{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2516176725","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2016.2596158","title":"L1-Norm Distance Linear Discriminant Analysis Based on an Effective Iterative Algorithm","display_name":"L1-Norm Distance Linear Discriminant Analysis Based on an Effective Iterative Algorithm","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-08-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2516176725","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2016.2596158","mag":"2516176725"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2016.2596158","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2016.2596158","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039671101","display_name":"Qiaolin Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8793-8610"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167027274","display_name":"Nanjing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/03m96p165","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167027274"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qiaolin Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167027274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100726984","display_name":"Jian Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4800-832X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100371024","display_name":"Fan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8746-9845"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer and Information, Hohai University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information, Hohai University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101832764","display_name":"Chunxia Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6134-4251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunxia Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100718480","display_name":"Ning Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7249-8352"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167027274","display_name":"Nanjing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/03m96p165","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167027274"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167027274"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100674903","display_name":"Tongming Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-6193"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167027274","display_name":"Nanjing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/03m96p165","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167027274"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tongming Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167027274"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039671101"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167027274"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.59,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":130,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9897867,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"1","first_page":"114","last_page":"129"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11871","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","score":0.7482531666755676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier","display_name":"Outlier","score":0.6166675686836243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimax","display_name":"Minimax","score":0.6070126891136169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.5999366044998169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5781769752502441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-method","display_name":"Iterative method","score":0.5601175427436829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/norm","display_name":"Norm (philosophy)","score":0.5339708924293518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5205832123756409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5148776769638062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-norm","display_name":"Matrix norm","score":0.445745587348938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4342687129974365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.42128533124923706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3988710045814514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eigenvalues-and-eigenvectors","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","score":0.08555591106414795}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.7482531666755676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.6166675686836243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149728462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q751319","display_name":"Minimax","level":2,"score":0.6070126891136169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.5999366044998169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5781769752502441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159694833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2321565","display_name":"Iterative method","level":2,"score":0.5601175427436829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191795146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3878446","display_name":"Norm (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5339708924293518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5205832123756409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5148776769638062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92207270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q939253","display_name":"Matrix norm","level":3,"score":0.445745587348938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4342687129974365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.42128533124923706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3988710045814514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.08555591106414795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2016.2596158","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2016.2596158","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3891020594","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61272220","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4765404131","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61101197","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4809790333","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"14KJB520018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6098392286","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61401214","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8730729987","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"31125008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334953","funder_display_name":"China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334953","display_name":"China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists","ror":"https://ror.org/01pab2602"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W147992333","https://openalex.org/W191001584","https://openalex.org/W1499586235","https://openalex.org/W1967086152","https://openalex.org/W1974573780","https://openalex.org/W1989267105","https://openalex.org/W1992633833","https://openalex.org/W1997011019","https://openalex.org/W1997201895","https://openalex.org/W1999772635","https://openalex.org/W2008277111","https://openalex.org/W2023717039","https://openalex.org/W2036295561","https://openalex.org/W2036926179","https://openalex.org/W2037227137","https://openalex.org/W2046649434","https://openalex.org/W2053090063","https://openalex.org/W2055427303","https://openalex.org/W2065180801","https://openalex.org/W2066576934","https://openalex.org/W2076019763","https://openalex.org/W2076094332","https://openalex.org/W2076363162","https://openalex.org/W2098004870","https://openalex.org/W2098884960","https://openalex.org/W2101117936","https://openalex.org/W2102544846","https://openalex.org/W2105842272","https://openalex.org/W2106253207","https://openalex.org/W2109531142","https://openalex.org/W2117553576","https://openalex.org/W2121209008","https://openalex.org/W2121647436","https://openalex.org/W2135081536","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2141595746","https://openalex.org/W2151416140","https://openalex.org/W2163406054","https://openalex.org/W2164071167","https://openalex.org/W2166096038","https://openalex.org/W2166693468","https://openalex.org/W2170858770","https://openalex.org/W2171022634","https://openalex.org/W2171837816","https://openalex.org/W2279365017","https://openalex.org/W3005272312","https://openalex.org/W3014771378","https://openalex.org/W3023608713","https://openalex.org/W4238240379","https://openalex.org/W6605914596","https://openalex.org/W6630035464","https://openalex.org/W6675479683","https://openalex.org/W6675783020","https://openalex.org/W6676189307","https://openalex.org/W6678375360","https://openalex.org/W6679749283","https://openalex.org/W6684134493","https://openalex.org/W6685181070","https://openalex.org/W6685372642","https://openalex.org/W6697071071"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2016058626","https://openalex.org/W2474724840","https://openalex.org/W2895916002","https://openalex.org/W1530911128","https://openalex.org/W1814049089","https://openalex.org/W1570812264","https://openalex.org/W2369683208","https://openalex.org/W2084836983","https://openalex.org/W1977348009","https://openalex.org/W2362133437"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"works":[1],"have":[2],"proposed":[3,52],"two":[4],"L1-norm":[5,99,112],"distance":[6],"measure-based":[7],"linear":[8],"discriminant":[9],"analysis":[10],"(LDA)":[11],"methods,":[12],"L1-LD":[13],"and":[14,123,130],"LDA-L1,":[15,29],"which":[16],"aim":[17],"to":[18,53,65,95],"promote":[19],"the":[20,23,41,66,80,83,105,121],"robustness":[21],"of":[22,43,68,82,125],"conventional":[24],"LDA":[25,114],"against":[26],"outliers.":[27],"In":[28,45,57],"a":[30,97,110],"gradient":[31],"ascending":[32],"iterative":[33,93],"algorithm":[34,127],"is":[35,51,72],"applied,":[36],"which,":[37],"however,":[38,60],"suffers":[39],"from":[40],"choice":[42],"stepwise.":[44],"L1-LDA,":[46],"an":[47,91],"alternating":[48],"optimization":[49],"strategy":[50],"overcome":[54],"this":[55,58,69],"problem.":[56,102],"paper,":[59],"we":[61,89,107],"show":[62],"that":[63,78],"due":[64],"use":[67],"strategy,":[70],"L1-LDA":[71],"accompanied":[73],"with":[74],"some":[75],"serious":[76],"problems":[77],"hinder":[79],"derivation":[81],"optimal":[84],"discrimination":[85],"for":[86],"data.":[87],"Then,":[88],"propose":[90],"effective":[92,111],"framework":[94],"solve":[96],"general":[98],"minimization-maximization":[100],"(minmax)":[101],"Based":[103],"on":[104,137],"framework,":[106],"further":[108,131],"develop":[109],"distance-based":[113],"(called":[115],"L1-ELDA)":[116],"method.":[117],"Theoretical":[118],"insights":[119],"into":[120],"convergence":[122],"effectiveness":[124],"our":[126],"are":[128],"provided":[129],"verified":[132],"by":[133],"extensive":[134],"experimental":[135],"results":[136],"image":[138],"databases.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}