{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400810033","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3430904","title":"PTM: Torus Masking for 3D Representation Learning Guided by Robust and Trusted Teachers","display_name":"PTM: Torus Masking for 3D Representation Learning Guided by Robust and Trusted Teachers","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400810033","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3430904"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3430904","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3430904","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102741029","display_name":"Haozhe Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8723-9924"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haozhe Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8723-9924","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068185614","display_name":"Jihua Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3081-8781"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jihua Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3081-8781","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021667050","display_name":"Naiwen Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2048-3375"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naiwen Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2048-3375","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039960801","display_name":"Jinqian Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6295-7850"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinqian Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6295-7850","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103790920","display_name":"W. C. Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9884-9923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenbiao Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9884-9923","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9573,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87598534,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"12","first_page":"12158","last_page":"12170"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9200000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9200000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.904699981212616,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6468766331672668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torus","display_name":"Torus","score":0.5967762470245361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/masking","display_name":"Masking (illustration)","score":0.5943843126296997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5489934682846069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41254982352256775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.334200382232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.252602219581604}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6468766331672668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9767117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12510","display_name":"Torus","level":2,"score":0.5967762470245361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777402240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6783436","display_name":"Masking (illustration)","level":2,"score":0.5943843126296997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5489934682846069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41254982352256775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.334200382232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.252602219581604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3430904","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3430904","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3586343731","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021GY-025","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7946923305","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021GXLH-Z-097","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1821462560","https://openalex.org/W1920022804","https://openalex.org/W2111051539","https://openalex.org/W2117079761","https://openalex.org/W2460657278","https://openalex.org/W2594519801","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2963125977","https://openalex.org/W2979750740","https://openalex.org/W2981440248","https://openalex.org/W2991216808","https://openalex.org/W2997006708","https://openalex.org/W3035534438","https://openalex.org/W3109154950","https://openalex.org/W3156957502","https://openalex.org/W3177330511","https://openalex.org/W3184000328","https://openalex.org/W3202611145","https://openalex.org/W4214624153","https://openalex.org/W4224926219","https://openalex.org/W4226177518","https://openalex.org/W4226426325","https://openalex.org/W4301347335","https://openalex.org/W4312270234","https://openalex.org/W4312317653","https://openalex.org/W4312788538","https://openalex.org/W4312818263","https://openalex.org/W4312980726","https://openalex.org/W4313023122","https://openalex.org/W4313156423","https://openalex.org/W4313177625","https://openalex.org/W4323022360","https://openalex.org/W4368232633","https://openalex.org/W4379984420","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4385768219","https://openalex.org/W4386075705","https://openalex.org/W4387436633","https://openalex.org/W4388840941","https://openalex.org/W4390872570","https://openalex.org/W4390874324","https://openalex.org/W4393150390","https://openalex.org/W4402727764","https://openalex.org/W6687484953","https://openalex.org/W6730042731","https://openalex.org/W6739778489","https://openalex.org/W6752745768","https://openalex.org/W6763422710","https://openalex.org/W6769906912","https://openalex.org/W6778883912","https://openalex.org/W6791353385","https://openalex.org/W6810249204","https://openalex.org/W6839294089","https://openalex.org/W6839446344","https://openalex.org/W6841095953","https://openalex.org/W6843355076","https://openalex.org/W6847873191","https://openalex.org/W6849622024","https://openalex.org/W6852330680","https://openalex.org/W6852441499","https://openalex.org/W6852542798","https://openalex.org/W6854056412"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2167530280","https://openalex.org/W3124916295","https://openalex.org/W2022411416","https://openalex.org/W2146447767","https://openalex.org/W1487790116","https://openalex.org/W3197597876","https://openalex.org/W4248544590","https://openalex.org/W1529020016","https://openalex.org/W4381247976","https://openalex.org/W2038335296"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"3D":[0,70,159],"Masked":[1],"Point":[2],"Modeling":[3],"(MPM)":[4],"typically":[5],"involves":[6],"randomly":[7],"or":[8,12],"blockly":[9],"discarding":[10],"points":[11],"patches":[13],"and":[14,175],"then":[15],"reconstructing":[16],"them,":[17],"offering":[18],"a":[19,67,74,79,89,117,139],"promising":[20],"avenue":[21],"for":[22,121],"exploring":[23],"geometric":[24],"representation.":[25,160],"By":[26],"surveying":[27],"current":[28],"masking":[29,76],"strategies,":[30],"we":[31,64,142],"have":[32],"found":[33],"that":[34],"random-masked":[35],"regions":[36,51],"are":[37],"provided":[38],"with":[39],"excessive":[40],"context,":[41],"reducing":[42],"modeling":[43,102],"difficulty":[44],"but":[45],"impeding":[46],"knowledge":[47],"transfer.":[48],"While,":[49],"block-masked":[50],"lack":[52],"sufficient":[53],"guidance,":[54],"resulting":[55],"in":[56,170],"significant":[57],"generated":[58],"noise.":[59],"To":[60,99],"address":[61],"these":[62],"issues,":[63],"propose":[65],"PTM,":[66],"novel":[68],"Transformer-style":[69],"MPM":[71],"method":[72],"employing":[73],"torus":[75,90,101],"strategy.":[77],"Specifically,":[78],"high-density":[80],"area":[81],"is":[82],"chosen":[83],"as":[84,135],"the":[85,96,104,125,131,152,165],"masked":[86],"region,":[87],"forming":[88],"by":[91,150],"retaining":[92],"small-radius":[93],"neighborhoods":[94],"around":[95],"center":[97],"point.":[98],"mitigate":[100],"noise,":[103],"designed":[105],"robust":[106],"teacher":[107,128],"model":[108,129],"captures":[109],"density":[110],"scale":[111],"to":[112,147,158],"construct":[113],"noise":[114],"embedding,":[115],"utilizing":[116],"reverse":[118],"fit":[119],"function":[120],"reconstruction":[122,149],"assistance.":[123],"Furthermore,":[124],"proposed":[126],"trusted":[127,145],"defines":[130],"multi-modal":[132],"global":[133],"descriptor":[134],"subjective":[136,156],"evidence.":[137],"On":[138],"semantic":[140],"level,":[141],"form":[143],"semi-subjective":[144],"evidence":[146,157],"guide":[148],"evaluating":[151],"contribution":[153],"of":[154,168],"each":[155],"Downstream":[161],"fine-tuning":[162],"tasks":[163],"validate":[164],"state-of-the-art":[166],"performance":[167],"PTM":[169],"multi-scale":[171],"point":[172],"cloud":[173],"classification":[174],"segmentation.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-18T07:39:51.176621","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
