{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392172833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3370570","title":"Exploring Prototype-Anchor Contrast for Semantic Segmentation","display_name":"Exploring Prototype-Anchor Contrast for Semantic Segmentation","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392172833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3370570"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3370570","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3370570","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060265416","display_name":"Qinghua Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3441-4514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qinghua Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Technology and Equipment, Southeast University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Technology and Equipment, Southeast University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023507910","display_name":"Shijian Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6766-2506"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shijian Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068470372","display_name":"Qirong Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0616-4431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qirong Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Big Data Ubiquitous Perception and Intelligent Agriculture Applications, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Big Data Ubiquitous Perception and Intelligent Agriculture Applications, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112047383","display_name":"Ming Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4197-7267"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060265416"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961","https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3158,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79936972,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"8","first_page":"7106","last_page":"7120"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7291076183319092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5900990962982178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5725430250167847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.554984450340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.511861264705658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4691276550292969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3791772127151489}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7291076183319092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5900990962982178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5725430250167847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.554984450340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.511861264705658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4691276550292969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3791772127151489}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3370570","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3370570","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7138859428","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62202207","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7158469337","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62176106","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8142338255","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1836220","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":89,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2340897893","https://openalex.org/W2412782625","https://openalex.org/W2431874326","https://openalex.org/W2487365028","https://openalex.org/W2542768043","https://openalex.org/W2560023338","https://openalex.org/W2737258237","https://openalex.org/W2787091153","https://openalex.org/W2798991696","https://openalex.org/W2842511635","https://openalex.org/W2888340395","https://openalex.org/W2895281799","https://openalex.org/W2907464407","https://openalex.org/W2912612061","https://openalex.org/W2932414082","https://openalex.org/W2950111065","https://openalex.org/W2955058313","https://openalex.org/W2963073217","https://openalex.org/W2963107255","https://openalex.org/W2969893028","https://openalex.org/W2972285644","https://openalex.org/W2981689412","https://openalex.org/W2981925632","https://openalex.org/W2985406498","https://openalex.org/W2987385519","https://openalex.org/W3014641072","https://openalex.org/W3022061250","https://openalex.org/W3030079400","https://openalex.org/W3034631418","https://openalex.org/W3035236545","https://openalex.org/W3035294798","https://openalex.org/W3035524453","https://openalex.org/W3103928039","https://openalex.org/W3108560336","https://openalex.org/W3110486195","https://openalex.org/W3119635706","https://openalex.org/W3122412340","https://openalex.org/W3126272270","https://openalex.org/W3134134173","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3157653192","https://openalex.org/W3159637683","https://openalex.org/W3164101295","https://openalex.org/W3175042385","https://openalex.org/W3175217175","https://openalex.org/W3175294391","https://openalex.org/W3175308890","https://openalex.org/W3177192381","https://openalex.org/W3180003570","https://openalex.org/W3185527523","https://openalex.org/W3205594649","https://openalex.org/W3209412357","https://openalex.org/W3209519737","https://openalex.org/W3210097264","https://openalex.org/W4214893857","https://openalex.org/W4226396592","https://openalex.org/W4295788754","https://openalex.org/W4297808394","https://openalex.org/W4301372783","https://openalex.org/W4312251571","https://openalex.org/W4312257162","https://openalex.org/W4312459164","https://openalex.org/W4312866014","https://openalex.org/W4313023122","https://openalex.org/W4317038436","https://openalex.org/W4319778886","https://openalex.org/W4365790139","https://openalex.org/W4386076346","https://openalex.org/W4387074829","https://openalex.org/W6687400500","https://openalex.org/W6757767656","https://openalex.org/W6767268582","https://openalex.org/W6767570870","https://openalex.org/W6776700526","https://openalex.org/W6777265123","https://openalex.org/W6778102432","https://openalex.org/W6783990618","https://openalex.org/W6784097300","https://openalex.org/W6785293073","https://openalex.org/W6796208063","https://openalex.org/W6798830307","https://openalex.org/W6801756507","https://openalex.org/W6845518869","https://openalex.org/W6846091866","https://openalex.org/W6856710578"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2069592018","https://openalex.org/W2075740387","https://openalex.org/W2358990940","https://openalex.org/W2093931120","https://openalex.org/W2329812990","https://openalex.org/W2349116365","https://openalex.org/W3021708704","https://openalex.org/W2004231473","https://openalex.org/W2060895226","https://openalex.org/W1522196789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pixel-wise":[0],"contrastive":[1,90],"learning":[2,91,150],"recently":[3],"offers":[4],"a":[5,41,87,98,147,153,177,235],"new":[6],"training":[7,137],"paradigm":[8,92],"in":[9,40,97,119,244],"semantic":[10,36,166],"segmentation":[11,188],"by":[12,45,112,140,195],"directly":[13,196],"shaping":[14,197],"the":[15,35,71,114,117,120,135,192,198],"pixel":[16,199],"embedding":[17,200],"space.":[18,201],"Compared":[19],"with":[20],"pixel-pixel":[21],"contrast":[22,33],"that":[23,93,208],"often":[24],"requires":[25,125],"large":[26,154],"memory":[27],"and":[28,51,123,190,222,253],"high":[29],"computation":[30],"cost,":[31],"pixel-prototype":[32,48,95],"exploits":[34],"correlations":[37],"among":[38],"pixels":[39,61,158],"more":[42,245],"efficient":[43],"way":[44],"pulling":[46],"positive":[47],"pairs":[49,54],"close":[50],"pushing":[52],"negative":[53,157],"apart.":[55],"However,":[56],"most":[57,186],"existing":[58,187],"work":[59],"treats":[60],"as":[62,109,143,176],"anchors":[63],"to":[64,69,163,185,217,225,234,242],"form":[65],"contrast,":[66],"either":[67],"failing":[68],"capture":[70],"intra-class":[72],"variance":[73],"or":[74],"introducing":[75],"extra":[76],"computational":[77],"overhead.":[78],"In":[79],"this":[80],"work,":[81],"we":[82],"propose":[83],"Prototype-Anchor":[84],"Contrast":[85],"(ProAC),":[86],"novel":[88,148],"prototypical":[89],"strengthens":[94],"associations":[96],"simple":[99],"yet":[100],"effective":[101],"fashion.":[102],"First,":[103],"ProAC":[104,145,181,210],"pre-defines":[105],"class":[106],"prototypes":[107,142],"(serving":[108],"cluster":[110],"centroids)":[111],"exploiting":[113],"uniformity":[115],"on":[116,170,204],"hypersphere":[118],"feature":[121],"space":[122],"thus":[124],"no":[126],"prototype":[127],"updating":[128],"during":[129],"network":[130,136,193],"optimization,":[131],"which":[132],"greatly":[133],"simplifies":[134],"process.":[138],"Second,":[139],"treating":[141],"anchors,":[144],"builds":[146],"prototype-to-pixel":[149],"path,":[151],"where":[152],"amount":[155],"of":[156,237],"can":[159,182],"naturally":[160],"be":[161,183],"generated":[162],"describe":[164],"rich":[165],"information":[167],"without":[168],"relying":[169],"auxiliary":[171],"sample":[172],"augmentation":[173],"techniques.":[174],"Finally,":[175],"plug-and-play":[178],"regularization":[179],"term,":[180],"attached":[184],"models":[189,221],"assist":[191],"optimization":[194],"Extensive":[202],"experiments":[203],"different":[205,249],"benchmarks":[206],"show":[207],"our":[209],"brings":[211],"an":[212],"mIoU":[213],"increase":[214],"from":[215,223,240],"1.4%":[216],"2.0%":[218],"for":[219,227],"fully-supervised":[220],"0.9%":[224],"6.0%":[226],"domain-adaptive":[228],"models,":[229],"respectively.":[230],"It":[231],"also":[232],"leads":[233],"gain":[236],"mIoU,":[238],"ranging":[239],"1.8%":[241],"2.7%":[243],"challenging":[246],"cases,":[247],"including":[248],"resolutions,":[250],"diverse":[251],"illuminations":[252],"masked":[254],"scenarios.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}