{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2048265462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2011.2160750","title":"Color-Decoupled Photo Response Non-Uniformity for Digital Image Forensics","display_name":"Color-Decoupled Photo Response Non-Uniformity for Digital Image Forensics","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-06-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2048265462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2011.2160750","mag":"2048265462"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2011.2160750","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2011.2160750","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075200053","display_name":"Chang\u2010Tsun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4735-6138"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang-Tsun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK","Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick Coventry, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick Coventry, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100623664","display_name":"Yue Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7112-7576"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","College of Software, NanKai University, TianJin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, NanKai University, TianJin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.7573,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":124,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96810046,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"2","first_page":"260","last_page":"271"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7184468507766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.6710357666015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6589232683181763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6331672668457031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demosaicing","display_name":"Demosaicing","score":0.6240385174751282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpolation","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","score":0.5495513677597046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-filter-array","display_name":"Color filter array","score":0.5322990417480469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","score":0.515363872051239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5000593662261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-image","display_name":"Color image","score":0.3710823357105255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.33360540866851807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.28180480003356934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.21379625797271729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-gel","display_name":"Color gel","score":0.18487584590911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.08697035908699036}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7184468507766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.6710357666015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6589232683181763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6331672668457031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27624317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263499","display_name":"Demosaicing","level":5,"score":0.6240385174751282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137800194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11713455","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.5495513677597046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177299597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2468214","display_name":"Color filter array","level":5,"score":0.5322990417480469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.515363872051239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5000593662261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142616399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5148604","display_name":"Color image","level":4,"score":0.3710823357105255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33360540866851807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.28180480003356934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.21379625797271729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142771000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435398","display_name":"Color gel","level":4,"score":0.18487584590911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.08697035908699036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87359718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1271916","display_name":"Thin-film transistor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2011.2160750","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2011.2160750","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:wrap.warwick.ac.uk:48171","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400665","display_name":"Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","host_organization_name":"University of Warwick","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W242957904","https://openalex.org/W1487646846","https://openalex.org/W1489272058","https://openalex.org/W1500083872","https://openalex.org/W1517606245","https://openalex.org/W1564500126","https://openalex.org/W1582353469","https://openalex.org/W1589439259","https://openalex.org/W1848821927","https://openalex.org/W1970928574","https://openalex.org/W1978579119","https://openalex.org/W1981938423","https://openalex.org/W1984038043","https://openalex.org/W2019256825","https://openalex.org/W2034816883","https://openalex.org/W2035192779","https://openalex.org/W2038425697","https://openalex.org/W2044485896","https://openalex.org/W2073257291","https://openalex.org/W2078466025","https://openalex.org/W2093512257","https://openalex.org/W2096754397","https://openalex.org/W2096933931","https://openalex.org/W2098599422","https://openalex.org/W2106111212","https://openalex.org/W2108243386","https://openalex.org/W2109327305","https://openalex.org/W2117396329","https://openalex.org/W2124695272","https://openalex.org/W2124929806","https://openalex.org/W2129240197","https://openalex.org/W2137307921","https://openalex.org/W2137962663","https://openalex.org/W2148351147","https://openalex.org/W2154889936","https://openalex.org/W2155180118","https://openalex.org/W2156238933","https://openalex.org/W2162192649","https://openalex.org/W2164204811","https://openalex.org/W2167663652","https://openalex.org/W2168561137","https://openalex.org/W2168572315","https://openalex.org/W2483907822","https://openalex.org/W4210764419","https://openalex.org/W4255023712","https://openalex.org/W6629760110"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2089632803","https://openalex.org/W2150108628","https://openalex.org/W2912846428","https://openalex.org/W2152320530","https://openalex.org/W2126841226","https://openalex.org/W2126994945","https://openalex.org/W2153334393","https://openalex.org/W2792690686","https://openalex.org/W2887601438","https://openalex.org/W1997784530"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,153],"last":[1],"few":[2],"years":[3],"have":[4],"seen":[5],"the":[6,36,48,59,74,79,88,96,100,116,147,158,165,172,178,183],"use":[7,37],"of":[8,17,38,47,157,185],"photo":[9],"response":[10],"non-uniformity":[11],"noise":[12,149,155,174],"(PRNU),":[13],"a":[14,39,129],"unique":[15],"fingerprint":[16],"imaging":[18],"sensors,":[19],"in":[20],"various":[21],"digital":[22],"forensic":[23],"applications":[24],"such":[25],"as":[26],"source":[27],"device":[28,186],"identification,":[29],"content":[30,190],"integrity":[31,191],"verification,":[32],"and":[33,144,188],"authentication.":[34],"However,":[35],"color":[40,50,55,80,139],"filter":[41],"array":[42],"for":[43,62,69],"capturing":[44],"only":[45],"one":[46],"three":[49],"components":[51],"per":[52],"pixel":[53],"introduces":[54],"interpolation":[56,81,107,121,173],"noise,":[57,108],"while":[58],"existing":[60],"methods":[61],"extracting":[63],"PRNU":[64,97,131,148,154],"provide":[65],"no":[66],"effective":[67],"means":[68],"addressing":[70],"this":[71,125],"issue.":[72],"Because":[73],"artificial":[75,117],"colors":[76],"obtained":[77],"through":[78],"process":[82],"are":[83,104,160],"not":[84],"directly":[85],"acquired":[86],"from":[87,99,106,115,150,175],"scene":[89],"by":[90],"physical":[91,101,179],"hardware,":[92],"we":[93,127],"expect":[94],"that":[95,114],"extracted":[98],"components,":[102,180],"which":[103,119,135],"free":[105],"should":[109],"be":[110],"more":[111],"reliable":[112],"than":[113],"channels,":[118],"carry":[120],"noise.":[122],"Based":[123],"on":[124],"assumption":[126],"propose":[128],"couple-decoupled":[130],"(CD-PRNU)":[132],"extraction":[133],"method,":[134],"first":[136],"decomposes":[137],"each":[138,151],"channel":[140],"into":[141,177],"four":[142],"sub-images":[143,159],"then":[145,161],"extracts":[146],"sub-image.":[152],"patterns":[156],"assembled":[162],"to":[163],"get":[164],"CD-PRNU.":[166],"This":[167],"new":[168],"method":[169],"can":[170],"prevent":[171],"propagating":[176],"thus":[181],"improving":[182],"accuracy":[184],"identification":[187],"image":[189],"verification.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}