{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409683215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2025.3563402","title":"Landmark and Pose Prediction in Occluded Facial Point Cloud via Explicit Joint Feature Fusion Network","display_name":"Landmark and Pose Prediction in Occluded Facial Point Cloud via Explicit Joint Feature Fusion Network","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409683215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2025.3563402"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2025.3563402","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2025.3563402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100938133","display_name":"Yifei Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yifei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085936638","display_name":"Jingfan Fan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingfan Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109542291","display_name":"Long Shao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9911-3309"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070532199","display_name":"Mingyang Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5176-7090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingyang Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053723268","display_name":"Tianyu Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9808-960X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianyu Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012390446","display_name":"Danni Ai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2285-0570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danni Ai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012191915","display_name":"Deqiang Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7478-1394"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deqiang Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100769854","display_name":"Hong Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","School of Computer Science & Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science & Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066874145","display_name":"Yucong Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9039-0318"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yucong Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100643476","display_name":"Jian Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1250-6319"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100938133"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2181,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78122302,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"10","first_page":"10148","last_page":"10161"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9634000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9438999891281128,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landmark","display_name":"Landmark","score":0.8602094650268555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.744824230670929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.67146235704422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6480492353439331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.6471379995346069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.5495091080665588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.502363920211792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.48893895745277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.47339141368865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pose","display_name":"Pose","score":0.4683838188648224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4162790775299072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08425286412239075}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780297707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4895393","display_name":"Landmark","level":2,"score":0.8602094650268555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.744824230670929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.67146235704422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6480492353439331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.6471379995346069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.5495091080665588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.502363920211792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.48893895745277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.47339141368865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52102323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671968","display_name":"Pose","level":2,"score":0.4683838188648224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4162790775299072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08425286412239075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2025.3563402","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2025.3563402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G27375415","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023YFC2415300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5002635840","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024M754100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5969536149","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62422102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6437410822","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62302042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8903378341","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62025104","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1566413196","https://openalex.org/W1819285909","https://openalex.org/W1912922506","https://openalex.org/W1974744233","https://openalex.org/W2003931381","https://openalex.org/W2087642411","https://openalex.org/W2134301144","https://openalex.org/W2137659841","https://openalex.org/W2207409364","https://openalex.org/W2496123410","https://openalex.org/W2555618208","https://openalex.org/W2606980007","https://openalex.org/W2738393865","https://openalex.org/W2889631658","https://openalex.org/W2913720370","https://openalex.org/W2963727135","https://openalex.org/W3020181482","https://openalex.org/W3038433966","https://openalex.org/W3085077054","https://openalex.org/W3108041042","https://openalex.org/W3109427664","https://openalex.org/W3117658046","https://openalex.org/W3118281159","https://openalex.org/W3126225337","https://openalex.org/W3163945288","https://openalex.org/W3171433839","https://openalex.org/W3183190751","https://openalex.org/W3203191940","https://openalex.org/W4200164313","https://openalex.org/W4283821280","https://openalex.org/W4292840321","https://openalex.org/W4308080471","https://openalex.org/W4308233968","https://openalex.org/W4312495760","https://openalex.org/W4313458637","https://openalex.org/W4366308854","https://openalex.org/W4379116955","https://openalex.org/W4391067592","https://openalex.org/W4391323824","https://openalex.org/W4391324012","https://openalex.org/W4392563627","https://openalex.org/W4401536804","https://openalex.org/W4405905242"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2056853153","https://openalex.org/W2057559274","https://openalex.org/W2026924879","https://openalex.org/W2005087563","https://openalex.org/W2378111931","https://openalex.org/W2052388267","https://openalex.org/W2950647290","https://openalex.org/W2620829895","https://openalex.org/W2356918560","https://openalex.org/W4320086129"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Facial":[0],"point":[1,67],"clouds":[2],"collected":[3],"in":[4,199],"practical":[5,200],"applications":[6],"often":[7],"suffer":[8],"from":[9,32,65],"pose":[10,20,135,177],"variations":[11],"and":[12,94,110,134,146,161,175,180,187],"occlusion.":[13],"Existing":[14],"studies":[15],"typically":[16],"focus":[17],"on":[18,74,103,157,170,182,192],"either":[19],"estimation":[21,178],"or":[22],"landmarks":[23,142,164],"localization,":[24],"neglecting":[25],"to":[26,69,107],"fully":[27],"utilize":[28],"the":[29,38,57,66,70,75,87,171,176],"effective":[30],"information":[31],"various":[33],"facial":[34,49,91],"features,":[35],"thus":[36],"limiting":[37],"improvement":[39],"of":[40,59,90],"prediction":[41,51,89,113],"accuracy.":[42],"Therefore,":[43],"we":[44,128],"propose":[45],"an":[46],"innovative":[47],"3D":[48,131],"multi-task":[50,83,112],"network.":[52],"The":[53,149,163,190],"proposed":[54,150],"network":[55],"embeds":[56],"output":[58],"related":[60],"tasks":[61,124],"into":[62],"feature":[63],"extraction":[64],"level":[68,72],"global":[71],"based":[73,102],"physical":[76],"dependencies":[77],"between":[78],"tasks.":[79],"This":[80],"facilitates":[81],"explicit":[82],"knowledge":[84,105],"transfer,":[85],"enabling":[86],"simultaneous":[88],"landmarks,":[92,132],"occlusion,":[93],"head":[95,147],"pose.":[96,148],"We":[97],"introduce":[98],"a":[99,130],"training":[100],"strategy":[101],"posterior":[104],"correction":[106],"iteratively":[108],"refine":[109],"improve":[111],"results.":[114],"Moreover,":[115],"no":[116],"single":[117],"dataset":[118],"provides":[119],"annotations":[120,140],"for":[121,141],"all":[122],"these":[123],"at":[125],"once,":[126],"so":[127],"synthesized":[129],"occlusion":[133,144],"(3D-LOP)":[136],"dataset,":[137],"which":[138],"includes":[139],"coordinates,":[143],"probability,":[145],"method":[151],"was":[152],"compared":[153],"with":[154],"state-of-the-art":[155],"methods":[156],"two":[158,172],"public":[159,173],"datasets":[160],"3D-LOP.":[162],"localization":[165],"accuracy":[166,179],"improved":[167,184],"by":[168,185],"7.1%":[169],"datasets,":[174],"stability":[181],"3D-LOP":[183],"28.5%":[186],"32.7%,":[188],"respectively.":[189],"performance":[191],"wild":[193],"data":[194],"also":[195],"shows":[196],"its":[197],"potential":[198],"applications.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}