{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2888169751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2018.2861568","title":"Spectral Learning Algorithm Reveals Propagation Capability of Complex Networks","display_name":"Spectral Learning Algorithm Reveals Propagation Capability of Complex Networks","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2888169751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2018.2861568","mag":"2888169751","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30137020"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcyb.2018.2861568","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2018.2861568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191041","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","issn_l":"2168-2267","issn":["2168-2267","2168-2275"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004363895","display_name":"Shuang Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3576-6914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100462649","display_name":"Pei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8149-756X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173899330","display_name":"Henan University","ror":"https://ror.org/003xyzq10","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173899330"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Applied Mathematics, Laboratory of Data Analysis Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8149-756X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Applied Mathematics, Laboratory of Data Analysis Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173899330"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100749934","display_name":"Chunxia Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1456-681X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun-Xia Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027725400","display_name":"Jinhu L\u00fc","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0275-8387"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinhu Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Machine Intelligence, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0275-8387","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Machine Intelligence, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1465,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.950174,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"12","first_page":"4253","last_page":"4261"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13283","display_name":"Mental Health Research Topics","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6611912846565247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.6362453699111938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6073389053344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5830320119857788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pagerank","display_name":"PageRank","score":0.5446575880050659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/belief-propagation","display_name":"Belief propagation","score":0.5151289701461792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-network","display_name":"Complex network","score":0.506215512752533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/a-priori-and-a-posteriori","display_name":"A priori and a posteriori","score":0.48625028133392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degree","display_name":"Degree (music)","score":0.470164030790329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.46892789006233215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4308384954929352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.41889768838882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.30981212854385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.2872231900691986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24165642261505127}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6611912846565247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6362453699111938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6073389053344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5830320119857788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779172887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184316","display_name":"PageRank","level":2,"score":0.5446575880050659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152948882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4060686","display_name":"Belief propagation","level":3,"score":0.5151289701461792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34947359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q665189","display_name":"Complex network","level":2,"score":0.506215512752533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75553542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178161","display_name":"A priori and a posteriori","level":2,"score":0.48625028133392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775997480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586277","display_name":"Degree (music)","level":2,"score":0.470164030790329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.46892789006233215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4308384954929352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.41889768838882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30981212854385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2872231900691986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24165642261505127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcyb.2018.2861568","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2018.2861568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191041","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","issn_l":"2168-2267","issn":["2168-2267","2168-2275"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30137020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30137020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on cybernetics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2247690355","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11671317","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3523307272","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61621003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4574658407","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed3\u6784\u8bc6\u522b\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u529b\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528","funder_award_id":"11472290","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5706247658","display_name":"\u6df7\u6c8c\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3001\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u4fdd\u5bc6\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528","funder_award_id":"61532020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7444543045","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFB0800401","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7564585257","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"yqpy20140049","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322878","funder_display_name":"Henan University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8746949038","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61773153","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322878","display_name":"Henan University","ror":"https://ror.org/003xyzq10"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1543136715","https://openalex.org/W1878853999","https://openalex.org/W1965549164","https://openalex.org/W1966286510","https://openalex.org/W1970913835","https://openalex.org/W1971941321","https://openalex.org/W1972106549","https://openalex.org/W1977382765","https://openalex.org/W1985451470","https://openalex.org/W1985514943","https://openalex.org/W1990657247","https://openalex.org/W1993673892","https://openalex.org/W1997735112","https://openalex.org/W1999653836","https://openalex.org/W2008620264","https://openalex.org/W2008735451","https://openalex.org/W2009660640","https://openalex.org/W2036120890","https://openalex.org/W2042123098","https://openalex.org/W2049607688","https://openalex.org/W2064643031","https://openalex.org/W2070704205","https://openalex.org/W2111094216","https://openalex.org/W2113146118","https://openalex.org/W2113330929","https://openalex.org/W2114060717","https://openalex.org/W2118640842","https://openalex.org/W2133131640","https://openalex.org/W2148606196","https://openalex.org/W2148606255","https://openalex.org/W2231268124","https://openalex.org/W2261717057","https://openalex.org/W2315196278","https://openalex.org/W2346012021","https://openalex.org/W2394930177","https://openalex.org/W2470757901","https://openalex.org/W2493103841","https://openalex.org/W2513517416","https://openalex.org/W2551956852","https://openalex.org/W2575421008","https://openalex.org/W2580848040","https://openalex.org/W2587812844","https://openalex.org/W2594770789","https://openalex.org/W2607802139","https://openalex.org/W2737346335","https://openalex.org/W2795130168","https://openalex.org/W2809308729","https://openalex.org/W2890344238","https://openalex.org/W2964164193","https://openalex.org/W3020049202","https://openalex.org/W3096151628","https://openalex.org/W3103657871","https://openalex.org/W3104219039","https://openalex.org/W4212863985","https://openalex.org/W6632479282"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2154222238","https://openalex.org/W2106626222","https://openalex.org/W2980866815","https://openalex.org/W1562405179","https://openalex.org/W2125493559","https://openalex.org/W1544909909","https://openalex.org/W2002053721","https://openalex.org/W2001641889","https://openalex.org/W2310552679","https://openalex.org/W2541484068"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"network":[1],"science":[2],"and":[3,10,39,59,167,179,184,217],"the":[4,16,35,71,78,84,99,109,120,149,153,158,171,174,193,196,200,203,210,213,222],"data":[5],"mining":[6],"field,":[7],"a":[8,22,69,90,116,123,133,137],"long-lasting":[9],"significant":[11],"task":[12],"is":[13,103,127,143,146],"to":[14,45,64,75,105,108,119,130],"predict":[15,77],"propagation":[17,80,101,215],"capability":[18,102,216],"of":[19,29,66,111,136,152,157,173,212,224],"nodes":[20],"in":[21,50,97,195,221,227],"complex":[23,228],"network.":[24,121],"Recently,":[25],"an":[26],"increasing":[27],"number":[28],"unsupervised":[30],"learning":[31],"algorithms,":[32,192],"such":[33],"as":[34,148],"prominent":[36],"PageRank":[37],"(PR)":[38],"LeaderRank":[40],"(LR),":[41],"have":[42,218],"been":[43],"developed":[44],"address":[46],"this":[47,54,87],"issue.":[48],"However,":[49],"degree":[51],"uncorrelated":[52],"networks,":[53,163],"paper":[55,88],"finds":[56],"that":[57],"PR":[58,183],"LR":[60],"are":[61],"actually":[62],"proportional":[63,107],"in-degree":[65],"nodes.":[67],"As":[68],"result,":[70],"two":[72],"algorithms":[73],"fail":[74],"accurately":[76],"nodes'":[79,100,214],"capability.":[81],"To":[82],"overcome":[83],"arising":[85],"drawback,":[86],"proposes":[89],"new":[91,207],"iterative":[92],"algorithm":[93,126],"called":[94],"SpectralRank":[95],"(SR),":[96],"which":[98,145],"assumed":[104],"be":[106],"amount":[110],"its":[112],"neighbors":[113],"after":[114],"adding":[115],"ground":[117],"node":[118,138],"Moreover,":[122],"weighted":[124,178],"SR":[125],"also":[128],"proposed":[129,154,204],"further":[131],"involve":[132],"priori":[134],"information":[135],"itself.":[139],"A":[140],"probabilistic":[141],"framework":[142],"established,":[144],"provided":[147],"theoretical":[150],"foundation":[151],"algorithms.":[155],"Simulations":[156],"susceptible-infected-removed":[159],"model":[160],"on":[161,209],"32":[162],"including":[164],"directed,":[165],"undirected,":[166],"binary":[168],"ones,":[169],"reveal":[170],"advantages":[172],"SR-family":[175,197],"methods":[176],"(i.e.,":[177],"unweighted":[180],"SR)":[181],"over":[182],"LR.":[185],"When":[186],"compared":[187],"with":[188],"other":[189],"11":[190],"well-known":[191],"indices":[194],"always":[198],"outperform":[199],"others.":[201],"Therefore,":[202],"measures":[205],"provide":[206],"insights":[208],"prediction":[211],"great":[219],"implications":[220],"control":[223],"spreading":[225],"behaviors":[226],"networks.":[229]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}