{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2120320187","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2009.2017417","title":"Fast Variable Padding Motion Estimation Using Smart Zero Motion Prejudgment Technique for Pixel and Frequency Domains","display_name":"Fast Variable Padding Motion Estimation Using Smart Zero Motion Prejudgment Technique for Pixel and Frequency Domains","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-03-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2120320187","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2009.2017417","mag":"2120320187"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2009.2017417","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2009.2017417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091466829","display_name":"Yasser Ismail","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6648-6275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79516672","display_name":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/01x8rc503","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799628689","https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Y. Ismail","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA, USA","University of Louisiana at Lafayette Lafayette, LA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79516672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette Lafayette, LA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040123767","display_name":"Mohamed El\u2010Gamel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2159-6619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79516672","display_name":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/01x8rc503","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799628689","https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.A. Elgamel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA, USA","University of Louisiana at Lafayette Lafayette, LA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79516672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette Lafayette, LA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010023744","display_name":"Magdy Bayoumi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0630-5273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79516672","display_name":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/01x8rc503","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799628689","https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.A. Bayoumi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA, USA","University of Louisiana at Lafayette Lafayette, LA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79516672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette Lafayette, LA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091466829"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79516672"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1148,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87207414,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"5","first_page":"609","last_page":"626"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7397225499153137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-estimation","display_name":"Motion estimation","score":0.6340991258621216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.6220325231552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/padding","display_name":"Padding","score":0.5664033889770508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.5658050775527954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-vector","display_name":"Motion vector","score":0.5609200596809387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.5601967573165894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.5456554889678955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.5027365684509277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peak-signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Peak signal-to-noise ratio","score":0.48237958550453186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.47307950258255005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4535468816757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain","display_name":"Frequency domain","score":0.4438975155353546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.36358773708343506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.32605618238449097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20469161868095398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.14774346351623535}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7397225499153137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10161872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557891","display_name":"Motion estimation","level":2,"score":0.6340991258621216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.6220325231552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165435473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509884","display_name":"Padding","level":2,"score":0.5664033889770508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.5658050775527954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779020251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3555171","display_name":"Motion vector","level":3,"score":0.5609200596809387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.5601967573165894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5456554889678955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5027365684509277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154579607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3373850","display_name":"Peak signal-to-noise ratio","level":3,"score":0.48237958550453186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.47307950258255005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4535468816757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.4438975155353546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36358773708343506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.32605618238449097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20469161868095398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.14774346351623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2009.2017417","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2009.2017417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310586","display_name":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/01x8rc503"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W178701193","https://openalex.org/W832984975","https://openalex.org/W1520822062","https://openalex.org/W1569235285","https://openalex.org/W1629654683","https://openalex.org/W1879721968","https://openalex.org/W1902622700","https://openalex.org/W1989171781","https://openalex.org/W1994685695","https://openalex.org/W2002806713","https://openalex.org/W2037113096","https://openalex.org/W2062159392","https://openalex.org/W2097021739","https://openalex.org/W2097787789","https://openalex.org/W2100145287","https://openalex.org/W2101700394","https://openalex.org/W2104480983","https://openalex.org/W2106219841","https://openalex.org/W2116060044","https://openalex.org/W2126674202","https://openalex.org/W2127403362","https://openalex.org/W2127987138","https://openalex.org/W2128519536","https://openalex.org/W2129242325","https://openalex.org/W2133770830","https://openalex.org/W2136753421","https://openalex.org/W2140199336","https://openalex.org/W2141109916","https://openalex.org/W2144788356","https://openalex.org/W2144820986","https://openalex.org/W2145251738","https://openalex.org/W2152716869","https://openalex.org/W2158453800","https://openalex.org/W2161465764","https://openalex.org/W2165092328","https://openalex.org/W2167153142","https://openalex.org/W2276329208","https://openalex.org/W2541133146","https://openalex.org/W3159779044","https://openalex.org/W6607201821","https://openalex.org/W6639194264","https://openalex.org/W6794991757"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W839483973","https://openalex.org/W1604953040","https://openalex.org/W4241657933","https://openalex.org/W1969136679","https://openalex.org/W2123542128","https://openalex.org/W4250500397","https://openalex.org/W2156379140","https://openalex.org/W2114935989","https://openalex.org/W2380461545","https://openalex.org/W2372787472"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Motion":[0],"estimation":[1],"(ME)":[2],"plays":[3],"an":[4,44,250],"important":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7,130,142,153,188,203,255,268,278,298],"modern":[8],"video":[9],"coders":[10],"since":[11],"it":[12],"consumes":[13],"approximately":[14,184],"60-80%":[15],"of":[16,100,136,155,218,253],"the":[17,33,62,78,82,98,105,121,131,137,144,149,175,193,205,208,212,216,219,233,259,269,274,283,287,292],"entire":[18],"encoder's":[19],"computations.":[20],"In":[21],"this":[22],"paper,":[23],"three":[24,114],"novel":[25,289],"techniques":[26,115,139,221,290],"are":[27,116,224],"proposed":[28,57,94,138,176,220,288],"to":[29,58,95,120,182,192,273,282,291,296],"effectively":[30,42],"speed":[31],"up":[32,295],"ME":[34,91,123,132,147,152,178,189,198,229,256,266,299],"process.":[35,85,133],"First,":[36],"a":[37,51,69,87,125,185],"smart":[38],"prediction":[39],"technique":[40,55,92,179,230,277],"for":[41,81,104,108,124],"deciding":[43],"initial":[45],"search":[46,106,196],"center":[47],"is":[48,56,93,140,180,247],"proposed.":[49],"Second,":[50],"zero":[52],"motion":[53,72],"prejudgment":[54],"accurately":[59],"decide":[60],"whether":[61],"pre-estimated":[63],"ISC":[64],"can":[65],"be":[66],"considered":[67],"as":[68,232],"best":[70],"match":[71],"vector":[73],"(MV)":[74],"and":[75,118,148,167,207],"consequently":[76],"save":[77],"required":[79,103],"computations":[80],"MV":[83],"refinement":[84],"Finally,":[86],"variable":[88],"padding":[89,101],"pixels":[90,102],"adaptively":[96],"determine":[97],"number":[99],"window":[107],"more":[109],"computational":[110,127,165],"cost":[111],"savings.":[112],"The":[113,134],"combined":[117,225],"applied":[119],"block-based":[122,197,228],"superior":[126],"complexity":[128],"savings":[129,252],"performance":[135],"tested":[141],"both":[143,204],"pixel":[145,279],"domain":[146,151,271],"frequency":[150,270],"terms":[154],"their":[156,164,168],"quantitative":[157],"visual":[158],"quality":[159],"(peak":[160],"signal-to-noise":[161],"ratio,":[162],"PSNR),":[163],"complexity,":[166],"bit":[169,209],"rate.":[170,210],"Experimental":[171,241],"results":[172,214,242],"demonstrate":[173,244],"that":[174,245],"fast":[177,234],"able":[181],"achieve":[183],"99.4%":[186],"reduction":[187],"time":[190,257],"compared":[191,272],"conventional":[194,260,275,284],"full":[195],"(FSSBB-ME)":[199],"with":[200,226],"negligible":[201],"degradation":[202],"PSNR":[206],"Additionally,":[211],"experimental":[213],"prove":[215],"effectiveness":[217],"if":[222],"they":[223],"any":[227],"such":[231],"extended":[235],"diamond":[236],"enhanced":[237],"predictive":[238],"zonal":[239],"search.":[240],"also":[243],"there":[246],"at":[248],"least":[249],"additional":[251],"72%":[254],"using":[258],"discrete":[261],"cosine":[262],"transform":[263],"phase":[264],"correlation":[265],"(DCT-PC-ME)":[267],"FSBB-ME":[276],"domain.":[280],"Compared":[281],"DCT-PC-ME,":[285],"applying":[286],"DCT-PC-ME":[293],"saves":[294],"89%":[297],"time.":[300]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}