{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2911118516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2019.2891159","title":"A Novel Patch Variance Biased Convolutional Neural Network for No-Reference Image Quality Assessment","display_name":"A Novel Patch Variance Biased Convolutional Neural Network for No-Reference Image Quality Assessment","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2911118516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2019.2891159","mag":"2911118516"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2019.2891159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2019.2891159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038133707","display_name":"Lai-Man Po","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5185-1492"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lai-Man Po","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5185-1492","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086473815","display_name":"Mengyang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3527-6907"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengyang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053752334","display_name":"Wilson Y. F. Yuen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150087","display_name":"TFI Digital Media Limited (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/04pb98034","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wilson Y. F. Yuen","raw_affiliation_strings":["TFI Digital Media Ltd., Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TFI Digital Media Ltd., Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100779262","display_name":"Yuming Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2219-9033"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuming Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Minieye Company, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Minieye Company, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070429299","display_name":"Xuyuan Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6609-1046"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250653659","display_name":"Tencent (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhjss72","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuyuan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tencent Video, Tencent Holdings Ltd., Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tencent Video, Tencent Holdings Ltd., Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064884455","display_name":"Chang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7336-7351"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033494167","display_name":"P.H.W. Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0373-933X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150087","display_name":"TFI Digital Media Limited (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/04pb98034","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter H. W. Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["TFI Digital Media Ltd., Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0373-933X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TFI Digital Media Ltd., Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036176395","display_name":"Kin Wai Lau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5364-5070"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150087","display_name":"TFI Digital Media Limited (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/04pb98034","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kin Wai Lau","raw_affiliation_strings":["TFI Digital Media Ltd., Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TFI Digital Media Ltd., Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150087"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090068645","display_name":"Hon-Tung Luk","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150087","display_name":"TFI Digital Media Limited (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/04pb98034","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hon-Tung Luk","raw_affiliation_strings":["TFI Digital Media Ltd., Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TFI Digital Media Ltd., Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150087"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038133707"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0633,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93322404,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"4","first_page":"1223","last_page":"1229"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9786999821662903,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7996470928192139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7468615770339966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-quality","display_name":"Image quality","score":0.708138644695282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6798418164253235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.59657222032547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5911771059036255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-score","display_name":"Quality Score","score":0.5743901133537292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5739759802818298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5494340658187866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","score":0.4856797456741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3667914867401123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.06287327408790588}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7996470928192139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7468615770339966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.708138644695282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6798418164253235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.59657222032547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5911771059036255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779346075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268763","display_name":"Quality Score","level":3,"score":0.5743901133537292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5739759802818298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5494340658187866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.4856797456741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3667914867401123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.06287327408790588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2019.2891159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2019.2891159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4803789996","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"9440172","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309893","funder_display_name":"City University of Hong Kong"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309893","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982471090","https://openalex.org/W1987489060","https://openalex.org/W2051596736","https://openalex.org/W2107476778","https://openalex.org/W2129644086","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2141983208","https://openalex.org/W2142884912","https://openalex.org/W2143901157","https://openalex.org/W2154729342","https://openalex.org/W2162692770","https://openalex.org/W2168023013","https://openalex.org/W2509123681","https://openalex.org/W2512905766","https://openalex.org/W2574066454","https://openalex.org/W2578125686","https://openalex.org/W2593290446","https://openalex.org/W2613606523","https://openalex.org/W2781562621","https://openalex.org/W2963975576","https://openalex.org/W3182211633","https://openalex.org/W6647225686","https://openalex.org/W6684791271"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2280638972","https://openalex.org/W3145898297","https://openalex.org/W3194862240","https://openalex.org/W4206325381","https://openalex.org/W2295706819","https://openalex.org/W2161907179","https://openalex.org/W2043597472","https://openalex.org/W54224318","https://openalex.org/W2552902349","https://openalex.org/W4226186675"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"convolutional":[1],"neural":[2,56],"networks":[3],"(CNNs)":[4],"have":[5,72],"been":[6],"successfully":[7],"applied":[8],"on":[9,83],"no-reference":[10],"image":[11,27,42,47,61,67,79,117],"quality":[12,62,80,102,118],"assessment":[13],"(NR-IQA)":[14],"with":[15,25,69,123,139],"respect":[16],"to":[17,93,113,120],"human":[18],"perception.":[19],"Most":[20],"of":[21,34,76],"these":[22,84],"methods":[23],"deal":[24],"small":[26],"patches":[28,37,48,68,96,122],"and":[29,59,101],"use":[30,108],"the":[31,35,40,88,98,115,121],"average":[32,112],"score":[33,63,103,119],"test":[36],"for":[38,54,97],"predicting":[39],"whole":[41],"quality.":[43],"We":[44],"discovered":[45],"that":[46,130],"from":[49],"homogenous":[50,95],"regions":[51],"are":[52],"unreliable":[53],"both":[55],"network":[57,99],"training":[58,100],"final":[60,116],"estimation.":[64,104],"In":[65],"addition,":[66],"complex":[70,124],"structures":[71],"much":[73],"higher":[74],"chances":[75],"achieving":[77],"better":[78],"prediction.":[81],"Based":[82],"findings,":[85],"we":[86,106],"enhanced":[87],"conventional":[89],"CNN-based":[90],"NR-IQA":[91,141],"algorithm":[92],"avoid":[94],"Moreover,":[105],"also":[107],"a":[109],"variance-based":[110],"weighting":[111],"bias":[114],"structure.":[125],"The":[126],"experimental":[127],"results":[128],"show":[129],"this":[131],"simple":[132],"approach":[133],"can":[134],"achieve":[135],"state-of-the-art":[136],"performance":[137],"compared":[138],"well-known":[140],"algorithms.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
