{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2765535295","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2017.2763181","title":"Feature-Based Image Patch Classification for Moving Shadow Detection","display_name":"Feature-Based Image Patch Classification for Moving Shadow Detection","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2765535295","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2017.2763181","mag":"2765535295"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2017.2763181","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2017.2763181","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090211403","display_name":"Mosin Russell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6044-0751"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63525965","display_name":"Western Sydney University","ror":"https://ror.org/03t52dk35","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mosin Russell","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040512740","display_name":"Ju Jia Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5091-7309"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63525965","display_name":"Western Sydney University","ror":"https://ror.org/03t52dk35","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ju Jia Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068677405","display_name":"Gu Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3723-1665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63525965","display_name":"Western Sydney University","ror":"https://ror.org/03t52dk35","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gu Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076697411","display_name":"Weidong Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3706-8896"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weidong Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technologies, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technologies, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090211403"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3653,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88861583,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"9","first_page":"2652","last_page":"2666"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.8078956007957458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6594113707542419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.647339403629303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5950716137886047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.563066840171814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.5433282852172852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.48315614461898804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4817828834056854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram-of-oriented-gradients","display_name":"Histogram of oriented gradients","score":0.41866767406463623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.30126065015792847}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.8078956007957458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6594113707542419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.647339403629303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5950716137886047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.563066840171814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.5433282852172852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.48315614461898804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4817828834056854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17426736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419918","display_name":"Histogram of oriented gradients","level":4,"score":0.41866767406463623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.30126065015792847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2017.2763181","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2017.2763181","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320968","display_name":"University of Western Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03t52dk35"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330043","display_name":"Western Sydney University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13002769","https://openalex.org/W1922017469","https://openalex.org/W1975020933","https://openalex.org/W1975815454","https://openalex.org/W1976363322","https://openalex.org/W2003685903","https://openalex.org/W2015407763","https://openalex.org/W2021372869","https://openalex.org/W2031460779","https://openalex.org/W2033453961","https://openalex.org/W2044927065","https://openalex.org/W2046512181","https://openalex.org/W2068070594","https://openalex.org/W2097777575","https://openalex.org/W2099438908","https://openalex.org/W2100907567","https://openalex.org/W2105621472","https://openalex.org/W2115308097","https://openalex.org/W2116148865","https://openalex.org/W2118073342","https://openalex.org/W2118246710","https://openalex.org/W2128067718","https://openalex.org/W2131081720","https://openalex.org/W2132905833","https://openalex.org/W2134728521","https://openalex.org/W2140132714","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2161932890","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2163352848","https://openalex.org/W2184966118","https://openalex.org/W2252574053","https://openalex.org/W2287675026","https://openalex.org/W2501210423","https://openalex.org/W2506033017","https://openalex.org/W2508735788","https://openalex.org/W2511925907","https://openalex.org/W2567005852","https://openalex.org/W4205699531","https://openalex.org/W6600547124"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2071599417","https://openalex.org/W2048716406","https://openalex.org/W1870444468","https://openalex.org/W2979608518","https://openalex.org/W1964725559","https://openalex.org/W3003960249","https://openalex.org/W2045053268","https://openalex.org/W3109748140","https://openalex.org/W2767833206","https://openalex.org/W2433492094"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,163,177],"presence":[1],"of":[2,10,94,139,175,195],"shadows":[3,35],"in":[4,36,51,193],"images":[5],"significantly":[6],"affects":[7],"the":[8,48,105,160,196,205],"performance":[9,192],"many":[11,52],"computer":[12],"vision":[13],"tasks":[14],"and":[15,25,60,63,77,98,115,125,188,200],"visual":[16],"processing":[17],"applications,":[18],"such":[19,55],"as":[20,56],"object":[21,23,50],"tracking,":[22],"classification,":[24],"behavior":[26],"recognition.":[27],"Most":[28],"methods":[29],"have":[30],"been":[31],"designed":[32],"to":[33,43,82,118,168],"detect":[34],"specific":[37],"situations,":[38,54],"but":[39],"they":[40],"often":[41],"fail":[42],"distinguish":[44],"shadow":[45,184,197],"points":[46],"from":[47,112,143,159],"foreground":[49],"problematic":[53],"chromatic":[57],"shadows,":[58,126],"non-textured":[59],"dark":[61],"surfaces,":[62],"foreground-background":[64],"camouflage.":[65],"In":[66,87],"this":[67,88],"paper,":[68],"we":[69],"propose":[70],"a":[71,129,137,169],"new":[72,130],"feature-based":[73],"image":[74,113,131],"patch":[75,164],"approximation":[76,135],"multi-independent":[78],"sparse":[79],"representation":[80],"technique":[81],"tackle":[83],"these":[84],"environmental":[85],"problems.":[86],"method,":[89],"two":[90,120],"illumination-invariant":[91],"features-binary":[92],"patterns":[93],"local":[95],"color":[96],"constancy":[97],"light-based":[99],"gradient":[100],"matching-are":[101],"introduced,":[102],"along":[103],"with":[104,204],"intensity-reduction":[106],"histogram.":[107],"These":[108],"features":[109],"are":[110,116],"extracted":[111],"patches":[114],"used":[117],"construct":[119],"over-complete":[121],"dictionaries":[122],"for":[123,136],"objects":[124],"respectively.":[127],"Given":[128],"patch,":[132],"its":[133,157,173],"best":[134],"number":[138],"iterations":[140],"is":[141,153,165,180],"found":[142],"each":[144,147],"dictionary.":[145],"For":[146],"iteration,":[148],"an":[149],"independent":[150],"class":[151,170],"assignment":[152],"performed":[154],"by":[155],"finding":[156],"distances":[158],"reference":[161],"dictionaries.":[162],"then":[166],"assigned":[167],"based":[171],"on":[172,182],"probability":[174],"occurrence.":[176],"proposed":[178],"framework":[179],"evaluated":[181],"common":[183],"detection":[185,198],"data":[186],"sets,":[187],"it":[189],"shows":[190],"improved":[191],"terms":[194],"rate":[199,202],"discrimination":[201],"compared":[203],"state-of-the-art":[206],"methods.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
