{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2738982359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2017.2730258","title":"Improved Object Detection With Iterative Localization Refinement in Convolutional Neural Networks","display_name":"Improved Object Detection With Iterative Localization Refinement in Convolutional Neural Networks","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2738982359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2017.2730258","mag":"2738982359"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2017.2730258","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2017.2730258","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102414810","display_name":"Kaiwen Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3558-9371"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154864474","display_name":"National Taiwan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q09pe49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kai-Wen Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077826217","display_name":"Yie\u2010Tarng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7221-1603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154864474","display_name":"National Taiwan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q09pe49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yie-Tarng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111446401","display_name":"Wen\u2010Hsien Fang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154864474","display_name":"National Taiwan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q09pe49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen-Hsien Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102414810"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0012,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8510556,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"9","first_page":"2261","last_page":"2275"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7933346033096313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pascal","display_name":"Pascal (unit)","score":0.7041766047477722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.693343997001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.633662223815918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6332622766494751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5558404922485352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-method","display_name":"Iterative method","score":0.5027830600738525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.49609288573265076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4544629454612732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4272860884666443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4115408658981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4102499485015869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3562158942222595}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7933346033096313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75608658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44395","display_name":"Pascal (unit)","level":2,"score":0.7041766047477722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.693343997001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.633662223815918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6332622766494751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5558404922485352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159694833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2321565","display_name":"Iterative method","level":2,"score":0.5027830600738525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.49609288573265076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4544629454612732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4272860884666443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4115408658981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4102499485015869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3562158942222595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2017.2730258","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2017.2730258","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309652","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324282","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324515","display_name":"National Taiwan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q09pe49"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327756","display_name":"National University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/019vsm959"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":86,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7746136","https://openalex.org/W95258188","https://openalex.org/W331769727","https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1487583988","https://openalex.org/W1507506748","https://openalex.org/W1545641654","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1832500336","https://openalex.org/W1849277567","https://openalex.org/W1892339738","https://openalex.org/W1932624639","https://openalex.org/W1941385496","https://openalex.org/W1952506714","https://openalex.org/W1958328135","https://openalex.org/W1960182310","https://openalex.org/W1973054923","https://openalex.org/W1983930728","https://openalex.org/W1991367009","https://openalex.org/W1995444699","https://openalex.org/W2066624635","https://openalex.org/W2067191022","https://openalex.org/W2068730032","https://openalex.org/W2071821890","https://openalex.org/W2088049833","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2106874006","https://openalex.org/W2109255472","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2127242687","https://openalex.org/W2128715914","https://openalex.org/W2130306094","https://openalex.org/W2131846894","https://openalex.org/W2151049637","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2161106546","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2162741153","https://openalex.org/W2162915993","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2166127773","https://openalex.org/W2168356304","https://openalex.org/W2186094539","https://openalex.org/W2210803143","https://openalex.org/W2217896605","https://openalex.org/W2514448153","https://openalex.org/W2962992847","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963296245","https://openalex.org/W2963542991","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W4294375521","https://openalex.org/W4316341759","https://openalex.org/W6600313631","https://openalex.org/W6603901725","https://openalex.org/W6620707391","https://openalex.org/W6628973269","https://openalex.org/W6630336748","https://openalex.org/W6631782140","https://openalex.org/W6632636493","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6638601408","https://openalex.org/W6639204139","https://openalex.org/W6639569854","https://openalex.org/W6640527298","https://openalex.org/W6640759364","https://openalex.org/W6640835329","https://openalex.org/W6640973696","https://openalex.org/W6667689585","https://openalex.org/W6674914833","https://openalex.org/W6675026286","https://openalex.org/W6679349572","https://openalex.org/W6679400994","https://openalex.org/W6682160716","https://openalex.org/W6682778277","https://openalex.org/W6683411478","https://openalex.org/W6683809495","https://openalex.org/W6684117275","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6684491705","https://openalex.org/W6688086715","https://openalex.org/W6703839260","https://openalex.org/W6726706299","https://openalex.org/W6733355355","https://openalex.org/W6785652829"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2493838176","https://openalex.org/W4297686120","https://openalex.org/W4376620596","https://openalex.org/W3177249605","https://openalex.org/W2534152068","https://openalex.org/W4299545679","https://openalex.org/W3138508047","https://openalex.org/W1972515067","https://openalex.org/W1689909837","https://openalex.org/W4293054914"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0,30,87],"facilitate":[1],"object":[2,10,15,146],"localization,":[3],"the":[4,28,71,89,92,101,122,155,165,170,175],"existing":[5,144],"convolutional":[6],"neural":[7],"network":[8],"(CNN)-based":[9],"detection":[11,147,156],"often":[12],"requires":[13],"an":[14,82,107],"proposal":[16],"method,":[17],"which,":[18,43],"however,":[19],"may":[20],"produce":[21],"inaccurate":[22],"region":[23,57],"proposals":[24,58],"and":[25,132,180],"thus":[26],"impact":[27],"performance.":[29],"overcome":[31],"this":[32,34],"setback,":[33],"paper":[35],"presents":[36],"a":[37,46,49,54,77,95,112],"novel":[38],"iterative":[39],"localization":[40],"refinement":[41,72],"method":[42,127,167],"undertaken":[44],"at":[45],"mid-layer":[47],"of":[48,56,91,103,134],"CNN":[50],"architecture,":[51],"progressively":[52],"refines":[53],"subset":[55],"in":[59],"order":[60],"to":[61,119,153],"match":[62],"as":[63,66,150],"much":[64],"ground-truth":[65],"possible.":[67],"In":[68],"each":[69],"iteration,":[70],"task":[73],"is":[74,98,116,128],"cast":[75],"into":[76],"probabilistic":[78],"framework":[79],"based":[80,110],"on":[81,111,174],"ingeniously":[83],"devised":[84],"probability":[85,93],"function.":[86],"expedite":[88],"computation":[90],"function,":[94],"divide-and-conquer":[96],"paradigm":[97],"developed":[99],"by":[100],"theorem":[102],"total":[104],"probability.":[105],"Moreover,":[106],"approximate":[108],"variant":[109],"refined":[113],"sampling":[114],"strategy":[115],"also":[117,139],"addressed":[118],"further":[120],"reduce":[121],"complexity.":[123],"The":[124],"proposed":[125,166],"ILR":[126],"not":[129],"only":[130],"data-driven":[131],"free":[133],"learning,":[135],"but":[136],"it":[137],"can":[138,168],"be":[140],"incorporated":[141],"with":[142],"many":[143],"CNN-based":[145],"algorithms,":[148],"such":[149],"Faster":[151],"R-CNN":[152],"enhance":[154],"accuracy":[157],"without":[158],"changing":[159],"their":[160],"configurations.":[161],"Simulations":[162],"show":[163],"that":[164],"improve":[169],"main":[171],"state-of-the-art":[172],"works":[173],"PASCAL":[176],"VOC":[177],"2007,":[178],"2012":[179],"Youtube-Objects":[181],"data":[182],"sets.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}