{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3197390979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2021.3108671","title":"Configurable Fast Block Partitioning for VVC Intra Coding Using Light Gradient Boosting Machine","display_name":"Configurable Fast Block Partitioning for VVC Intra Coding Using Light Gradient Boosting Machine","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3197390979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2021.3108671","mag":"3197390979"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2021.3108671","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2021.3108671","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10923/24028","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009407511","display_name":"M\u00e1rio Saldanha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6771-6359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169248161","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Pelotas","ror":"https://ror.org/05msy9z54","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169248161"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mario Saldanha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Program in Computer Science (PPGC) and Video Technology Research Group (ViTech), Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6771-6359","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program in Computer Science (PPGC) and Video Technology Research Group (ViTech), Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169248161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065080078","display_name":"Gustavo Sanchez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8399-3014"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147797","display_name":"Instituto Federal Farroupilha","ror":"https://ror.org/04eq71r04","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147797"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gustavo Sanchez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, IF Farroupilha, Alegrete, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8399-3014","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, IF Farroupilha, Alegrete, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079404294","display_name":"C\u00e9sar Marcon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7811-7896"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45643870","display_name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/025vmq686","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45643870"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cesar Marcon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Program in Computer Science (PPGCC), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7811-7896","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program in Computer Science (PPGCC), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45643870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070735330","display_name":"Luciano Agostini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3421-5830"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169248161","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Pelotas","ror":"https://ror.org/05msy9z54","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169248161"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luciano Agostini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Program in Computer Science (PPGC) and Video Technology Research Group (ViTech), Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3421-5830","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program in Computer Science (PPGC) and Video Technology Research Group (ViTech), Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169248161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8319,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":71,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97709261,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"6","first_page":"3947","last_page":"3960"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadtree","display_name":"Quadtree","score":0.7941614985466003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.66789710521698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithmic-efficiency","display_name":"Algorithmic efficiency","score":0.6585639715194702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding-tree-unit","display_name":"Coding tree unit","score":0.5958508849143982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.573091447353363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boosting","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","score":0.5349721908569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-adaptive-binary-arithmetic-coding","display_name":"Context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding","score":0.4219602346420288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.4122597873210907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39924585819244385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3851248621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22609972953796387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.1698998510837555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-compression","display_name":"Data compression","score":0.16419100761413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.09372559189796448}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151416825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q934791","display_name":"Quadtree","level":2,"score":0.7941614985466003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.66789710521698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116709606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1296251","display_name":"Algorithmic efficiency","level":3,"score":0.6585639715194702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190750250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13533439","display_name":"Coding tree unit","level":3,"score":0.5958508849143982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.573091447353363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46686674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466303","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.5349721908569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175732694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128713","display_name":"Context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding","level":3,"score":0.4219602346420288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.4122597873210907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39924585819244385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3851248621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22609972953796387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.1698998510837555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78548338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493","display_name":"Data compression","level":2,"score":0.16419100761413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09372559189796448}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2021.3108671","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2021.3108671","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:meriva.pucrs.br:10923/24028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10923/24028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196369","display_name":"PUCRS Repository (Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45643870","host_organization_name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Rio Grande do Sul","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45643870"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:meriva.pucrs.br:10923/24028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10923/24028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196369","display_name":"PUCRS Repository (Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45643870","host_organization_name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Rio Grande do Sul","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45643870"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","ror":"https://ror.org/00x0ma614"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/03swz6y49"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322502","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/05k49za97"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2079251747","https://openalex.org/W2088794999","https://openalex.org/W2101700394","https://openalex.org/W2146395539","https://openalex.org/W2537298451","https://openalex.org/W2561701399","https://openalex.org/W2897872264","https://openalex.org/W2921369765","https://openalex.org/W2946222558","https://openalex.org/W2949676527","https://openalex.org/W2966267490","https://openalex.org/W2967556127","https://openalex.org/W2970074696","https://openalex.org/W2970685200","https://openalex.org/W2970800160","https://openalex.org/W2972169352","https://openalex.org/W2978800380","https://openalex.org/W2987291011","https://openalex.org/W2991616053","https://openalex.org/W2999228049","https://openalex.org/W3006921817","https://openalex.org/W3013917658","https://openalex.org/W3035631597","https://openalex.org/W3035784627","https://openalex.org/W3046740278","https://openalex.org/W3090851217","https://openalex.org/W3091225163","https://openalex.org/W3096980978","https://openalex.org/W3106958585","https://openalex.org/W3108395087","https://openalex.org/W3143948201","https://openalex.org/W3152708635","https://openalex.org/W3153323090","https://openalex.org/W3153617831","https://openalex.org/W3154567741","https://openalex.org/W3159840359","https://openalex.org/W3202267197","https://openalex.org/W6676179485","https://openalex.org/W6745609711"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4294069571","https://openalex.org/W1987778158","https://openalex.org/W2999420289","https://openalex.org/W2020544184","https://openalex.org/W2237847712","https://openalex.org/W1963864458","https://openalex.org/W1557942024","https://openalex.org/W2613214950","https://openalex.org/W4212979751","https://openalex.org/W1528106786"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,30,61,88],"configurable":[4,150,175],"fast":[5],"block":[6,69],"partitioning":[7,89],"decision":[8,90],"for":[9,123],"Versatile":[10],"Video":[11],"Coding":[12,45],"(VVC)":[13],"intra-frame":[14],"prediction":[15,72],"using":[16,91,136],"Light":[17],"Gradient":[18],"Boosting":[19],"Machine":[20],"(LGBM).":[21],"VVC":[22],"further":[23],"improves":[24],"the":[25,53,58,77,96,102,114,167,174,179,196,204],"coding":[26,54,163,187],"efficiency":[27,55,188],"by":[28],"introducing":[29],"Quadtree":[31],"with":[32,130,157,186],"nested":[33],"Multi-Type":[34],"Tree":[35],"(QTMT),":[36],"enabling":[37],"five":[38,120,171],"split":[39,105,125],"types":[40,106],"allowing":[41],"square":[42],"and":[43,71,100,135,142,151,162,212],"rectangular":[44],"Unit":[46],"(CU)":[47],"sizes.":[48],"However,":[49],"this":[50,84,118],"improvement":[51],"in":[52,207],"comes":[56],"at":[57],"cost":[59],"of":[60,68,104,139,209],"high":[62],"computational":[63],"burden":[64],"since":[65],"several":[66,154],"combinations":[67],"sizes":[70],"modes":[73],"are":[74,108],"evaluated":[75],"through":[76],"costly":[78],"Rate-Distortion":[79],"Optimization":[80],"(RDO)":[81],"process.":[82],"In":[83],"article,":[85],"we":[86],"propose":[87],"LGBM":[92],"classifiers":[93,121],"to":[94,110,166,184,192,195,202],"avoid":[95],"exhaustive":[97],"RDO":[98],"process":[99,134],"skip":[101],"evaluation":[103],"that":[107],"unlikely":[109],"be":[111],"chosen":[112],"as":[113],"best":[115],"one.":[116],"For":[117],"purpose,":[119],"(one":[122],"each":[124],"type)":[126],"were":[127],"offline":[128],"trained":[129],"an":[131],"efficient":[132],"training":[133],"effective":[137],"features":[138],"texture,":[140],"coding,":[141],"context":[143],"information.":[144],"The":[145],"proposed":[146],"solution":[147,176,199],"is":[148,200],"highly":[149],"can":[152,177],"provide":[153],"operation":[155,172],"points":[156],"different":[158],"tradeoffs":[159],"between":[160],"timesaving":[161],"efficiency,":[164],"according":[165],"application":[168],"requirements.":[169],"Considering":[170],"points,":[173],"reduce":[178],"encoding":[180],"time":[181],"from":[182,190],"35.22%":[183],"61.34%,":[185],"losses":[189],"0.46%":[191],"2.43%.":[193],"Compared":[194],"state-of-the-art,":[197],"our":[198],"able":[201],"outperform":[203],"related":[205],"works":[206],"terms":[208],"combined":[210],"rate-distortion":[211],"timesaving.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}