{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2992612461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2019.2909693","title":"Fast Hardware-Based IME With an Idle Cycle and Computational Redundancy Reduction","display_name":"Fast Hardware-Based IME With an Idle Cycle and Computational Redundancy Reduction","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2992612461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2019.2909693","mag":"2992612461"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2019.2909693","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2019.2909693","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101944146","display_name":"Tae Sung Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3086-0055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tae Sung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["System LSI Division, Samsung Electronics Corporation, Hwaseong, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"System LSI Division, Samsung Electronics Corporation, Hwaseong, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066755055","display_name":"Chae Eun Rhee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7851-1703"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191879574","display_name":"Inha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01easw929","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chae Eun Rhee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inha University, Incheon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inha University, Incheon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024723558","display_name":"Hyuk\u2010Jae Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6811-9647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyuk-Jae Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Department of Electrical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Department of Electrical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101944146"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8293,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74205229,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"6","first_page":"1732","last_page":"1744"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7345356941223145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.566365659236908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idle","display_name":"Idle","score":0.5182337760925293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.474327027797699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loop-unrolling","display_name":"Loop unrolling","score":0.47094404697418213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.4611867070198059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.44202038645744324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3976348042488098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3759514391422272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.37589168548583984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.30621999502182007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.248378187417984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compiler","display_name":"Compiler","score":0.09963488578796387}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7345356941223145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.566365659236908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16320812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1812200","display_name":"Idle","level":2,"score":0.5182337760925293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.474327027797699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76970557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1869750","display_name":"Loop unrolling","level":3,"score":0.47094404697418213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4611867070198059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.44202038645744324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3976348042488098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3759514391422272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.37589168548583984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.30621999502182007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.248378187417984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.09963488578796387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2019.2909693","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2019.2909693","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5712678737","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2018R1A1A1A05023598","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W803071933","https://openalex.org/W1679834827","https://openalex.org/W1969665649","https://openalex.org/W1973336965","https://openalex.org/W1976935468","https://openalex.org/W1982875408","https://openalex.org/W1994685695","https://openalex.org/W2012332625","https://openalex.org/W2019502172","https://openalex.org/W2051716807","https://openalex.org/W2056268508","https://openalex.org/W2082943520","https://openalex.org/W2092544701","https://openalex.org/W2099124466","https://openalex.org/W2101305610","https://openalex.org/W2101700394","https://openalex.org/W2112432559","https://openalex.org/W2113724275","https://openalex.org/W2139116220","https://openalex.org/W2141109916","https://openalex.org/W2143498865","https://openalex.org/W2145251738","https://openalex.org/W2146395539","https://openalex.org/W2159463834","https://openalex.org/W2305396696","https://openalex.org/W2613454533","https://openalex.org/W2763187854","https://openalex.org/W2770186756","https://openalex.org/W6675207249","https://openalex.org/W6680810742"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2595172197","https://openalex.org/W2148967747","https://openalex.org/W4256534760","https://openalex.org/W2084856301","https://openalex.org/W3008658471","https://openalex.org/W2127970246","https://openalex.org/W2885125400","https://openalex.org/W1989889224","https://openalex.org/W582278231","https://openalex.org/W2496519511"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Extensive":[0],"efforts":[1,35],"have":[2],"been":[3],"made":[4],"to":[5,45,96,103,124],"design":[6,50,63,212],"hardware-based":[7,187],"integer":[8],"motion":[9],"estimation":[10],"(IME)":[11],"that":[12,67],"is":[13,29,94,143,159,213,227],"much":[14],"faster":[15],"than":[16],"software-based":[17],"IME":[18,44,66,108,188],"but":[19,74],"suffers":[20],"from":[21,177],"the":[22,25,31,42,47,52,65,98,104,112,127,131,156,167,181,185,201],"degradation":[23,179],"in":[24,180],"coding":[26,55,84,141,182],"efficiency.":[27,56,85,183],"This":[28,57],"because":[30],"strategy":[32],"for":[33],"previous":[34],"was":[36],"a":[37,60,77,87,134,140,146,216],"simple":[38],"algorithmic":[39],"modification":[40],"of":[41,54,64,106,130,169,234],"fast":[43,107],"facilitate":[46],"given":[48],"hardware":[49,62,170,211],"at":[51,194,229],"expense":[53],"paper":[58],"proposes":[59],"novel":[61],"not":[68,175],"only":[69,206],"offers":[70],"real-time":[71],"processing":[72],"capability":[73],"also":[75],"provides":[76],"flexible":[78],"tradeoff":[79],"between":[80],"computational":[81,128,135,157],"complexity":[82,129,158],"and":[83,150,223],"First,":[86],"prediction":[88],"unit":[89,142],"(PU)":[90],"loop":[91],"unrolling":[92],"scheme":[93],"proposed":[95,164,186],"solve":[97],"pipeline":[99],"stall":[100],"problem":[101],"owing":[102],"nature":[105],"algorithms":[109],"such":[110],"as":[111],"test":[113],"zone":[114],"search":[115,147,151],"(TZS).":[116],"It":[117],"reduces":[118],"idle":[119],"cycles":[120],"by":[121,161,205],"89.24%.":[122],"Next,":[123],"further":[125],"reduce":[126],"TZS":[132],"algorithm,":[133],"redundancy":[136],"among":[137],"PUs":[138],"within":[139],"reduced":[144,160],"through":[145],"step":[148],"synchronization":[149],"point":[152],"sharing":[153],"scheme.":[154],"Thus,":[155],"72.25%.":[162],"The":[163,210],"schemes":[165],"eliminate":[166],"inefficiency":[168],"design;":[171],"thus,":[172],"they":[173],"do":[174],"suffer":[176],"serious":[178],"Consequently,":[184],"processes":[189],"7680":[190],"\u00d7":[191],"4320":[192],"videos":[193],"30":[195],"frames":[196],"per":[197],"second":[198],"while":[199],"increasing":[200],"Bj\u00f8ntegaard":[202],"delta":[203],"bitrate":[204],"0.90%":[207],"on":[208],"average.":[209],"synthesized":[214],"using":[215],"65":[217],"nm":[218],"general":[219],"purpose":[220],"CMOS":[221],"technology,":[222],"its":[224],"gate":[225],"count":[226],"268.5K":[228],"an":[230],"operating":[231],"clock":[232],"frequency":[233],"500":[235],"MHz.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
