{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392931795","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2024.3373228","title":"A Pontryagin Principle-Based Frequency Governor for Constrained Computing Systems","display_name":"A Pontryagin Principle-Based Frequency Governor for Constrained Computing Systems","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392931795","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2024.3373228"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcst.2024.3373228","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2024.3373228","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133363738","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","issn_l":"1063-6536","issn":["1063-6536","1558-0865","2374-0159"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078955137","display_name":"Sachit Rao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6188-5290"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181514455","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/05h9eqy10","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181514455"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sachit Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Institute of Information Technology Bangalore (IIIT-B), Bangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6188-5290","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Institute of Information Technology Bangalore (IIIT-B), Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181514455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094186400","display_name":"Nishant Malpani","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nishant Malpani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aeva Perception, Bangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aeva Perception, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055571512","display_name":"Shrisha Rao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0625-5103"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181514455","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/05h9eqy10","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181514455"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shrisha Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Institute of Information Technology Bangalore (IIIT-B), Bangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0625-5103","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Institute of Information Technology Bangalore (IIIT-B), Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181514455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02906177,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"4","first_page":"1442","last_page":"1450"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/governor","display_name":"Governor","score":0.9038902521133423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pontryagins-minimum-principle","display_name":"Pontryagin's minimum principle","score":0.7525947093963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4929902255535126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.41344571113586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.38635164499282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.3204808235168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.2977081835269928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-control","display_name":"Optimal control","score":0.2193709909915924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18976277112960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15863803029060364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.12238529324531555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.11635348200798035}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781233147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3229617","display_name":"Governor","level":2,"score":0.9038902521133423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141803461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3491629","display_name":"Pontryagin's minimum principle","level":3,"score":0.7525947093963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4929902255535126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.41344571113586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38635164499282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.3204808235168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.2977081835269928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91575142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971426","display_name":"Optimal control","level":2,"score":0.2193709909915924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18976277112960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15863803029060364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.12238529324531555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.11635348200798035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcst.2024.3373228","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2024.3373228","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133363738","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","issn_l":"1063-6536","issn":["1063-6536","1558-0865","2374-0159"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W124292005","https://openalex.org/W1483197604","https://openalex.org/W1971216521","https://openalex.org/W1973923004","https://openalex.org/W1986373871","https://openalex.org/W1997643576","https://openalex.org/W1999248681","https://openalex.org/W2003490138","https://openalex.org/W2005012890","https://openalex.org/W2030810346","https://openalex.org/W2055429795","https://openalex.org/W2067500286","https://openalex.org/W2070525241","https://openalex.org/W2097190088","https://openalex.org/W2098432798","https://openalex.org/W2107097845","https://openalex.org/W2108387401","https://openalex.org/W2116785402","https://openalex.org/W2144123717","https://openalex.org/W2152385649","https://openalex.org/W2172016740","https://openalex.org/W2277378112","https://openalex.org/W2285024500","https://openalex.org/W2407893736","https://openalex.org/W2460751481","https://openalex.org/W2572533056","https://openalex.org/W2907215724","https://openalex.org/W3007843634","https://openalex.org/W4238858962","https://openalex.org/W4248204876","https://openalex.org/W4361794133"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2364421152","https://openalex.org/W2350316906","https://openalex.org/W2362311891","https://openalex.org/W2353428922","https://openalex.org/W2155570364","https://openalex.org/W2099688617","https://openalex.org/W2382143911","https://openalex.org/W2382810175","https://openalex.org/W4255895656"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Management":[0],"of":[1,127,139,164,188,216,286],"power":[2,11,96,147],"is":[3,12,35,50,82,105,233,252,257],"a":[4,46,109,121,165,175],"crucial":[5],"problem":[6],"in":[7,43,213,242,273],"computing":[8,290],"systems":[9],"where":[10],"finite,":[13],"processor":[14,71],"performance":[15,31],"and":[16,21,32,52,95,149,154,184,209,222,263],"energy":[17,33,210,237],"needs":[18],"are":[19,63,130,226],"high,":[20],"thermal":[22,94],"constraints":[23,90,98],"have":[24],"to":[25,65,77,99,235,259,266,279],"be":[26,100,277],"respected.":[27],"The":[28,124,270],"trade-off":[29],"between":[30],"expenditure":[34],"well":[36,92,179],"recognized.":[37],"To":[38],"satisfy":[39],"these":[40,248],"conflicting":[41],"requirements,":[42],"this":[44,128,274],"article,":[45],"dynamic":[47,137],"system":[48,88],"framework":[49,119],"adopted,":[51],"results":[53,229],"from":[54,200],"optimal":[55,281],"control":[56],"theory,":[57],"notably":[58],"Pontryagin\u2019s":[59],"Minimum":[60],"Principle":[61],"(PMP),":[62],"applied":[64,278],"derive":[66],"an":[67,133,140,189,240],"energy-optimal":[68],"(EO)":[69],"time-varying":[70],"speed":[72],"law,":[73],"or":[74,288],"frequency":[75,156,168,197],"governor,":[76],"execute":[78],"assigned":[79],"tasks.":[80],"PMP":[81,262],"chosen":[83],"as":[84,91,93,151,157,178,180],"it":[85,232,251,256],"allows":[86],"for":[87,283],"input":[89],"budget":[97],"considered;":[101],"the":[102,117,152,158,161,171,181,192,196,214,261],"PMP-based":[103,166],"governor":[104,169],"also":[106,253],"compared":[107],"with":[108,143,239],"Model":[110],"Predictive":[111],"Controller":[112],"(MPC)":[113],"implemented":[114],"by":[115],"following":[116],"Explicit-MPC":[118,190],"using":[120,195],"linear":[122,176,201],"model.":[123],"main":[125],"contributions":[126],"article":[129,275],"1)":[131],"determining":[132],"empirical":[134],"time-invariant":[135],"nonlinear":[136,182],"model":[138,177,202],"Intel":[141],"CPU":[142,172],"task":[144,206,243],"execution":[145,215,244],"rate,":[146],"consumption,":[148],"temperature":[150],"outputs,":[153],"clock":[155,167],"input;":[159],"2)":[160],"Linux":[162],"implementation":[163,187],"on":[170,174,191,205],"based":[173],"model;":[183],"3)":[185],"hardware":[186],"same":[193],"platform":[194],"schedule":[198],"derived":[199],"simulations.":[203],"Limits":[204],"completion":[207],"times":[208],"savings":[211],"achieved":[212],"three":[217],"benchmark":[218,249],"tasks:":[219],"MiBench,":[220],"LINPACK,":[221],"Sorting":[223],"positive":[224],"integers,":[225],"presented.":[227],"Experimental":[228],"show":[230],"that":[231,255],"possible":[234,258],"reduce":[236],"consumption":[238],"increase":[241],"time":[245],"while":[246],"executing":[247],"tasks;":[250],"shown":[254],"tune":[260],"MPC":[264],"parameters":[265],"obtain":[267],"similar":[268],"performances.":[269],"approach":[271],"presented":[272],"can":[276],"design":[280],"controllers":[282],"other":[284],"types":[285],"stand-alone":[287],"heterogeneous":[289],"systems.":[291]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-25T23:11:45.687758","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}