{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3133998139","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2022.3232385","title":"Machine Learning Based Efficient QT-MTT Partitioning Scheme for VVC Intra Encoders","display_name":"Machine Learning Based Efficient QT-MTT Partitioning Scheme for VVC Intra Encoders","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3133998139","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2022.3232385","mag":"3133998139"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2022.3232385","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2022.3232385","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.05319","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088743888","display_name":"Alexandre Tissier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4577-8305"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28221208","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/04xaa4j22","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28221208"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100151","display_name":"Institut d'\u00c9lectronique et des Technologies du num\u00e9Rique","ror":"https://ror.org/013q33h79","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210095849","https://openalex.org/I4210100151","https://openalex.org/I56067802","https://openalex.org/I97188460"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexandre Tissier","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, INSA Rennes, IETR&#x2013;UMR 6164, University Rennes, Rennes, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4577-8305","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, INSA Rennes, IETR&#x2013;UMR 6164, University Rennes, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210100151"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084205574","display_name":"Wassim Hamidouche","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0143-1756"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28221208","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/04xaa4j22","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28221208"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100151","display_name":"Institut d'\u00c9lectronique et des Technologies du num\u00e9Rique","ror":"https://ror.org/013q33h79","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210095849","https://openalex.org/I4210100151","https://openalex.org/I56067802","https://openalex.org/I97188460"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wassim Hamidouche","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, INSA Rennes, IETR&#x2013;UMR 6164, University Rennes, Rennes, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0143-1756","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, INSA Rennes, IETR&#x2013;UMR 6164, University Rennes, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210100151"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036574228","display_name":"Souhaiel Belhadj Dit Mdalsi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28221208","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/04xaa4j22","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28221208"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100151","display_name":"Institut d'\u00c9lectronique et des Technologies du num\u00e9Rique","ror":"https://ror.org/013q33h79","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210095849","https://openalex.org/I4210100151","https://openalex.org/I56067802","https://openalex.org/I97188460"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Souhaiel Belhadj Dit Mdalsi","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, INSA Rennes, IETR&#x2013;UMR 6164, University Rennes, Rennes, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, INSA Rennes, IETR&#x2013;UMR 6164, University Rennes, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210100151"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002772631","display_name":"Jarno Vanne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7944-1938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jarno Vanne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit of Computing Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7944-1938","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Computing Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077409267","display_name":"Franck Galpin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2123-7819"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Franck Galpin","raw_affiliation_strings":["InterDigital, Cesson-S&#x00E9;vign&#x00E9;, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2123-7819","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"InterDigital, Cesson-S&#x00E9;vign&#x00E9;, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063461235","display_name":"Daniel M\u00e9nard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5416-2393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28221208","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/04xaa4j22","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28221208"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100151","display_name":"Institut d'\u00c9lectronique et des Technologies du num\u00e9Rique","ror":"https://ror.org/013q33h79","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210095849","https://openalex.org/I4210100151","https://openalex.org/I56067802","https://openalex.org/I97188460"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Menard","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, INSA Rennes, IETR&#x2013;UMR 6164, University Rennes, Rennes, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5416-2393","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, INSA Rennes, IETR&#x2013;UMR 6164, University Rennes, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210100151"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.3943,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97702703,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"8","first_page":"4279","last_page":"4293"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6828867197036743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.519236147403717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5053975582122803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.467075377702713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19320520758628845}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6828867197036743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.519236147403717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5053975582122803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.467075377702713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19320520758628845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2022.3232385","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2022.3232385","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2103.05319","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2103.05319","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.05319","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04192515v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04192515","pdf_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04192515v1/file/Tissier%20et%20al%20-2023-Machine%20Learning%20based%20Efficient%20QT-MTT.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 2023, 33 (8), pp.4279-4293. &#x27E8;10.1109/TCSVT.2022.3232385&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2103.05319","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2103.05319","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.05319","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327215","display_name":"R\u00e9gion Bretagne","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W2013875322","https://openalex.org/W2021636361","https://openalex.org/W2084272324","https://openalex.org/W2101700394","https://openalex.org/W2109024809","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2271840356","https://openalex.org/W2552290192","https://openalex.org/W2613939767","https://openalex.org/W2739757502","https://openalex.org/W2741137940","https://openalex.org/W2761287863","https://openalex.org/W2768348081","https://openalex.org/W2768833599","https://openalex.org/W2791620681","https://openalex.org/W2891194119","https://openalex.org/W2921369765","https://openalex.org/W2946948417","https://openalex.org/W2949650786","https://openalex.org/W2955425717","https://openalex.org/W2965501959","https://openalex.org/W2966267490","https://openalex.org/W2970685200","https://openalex.org/W2970920603","https://openalex.org/W2972169352","https://openalex.org/W2979673094","https://openalex.org/W2987291011","https://openalex.org/W2991630191","https://openalex.org/W3012919712","https://openalex.org/W3035784627","https://openalex.org/W3037080794","https://openalex.org/W3037841842","https://openalex.org/W3045512288","https://openalex.org/W3046501084","https://openalex.org/W3046740278","https://openalex.org/W3048897064","https://openalex.org/W3090851217","https://openalex.org/W3091225163","https://openalex.org/W3101531460","https://openalex.org/W3103682398","https://openalex.org/W3133522566","https://openalex.org/W3134285717","https://openalex.org/W3168354393","https://openalex.org/W3173668137","https://openalex.org/W3197390979","https://openalex.org/W3202918664","https://openalex.org/W4207059794","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6687483927","https://openalex.org/W6694517276","https://openalex.org/W6745609711","https://openalex.org/W6762718338"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,262],"next-generation":[1],"Versatile":[2],"Video":[3,57],"Coding":[4,58],"(VVC)":[5],"standard":[6],"introduces":[7],"a":[8,68,79,89,114,125,136,185,194,224,234,247],"new":[9,31],"Multi-Type":[10],"Tree":[11,138],"(MTT)":[12],"block":[13,40,72,109],"partitioning":[14,66,198],"structure":[15],"that":[16,51],"supports":[17,63],"Binary-Tree":[18],"(BT)":[19],"and":[20,27,181,254,269],"Ternary-Tree":[21],"(TT)":[22],"splits":[23,37,152,164],"in":[24,100],"both":[25],"vertical":[26],"horizontal":[28],"directions.":[29],"This":[30,86],"approach":[32],"leads":[33],"to":[34,93,119,147,177,258],"five":[35],"possible":[36],"at":[38,132,153,277],"each":[39,154],"depth.":[41,73],"It":[42],"thereby":[43],"improves":[44],"the":[45,53,95,107,130,149,168,173,207,216,259,266,270],"coding":[46],"efficiency":[47,253],"of":[48,52,98,127,144,172,188,228,238,265],"VVC":[49,101,196,208],"over":[50],"preceding":[54],"High":[55],"Efficiency":[56],"(HEVC)":[59],"standard,":[60],"which":[61],"only":[62,161],"Quad-Tree":[64],"(QT)":[65],"with":[67,206],"single":[69],"split":[70],"per":[71],"However,":[74],"MTT":[75,99],"also":[76,192],"has":[77],"brought":[78],"considerable":[80],"impact":[81],"on":[82,158,184,201,215],"encoder":[83],"computational":[84],"complexity.":[85],"paper":[87],"proposes":[88],"two-stage":[90],"learning-based":[91],"technique":[92],"tackle":[94],"complexity":[96,221,236,255],"overhead":[97],"intra":[102],"encoders.":[103],"In":[104,175],"our":[105,179],"scheme,":[106],"input":[108],"is":[110],"first":[111],"processed":[112,166],"by":[113,167],"Convolutional":[115],"Neural":[116],"Network":[117],"(CNN)":[118],"predict":[120,148],"its":[121],"spatial":[122,145],"features":[123,146],"through":[124],"vector":[126,143],"probabilities":[128],"describing":[129],"partition":[131],"each$4\\times":[133],"4$edge.":[134],"Subsequently,":[135],"Decision":[137],"(DT)":[139],"model":[140],"leverages":[141],"this":[142,159],"most":[150],"likely":[151,163],"block.":[155],"Finally,":[156],"based":[157,200],"prediction,":[160],"the$N$most":[162],"are":[165,273],"Rate-Distortion":[169],"(RD)":[170],"process":[171],"encoder.":[174,211],"order":[176],"train":[178],"CNN":[180],"DT":[182],"models":[183],"wide":[186],"range":[187],"image":[189,203],"contents,":[190],"we":[191],"propose":[193],"public":[195],"frame":[197],"dataset":[199,204,272],"existing":[202],"encoded":[205],"reference":[209],"software":[210],"Our":[212],"solution":[213],"relying":[214],"top-3":[217],"configuration":[218,232],"reaches":[219],"47.4%":[220],"reduction":[222,237,256],"for":[223,240],"negligible":[225],"bitrate":[226,242],"increase":[227],"0.79%.":[229],"A":[230],"top-2":[231],"enables":[233],"higher":[235],"70.4%":[239],"2.49%":[241],"loss.":[243],"These":[244],"results":[245],"emphasize":[246],"better":[248],"trade-off":[249],"between":[250],"VTM":[251],"intra-coding":[252],"compared":[257],"state-of-the-art":[260],"solutions.":[261],"source":[263],"code":[264],"proposed":[267],"method":[268],"training":[271],"made":[274],"publicly":[275],"available":[276],"GitHub.":[278]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
