{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1993496968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2013.2286679","title":"Hierarchical Modularization Of Biochemical Pathways Using Fuzzy-C Means Clustering","display_name":"Hierarchical Modularization Of Biochemical Pathways Using Fuzzy-C Means Clustering","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1993496968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2013.2286679","mag":"1993496968","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24196983"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcyb.2013.2286679","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2013.2286679","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191041","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","issn_l":"2168-2267","issn":["2168-2267","2168-2275"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012552344","display_name":"Mar\u00eda Angels de Luis Balaguer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6272-7841"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maria A. de Luis Balaguer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","[Dept of Electrical & Computer Engg., North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept of Electrical & Computer Engg., North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001212028","display_name":"Cranos Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0477-9707"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cranos M. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","[Dept of Electrical & Computer Engg., North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept of Electrical & Computer Engg., North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012552344"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1697,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.772957,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"8","first_page":"1473","last_page":"1484"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10932","display_name":"Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10932","display_name":"Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10887","display_name":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","score":0.9864000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10621","display_name":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","score":0.9778000116348267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.6656986474990845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6192862391471863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-programming","display_name":"Modular programming","score":0.6004656553268433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.4902551472187042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-biology","display_name":"Systems biology","score":0.4255205988883972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-organization","display_name":"Hierarchical organization","score":0.4184279143810272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.41634514927864075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-control-system","display_name":"Hierarchical control system","score":0.41186630725860596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3555150628089905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.35316652059555054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3352171778678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.3308241367340088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.3080448806285858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.6656986474990845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6192862391471863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88482812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6453666","display_name":"Modular programming","level":2,"score":0.6004656553268433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.4902551472187042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152662350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815297","display_name":"Systems biology","level":2,"score":0.4255205988883972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780217385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2389284","display_name":"Hierarchical organization","level":2,"score":0.4184279143810272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.41634514927864075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124527596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17029359","display_name":"Hierarchical control system","level":3,"score":0.41186630725860596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3555150628089905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.35316652059555054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3352171778678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.3308241367340088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3080448806285858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010788","descriptor_name":"Photosynthesis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010788","descriptor_name":"Photosynthesis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010788","descriptor_name":"Photosynthesis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017143","descriptor_name":"Fuzzy Logic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017143","descriptor_name":"Fuzzy Logic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017143","descriptor_name":"Fuzzy Logic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020935","descriptor_name":"MAP Kinase Signaling System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020935","descriptor_name":"MAP Kinase Signaling System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020935","descriptor_name":"MAP Kinase Signaling System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049490","descriptor_name":"Systems Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049490","descriptor_name":"Systems Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049490","descriptor_name":"Systems Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053858","descriptor_name":"Metabolic Networks and Pathways","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053858","descriptor_name":"Metabolic Networks and Pathways","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053858","descriptor_name":"Metabolic Networks and Pathways","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062211","descriptor_name":"Spatio-Temporal Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062211","descriptor_name":"Spatio-Temporal Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062211","descriptor_name":"Spatio-Temporal Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcyb.2013.2286679","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2013.2286679","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191041","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","issn_l":"2168-2267","issn":["2168-2267","2168-2275"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:24196983","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24196983","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on cybernetics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1920776237","https://openalex.org/W1966327575","https://openalex.org/W1989119979","https://openalex.org/W2014382043","https://openalex.org/W2018045523","https://openalex.org/W2023971898","https://openalex.org/W2026299519","https://openalex.org/W2032318118","https://openalex.org/W2038398800","https://openalex.org/W2060705109","https://openalex.org/W2061708588","https://openalex.org/W2064263567","https://openalex.org/W2071928210","https://openalex.org/W2075161553","https://openalex.org/W2084202592","https://openalex.org/W2091507629","https://openalex.org/W2094901983","https://openalex.org/W2104586286","https://openalex.org/W2114124738","https://openalex.org/W2117059686","https://openalex.org/W2119446631","https://openalex.org/W2143435210","https://openalex.org/W2147096312","https://openalex.org/W2152727073","https://openalex.org/W2153206234","https://openalex.org/W2154354945","https://openalex.org/W2159230174","https://openalex.org/W2165533158","https://openalex.org/W2169747954","https://openalex.org/W6640015483"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393528751","https://openalex.org/W2907076776","https://openalex.org/W2436132804","https://openalex.org/W2413364108","https://openalex.org/W1984236851","https://openalex.org/W2899379759","https://openalex.org/W3045702928","https://openalex.org/W2686470613","https://openalex.org/W2167940021","https://openalex.org/W1880526535"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Biological":[0],"systems":[1,20],"that":[2,17,46,89,107,116,141,199,212,217],"are":[3,108,121,200],"representative":[4],"of":[5,40,51,83,86,145,161,173],"regulatory,":[6],"metabolic,":[7],"or":[8,66],"signaling":[9],"pathways":[10,88],"can":[11,29,151],"be":[12],"highly":[13],"complex.":[14],"Mathematical":[15],"models":[16,28,85],"describe":[18],"such":[19],"inherit":[21],"this":[22,72],"complexity.":[23],"As":[24,170],"a":[25,34,48,76,139,171],"result,":[26],"these":[27,41],"often":[30],"fail":[31],"to":[32,62,78,123,154,165,179,188,223],"provide":[33],"path":[35],"toward":[36],"the":[37,52,60,111,143,146,156,162,177,180,189],"intuitive":[38],"comprehension":[39],"systems.":[42],"More":[43],"coarse":[44],"information":[45],"allows":[47],"perceptive":[49],"insight":[50],"system":[53,163],"is":[54],"sometimes":[55],"needed":[56],"in":[57,91,110,138,201],"combination":[58],"with":[59,203],"model":[61],"understand":[63,155],"control":[64],"hierarchies":[65],"lower":[67],"level":[68,158],"functional":[69,93,159],"relationships.":[70,101],"In":[71],"paper,":[73],"we":[74,175],"present":[75,109],"method":[77,140],"identify":[79,118,127,194,209],"relationships":[80,98,104,120,129,147,196,211],"between":[81,130],"components":[82,131,198,216],"dynamic":[84],"biochemical":[87],"reside":[90],"different":[92],"groups.":[94],"We":[95,125,193],"find":[96],"primary":[97,119,195],"and":[99,164,187,208],"secondary":[100,103,210],"The":[102],"reveal":[105],"connections":[106,214],"system,":[112],"which":[113,150],"current":[114,218],"techniques":[115],"only":[117],"unable":[122,222],"show.":[124],"also":[126],"how":[128],"dynamically":[132],"change":[133],"over":[134],"time.":[135],"This":[136],"results":[137],"provides":[142],"hierarchy":[144],"among":[148,197,215],"components,":[149],"help":[152],"us":[153],"low":[157],"structure":[160],"elucidate":[166],"potential":[167],"hierarchical":[168],"control.":[169],"proof":[172],"concept,":[174],"apply":[176],"algorithm":[178],"epidermal":[181],"growth":[182],"factor":[183],"signal":[184],"transduction":[185],"pathway,":[186],"C3":[190],"photosynthesis":[191],"pathway.":[192],"agreement":[202],"previous":[204],"computational":[205,219],"decomposition":[206],"studies,":[207],"uncover":[213],"approaches":[220],"were":[221],"reveal.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
