{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2417776894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2016.2565382","title":"A Hierarchical Algorithm for Integrated Scheduling and Control With Applications to Power Systems","display_name":"A Hierarchical Algorithm for Integrated Scheduling and Control With Applications to Power Systems","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-06-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2417776894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2016.2565382","mag":"2417776894"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcst.2016.2565382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2016.2565382","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133363738","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","issn_l":"1063-6536","issn":["1063-6536","1558-0865","2374-0159"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/6fca65e8-6f75-4982-8c99-99d0768829c3","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056677201","display_name":"Leo Emil Sokoler","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35570632","display_name":"\u00d8rsted (Denmark)","ror":"https://ror.org/02as34v38","country_code":"DK","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35570632"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Leo Emil Sokoler","raw_affiliation_strings":["DONG Energy, Virum, Denmark","Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DONG Energy, Virum, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35570632"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078612156","display_name":"Peter Juhler Dinesen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Juhler Dinesen","raw_affiliation_strings":["PA Consulting Group, Copenhagen, Denmark","Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PA Consulting Group, Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050946774","display_name":"John Bagterp J\u00f8rgensen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9799-2808"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Bagterp Jorgensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056677201"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35570632","https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2497,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92094549,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"2","first_page":"590","last_page":"599"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11053","display_name":"Process Optimization and Integration","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.6713413596153259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6252495050430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.6071669459342957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5715819001197815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-priority-scheduling","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","score":0.5640144944190979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fair-share-scheduling","display_name":"Fair-share scheduling","score":0.5185918807983398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/round-robin-scheduling","display_name":"Round-robin scheduling","score":0.47202959656715393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gain-scheduling","display_name":"Gain scheduling","score":0.4470304846763611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-predictive-control","display_name":"Model predictive control","score":0.41783463954925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39704447984695435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2278820276260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.18161845207214355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.6713413596153259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6252495050430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.6071669459342957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5715819001197815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107568181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5319000","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","level":3,"score":0.5640144944190979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31689143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q733809","display_name":"Fair-share scheduling","level":3,"score":0.5185918807983398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175893541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196582","display_name":"Round-robin scheduling","level":4,"score":0.47202959656715393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97090092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764612","display_name":"Gain scheduling","level":3,"score":0.4470304846763611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172205157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1782962","display_name":"Model predictive control","level":3,"score":0.41783463954925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39704447984695435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2278820276260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.18161845207214355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcst.2016.2565382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2016.2565382","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133363738","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","issn_l":"1063-6536","issn":["1063-6536","1558-0865","2374-0159"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/6fca65e8-6f75-4982-8c99-99d0768829c3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/6fca65e8-6f75-4982-8c99-99d0768829c3","pdf_url":"https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/6fca65e8-6f75-4982-8c99-99d0768829c3","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400705","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Denmark","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sokoler , L E , Dinesen , P J & J\u00f8rgensen , J B 2016 , ' A Hierarchical Algorithm for Integrated Scheduling and Control With Applications to Power Systems ' , IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology , vol. 25 , no. 2 , pp. 590-599 . https://doi.org/10.1109/TCST.2016.2565382","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/6fca65e8-6f75-4982-8c99-99d0768829c3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/6fca65e8-6f75-4982-8c99-99d0768829c3","pdf_url":"https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/6fca65e8-6f75-4982-8c99-99d0768829c3","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400705","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Denmark","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sokoler , L E , Dinesen , P J & J\u00f8rgensen , J B 2016 , ' A Hierarchical Algorithm for Integrated Scheduling and Control With Applications to Power Systems ' , IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology , vol. 25 , no. 2 , pp. 590-599 . https://doi.org/10.1109/TCST.2016.2565382","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6573887424","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1305-00027B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309756","funder_display_name":"Strategiske Forskningsr\u00e5d"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309756","display_name":"Strategiske Forskningsr\u00e5d","ror":"https://ror.org/03ge1nb22"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2417776894.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2417776894.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4659064","https://openalex.org/W65587653","https://openalex.org/W142531173","https://openalex.org/W262383782","https://openalex.org/W633708014","https://openalex.org/W1483299780","https://openalex.org/W1504779366","https://openalex.org/W1526513341","https://openalex.org/W1538906861","https://openalex.org/W1555937370","https://openalex.org/W1571403844","https://openalex.org/W1584737477","https://openalex.org/W1605729888","https://openalex.org/W1964055714","https://openalex.org/W1964220071","https://openalex.org/W1967178780","https://openalex.org/W1978531916","https://openalex.org/W1978956894","https://openalex.org/W1978996402","https://openalex.org/W1982262527","https://openalex.org/W1994599305","https://openalex.org/W1998806195","https://openalex.org/W2002219970","https://openalex.org/W2007789597","https://openalex.org/W2015355851","https://openalex.org/W2021621589","https://openalex.org/W2021640788","https://openalex.org/W2045196211","https://openalex.org/W2081630890","https://openalex.org/W2085148928","https://openalex.org/W2088238154","https://openalex.org/W2091238875","https://openalex.org/W2095040497","https://openalex.org/W2102082242","https://openalex.org/W2108354097","https://openalex.org/W2109637926","https://openalex.org/W2110050136","https://openalex.org/W2112883920","https://openalex.org/W2120219219","https://openalex.org/W2129764375","https://openalex.org/W2136654005","https://openalex.org/W2138475205","https://openalex.org/W2150506037","https://openalex.org/W2154833789","https://openalex.org/W2160163636","https://openalex.org/W2161040592","https://openalex.org/W2162857388","https://openalex.org/W2169441901","https://openalex.org/W2173716267","https://openalex.org/W2481121431","https://openalex.org/W2591609848","https://openalex.org/W2749680651","https://openalex.org/W2891553636","https://openalex.org/W4249492311","https://openalex.org/W4300563763","https://openalex.org/W6602643565","https://openalex.org/W6629017113","https://openalex.org/W6631476487","https://openalex.org/W6633284034","https://openalex.org/W6734403958"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2184166483","https://openalex.org/W4386580182","https://openalex.org/W2225350526","https://openalex.org/W1545991362","https://openalex.org/W2397293317","https://openalex.org/W4386128920","https://openalex.org/W4386764057","https://openalex.org/W2372008037","https://openalex.org/W2377713709","https://openalex.org/W2365679959"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,21,48,89,104,116,161],"contribution":[1],"of":[2,18,29,70,85,119,129,159,176],"this":[3],"paper":[4],"is":[5,24,123,166],"a":[6,25,54,67,95,101,113,139,169],"hierarchical":[7,82,147],"algorithm":[8,83,148],"for":[9],"integrated":[10],"scheduling":[11,40,49,72],"and":[12,33,73],"control":[13,17,45,74],"via":[14],"model":[15],"predictive":[16],"hybrid":[19],"systems.":[20],"controlled":[22],"system":[23,27,61],"linear":[26,97],"composed":[28],"continuous":[30],"control,":[31],"state,":[32],"output":[34],"variables.":[35],"Binary":[36],"variables":[37,75],"occur":[38],"as":[39],"decisions":[41,50],"in":[42,76,163,172],"the":[43,60,71,77,80,120,146,150,154,173],"optimal":[44],"problem":[46],"(OCP).":[47],"are":[51],"made":[52],"on":[53,138],"slow":[55],"time":[56,165],"scale":[57],"compared":[58],"with":[59,100,112],"dynamics.":[62],"This":[63],"gives":[64],"rise":[65],"to":[66,152],"temporal":[68],"separation":[69],"OCP.":[78],"Accordingly,":[79],"proposed":[81,121],"consists":[84],"two":[86],"optimization":[87],"levels.":[88],"upper":[90],"level":[91,106],"(scheduling":[92],"level)":[93,108],"solves":[94,109],"mixed-integer":[96],"program":[98],"(MILP)":[99],"low":[102],"frequency.":[103,115],"lower":[105],"(control":[107],"an":[110,130,134],"LP":[111,131],"high":[114],"main":[117],"advantage":[118],"approach":[122],"that":[124,145],"it":[125],"requires":[126],"online":[127],"solution":[128],"rather":[132],"than":[133],"MILP.":[135],"Simulations":[136],"based":[137],"power":[140],"portfolio":[141],"case":[142],"study":[143],"show":[144],"reduces":[149],"computation":[151,164],"solve":[153],"OCP":[155],"by":[156],"several":[157],"orders":[158],"magnitude.":[160],"improvement":[162],"achieved":[167],"without":[168],"significant":[170],"increase":[171],"overall":[174],"cost":[175],"operation.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}