org/W3134930408","https://openalex.org/W4389396049","https://openalex.org/W2395251459","https://openalex.org/W2029032313","https://openalex.org/W2028983668","https://openalex.org/W4315563560","https://openalex.org/W2128971439"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,6,13,19,31,40,47,50,70,110,123,127,132,144,147,162,178,181],"analytic":[2],"hierarchy":[3],"process":[4,116,140],"(AHP),":[5],"reciprocal":[7,51,128,164],"matrix":[8,41,82],"is":[9,42,102,141,156],"generated":[10],"based":[11],"on":[12,131],"pairwise":[14,84],"comparisons":[15],"completed":[16,175],"among":[17],"all":[18],"alternatives":[20],"or":[21],"attributes":[22],"under":[23],"consideration.":[24],"To":[25],"ensure":[26],"reliability":[27],"and":[28],"validity":[29],"of":[30,37,39,49,66,83,92,117,119,126,146,161,180],"decision":[32,148],"solution,":[33],"a":[34,58,77,88,115,170],"certain":[35],"modification":[36],"entries":[38,160],"usually":[43],"needed":[44],"to":[45,56,76,158,176],"improve":[46],"consistency":[48,59,111,138],"matrix.":[52,129,165],"This":[53,73],"study":[54],"aims":[55],"present":[57,96],"improvement":[60,139],"method":[61],"by":[62,104,113],"admitting":[63],"some":[64],"level":[65,91],"information":[67,93,120],"granularity":[68,99,121,134],"in":[69],"evaluation":[71],"process.":[72],"gives":[74],"rise":[75],"granular":[78],"rather":[79],"than":[80],"numeric":[81],"comparisons.":[85],"First,":[86],"with":[87,143,169],"given":[89],"average":[90],"granularity,":[94],"we":[95],"an":[97,136,151],"optimal":[98,133],"model":[100],"that":[101],"characterized":[103],"maximal":[105],"consistency.":[106],"One":[107],"can":[108],"maximize":[109],"degree":[112],"invoking":[114],"allocation":[118],"across":[122],"corresponding":[124],"modifications":[125],"Based":[130],"model,":[135],"interactive":[137],"presented":[142],"involvement":[145],"maker.":[149],"Then,":[150],"adaptive":[152],"differential":[153],"evolution":[154],"algorithm":[155],"applied":[157],"optimize":[159],"modified":[163],"Detailed":[166],"experiments":[167],"along":[168],"thorough":[171],"comparative":[172],"analysis":[173],"are":[174],"demonstrate":[177],"effectiveness":[179],"proposed":[182],"method.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}