{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394586222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3386021","title":"A New Benchmark and Low Computational Cost Localization Method for Cephalometric Analysis","display_name":"A New Benchmark and Low Computational Cost Localization Method for Cephalometric Analysis","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394586222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3386021"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3386021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3386021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088818266","display_name":"Xianglong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8559-2791"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianglong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8559-2791","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062640176","display_name":"Eric Rigall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0882-814X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Rigall","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0882-814X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019605341","display_name":"Xifeng An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7916-4860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xifeng An","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7916-4860","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035749863","display_name":"Zhihao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8824-7395"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102932400","display_name":"Qing Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8320-6156"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8320-6156","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100748676","display_name":"Shu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5873-634X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5873-634X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029633264","display_name":"Junyu Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7012-2087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyu Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7012-2087","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5534,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80622904,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"9","first_page":"8939","last_page":"8952"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11363","display_name":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11363","display_name":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9714000225067139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10992","display_name":"Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies","score":0.9713000059127808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.664737343788147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6003203988075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.4886637032032013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cephalometric-analysis","display_name":"Cephalometric analysis","score":0.46603816747665405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38522085547447205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.34114575386047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthodontics","display_name":"Orthodontics","score":0.17256665229797363}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.664737343788147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6003203988075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.4886637032032013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779333352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5063294","display_name":"Cephalometric analysis","level":2,"score":0.46603816747665405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38522085547447205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.34114575386047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29694066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301","display_name":"Orthodontics","level":1,"score":0.17256665229797363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3386021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3386021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3189700555","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62102338","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333688","funder_display_name":"National Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4975531968","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41927805","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333688","funder_display_name":"National Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G561801814","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2023MF012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6013832154","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"02261008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333688","display_name":"National Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995003188","https://openalex.org/W2102661073","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2307770531","https://openalex.org/W2525974879","https://openalex.org/W2776488458","https://openalex.org/W2950754204","https://openalex.org/W2962611724","https://openalex.org/W2979306609","https://openalex.org/W3014641072","https://openalex.org/W3021615148","https://openalex.org/W3034750257","https://openalex.org/W3038433966","https://openalex.org/W3039961680","https://openalex.org/W3098592896","https://openalex.org/W3104334508","https://openalex.org/W3160060417","https://openalex.org/W3172995164","https://openalex.org/W3194569677","https://openalex.org/W3201702043","https://openalex.org/W3204261852","https://openalex.org/W4213207977","https://openalex.org/W4214508443","https://openalex.org/W4226372493","https://openalex.org/W4296913373","https://openalex.org/W4312478457","https://openalex.org/W4317666363","https://openalex.org/W4386071754","https://openalex.org/W4391547503","https://openalex.org/W6741667068","https://openalex.org/W6802631778","https://openalex.org/W6810265253","https://openalex.org/W6851021412"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378211422","https://openalex.org/W2745001401","https://openalex.org/W4321353415","https://openalex.org/W2130974462","https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2028665553","https://openalex.org/W2086519370","https://openalex.org/W972276598","https://openalex.org/W2087343574","https://openalex.org/W2189341500"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,131,185],"this":[1,187,274],"study,":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4],"WebCeph2k,":[5],"an":[6],"extensive":[7],"and":[8,50,59,72,112,139,147,181,298,306],"diverse":[9,27,78,140],"cephalometric":[10,28,106],"landmark":[11,24,92,150,285],"localization":[12,89,93,151,253,286],"dataset":[13,30,158,175,294,305],"that":[14,68,245,291],"surpasses":[15,169],"previous":[16],"benchmark":[17],"datasets":[18,43,141],"in":[19,34,66,91,95,117,128,176,270,279],"terms":[20,177],"of":[21,23,57,63,83,100,115,137,149,178,183,203,213,264,282],"number":[22,56,182],"annotations.":[25],"This":[26,153],"landmarks":[29,58,103,198],"has":[31],"significant":[32,88],"value":[33],"medical":[35,48,133,161,284],"imaging":[36,166],"research.":[37],"Existing":[38],"studies":[39],"predominantly":[40],"focus":[41],"on":[42],"obtained":[44],"from":[45,159],"a":[46,54,60,190,225,239,262],"single":[47],"center":[49],"provider,":[51],"which":[52,168],"offers":[53,261,276],"limited":[55,61,109],"diversity":[62],"cephalograms,":[64],"resulting":[65,269],"models":[67,120],"exhibit":[69],"low":[70,191],"robustness":[71],"generalization":[73,110,146],"when":[74],"applied":[75],"to":[76,97,195,255],"more":[77,296],"datasets.":[79],"The":[80,108,242,304],"clinical":[81,105],"application":[82],"cephalometry":[84],"is":[85,221,235,295],"hampered":[86],"by":[87,124,208,223,237],"errors":[90],"models,":[94],"addition":[96],"the":[98,113,125,129,132,135,145,170,210,214,217,230,246,265,280,301],"inadequacy":[99],"existing":[101],"datasets\u2019":[102],"for":[104],"diagnosis.":[107],"ability":[111],"occurrence":[114],"\u201coverfitting\u201d":[116],"deep":[118],"learning":[119],"are":[121,206,308],"mainly":[122],"caused":[123],"small":[126],"size":[127,180],"dataset.":[130,303],"field,":[134],"inclusion":[136],"large":[138],"can":[142],"greatly":[143],"improve":[144],"performance":[148],"models.":[152],"paper":[154],"presents":[155],"our":[156,292],"WebCeph2k":[157],"9":[160,164],"centers,":[162],"covering":[163],"different":[165],"devices,":[167],"only":[171,250],"publicly":[172],"available":[173,309],"ISBI2015":[174],"sample":[179],"landmarks.":[184],"addition,":[186],"study":[188],"employs":[189],"computational":[192,219,267],"cost":[193,220],"methodology":[194],"achieve":[196],"optimal":[197],"localization:":[199],"1)":[200],"ROI":[201],"regions":[202],"X-ray":[204],"images":[205],"derived":[207],"exploiting":[209],"prior":[211],"distribution":[212],"data,":[215],"2)":[216],"model":[218,266],"reduced":[222],"adopting":[224],"spatial-depth":[226],"transformation":[227],"strategy,":[228],"3)":[229],"standard":[231],"heatmap":[232],"decoding":[233],"method":[234,248],"optimized":[236],"integrating":[238],"compensation":[240],"strategy.":[241],"results":[243,254],"show":[244],"proposed":[247,293],"not":[249],"achieves":[251],"competitive":[252],"other":[256],"state-of-the-art":[257],"approaches,":[258],"but":[259],"also":[260,289],"reduction":[263],"cost,":[268],"faster":[271],"inference.":[272],"Consequently,":[273],"research":[275],"valuable":[277],"prospects":[278],"field":[281],"general-purpose":[283],"methods.":[287],"We":[288],"find":[290],"complex":[297],"challenging":[299],"than":[300],"ISBI":[302],"code":[307],"at":[310],"https://github.com/switch626/WebCeph2k.":[311]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}