{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2127053284","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2009.2018451","title":"Feedback Control Structures, Embedded Residual Signals, and Feedback Control Schemes With an Integrated Residual Access","display_name":"Feedback Control Structures, Embedded Residual Signals, and Feedback Control Schemes With an Integrated Residual Access","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2127053284","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2009.2018451","mag":"2127053284"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcst.2009.2018451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2009.2018451","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133363738","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","issn_l":"1063-6536","issn":["1063-6536","1558-0865","2374-0159"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046071840","display_name":"Steven X. Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5149-5918"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. X. Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automatic Control and Complex Systems (AKS), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany","Inst. for Autom. Control & Complex Syst., Univ. of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automatic Control and Complex Systems (AKS), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. for Autom. Control & Complex Syst., Univ. of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100723590","display_name":"Guichao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4164-7700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automatic Control and Complex Systems (AKS), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany","Inst. for Autom. Control & Complex Syst., Univ. of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automatic Control and Complex Systems (AKS), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. for Autom. Control & Complex Syst., Univ. of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000873881","display_name":"Ping Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9620-8193"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019562804","display_name":"BASF (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/002yzpx87","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019562804","https://openalex.org/I4210107087"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107087","display_name":"BASF (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/01q8f6705","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107087"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Automation Technology, BASF-SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany","Autom. Technol., BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Automation Technology, BASF-SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019562804","https://openalex.org/I4210107087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Autom. Technol., BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110263300","display_name":"E.L. Ding","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122778","display_name":"University of Applied Sciences for Public Administration and Management","ror":"https://ror.org/02qbcmz19","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122778"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152172","display_name":"Evangelische Kliniken Gelsenkirchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05fdgz909","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152172"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. L. Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences of Gelsenkirchen, Gelsenkirchen, Germany","Dept. of Phys. Eng., Univ. of Appl. Sci. Gelsenkirchen, Gelsenkirchen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences of Gelsenkirchen, Gelsenkirchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122778","https://openalex.org/I4210152172"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Phys. Eng., Univ. of Appl. Sci. Gelsenkirchen, Gelsenkirchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002598775","display_name":"Torsten Jeinsch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8287-2544"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137230718","display_name":"Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto und Verkehr (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4h9q86","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137230718"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Jeinsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Powertrain Mechatronics Development Gasoline Engines, IAV GmbH, Germany","Powertrain Mechatron. Dev. Gasoline Engines, IAV GmbH, Gifhorn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Powertrain Mechatronics Development Gasoline Engines, IAV GmbH, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137230718"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Powertrain Mechatron. Dev. Gasoline Engines, IAV GmbH, Gifhorn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137230718"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037937830","display_name":"Nick Weinhold","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137230718","display_name":"Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto und Verkehr (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4h9q86","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137230718"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Weinhold","raw_affiliation_strings":["Powertrain Mechatronics Development Gasoline Engines, IAV GmbH, Germany","Powertrain Mechatron. Dev. Gasoline Engines, IAV GmbH, Gifhorn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Powertrain Mechatronics Development Gasoline Engines, IAV GmbH, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137230718"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Powertrain Mechatron. Dev. Gasoline Engines, IAV GmbH, Gifhorn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137230718"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043541971","display_name":"Matthias Schultalbers","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137230718","display_name":"Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto und Verkehr (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4h9q86","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137230718"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Schultalbers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Powertrain Mechatronics Development Gasoline Engines, IAV GmbH, Germany","Powertrain Mechatron. Dev. Gasoline Engines, IAV GmbH, Gifhorn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Powertrain Mechatronics Development Gasoline Engines, IAV GmbH, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137230718"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Powertrain Mechatron. Dev. Gasoline Engines, IAV GmbH, Gifhorn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137230718"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.965,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":86,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9713774,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"2","first_page":"352","last_page":"367"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.8609427213668823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6509896516799927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.6070379614830017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.5977901816368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observer","display_name":"Observer (physics)","score":0.5476369857788086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5426604747772217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.46011286973953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4466248154640198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.4434511959552765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system","display_name":"Control system","score":0.4414674937725067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.43945837020874023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realization","display_name":"Realization (probability)","score":0.4140598773956299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3281216621398926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator","display_name":"Actuator","score":0.1489790380001068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13573819398880005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.12766706943511963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.09930765628814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09280124306678772}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.8609427213668823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6509896516799927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.6070379614830017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.5977901816368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780704645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9251458","display_name":"Observer (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5476369857788086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5426604747772217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.46011286973953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4466248154640198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.4434511959552765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.4414674937725067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.43945837020874023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.4140598773956299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3281216621398926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.1489790380001068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13573819398880005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.12766706943511963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.09930765628814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09280124306678772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcst.2009.2018451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2009.2018451","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133363738","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","issn_l":"1063-6536","issn":["1063-6536","1558-0865","2374-0159"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W108857541","https://openalex.org/W1490318080","https://openalex.org/W1490746760","https://openalex.org/W1490869634","https://openalex.org/W1500134124","https://openalex.org/W1510598017","https://openalex.org/W1538982093","https://openalex.org/W1552680854","https://openalex.org/W1560962433","https://openalex.org/W1579424694","https://openalex.org/W1588998206","https://openalex.org/W1592847587","https://openalex.org/W1654016072","https://openalex.org/W1995603189","https://openalex.org/W2079350180","https://openalex.org/W2079977533","https://openalex.org/W2101596788","https://openalex.org/W2109256846","https://openalex.org/W2151095931","https://openalex.org/W2171125116","https://openalex.org/W2172138119","https://openalex.org/W2273724604","https://openalex.org/W2283952362","https://openalex.org/W2332690036","https://openalex.org/W2341635303","https://openalex.org/W2610697289","https://openalex.org/W4234011532","https://openalex.org/W4252199061","https://openalex.org/W4300527793","https://openalex.org/W6704224559","https://openalex.org/W6737510954"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2022544890","https://openalex.org/W2394097730","https://openalex.org/W4312353617","https://openalex.org/W4385301753","https://openalex.org/W3186428265","https://openalex.org/W2171501125","https://openalex.org/W2617234683","https://openalex.org/W3121254296","https://openalex.org/W2060193301","https://openalex.org/W2375947351"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Driven":[0],"by":[1,24,135],"the":[2,6,13,25,29,42,46,59,75,92,104,139],"increasing":[3],"needs":[4],"for":[5],"integration":[7],"of":[8,58,68,74,106,109,138],"model-based":[9],"fault":[10,30],"diagnosis":[11],"into":[12],"electronic":[14],"control":[15,47,69,84,118,123,141],"units":[16],"(ECUs)":[17],"with":[18,125],"limited":[19],"computation":[20],"capacity":[21],"and":[22,77,88,95,120],"motivated":[23],"recent":[26],"study":[27],"on":[28],"tolerant":[31],"controller":[32,37,93],"architecture,":[33],"we":[34,52],"investigate":[35],"feedback":[36,140],"structures":[38,94],"aiming":[39],"at":[40],"accessing":[41],"residuals":[43],"embedded":[44,96],"in":[45,143],"loops.":[48],"For":[49],"this":[50,81],"purpose,":[51],"first":[53],"develop":[54],"an":[55,116,126],"observer-based":[56],"realization":[57],"Youla":[60],"parameterization.":[61],"This":[62],"result":[63],"reveals":[64],"a":[65,72],"new":[66],"interpretation":[67],"signals":[70,98,114],"as":[71],"composite":[73],"residual":[76,97,113,128],"reference":[78],"signals.":[79],"From":[80],"viewpoint,":[82],"different":[83],"schemes":[85],"are":[86,99,133],"studied":[87],"useful":[89],"relationships":[90],"between":[91],"established.":[100],"It":[101],"leads":[102],"to":[103],"development":[105],"two":[107,136],"kinds":[108],"schemes:":[110],"1)":[111],"extracting":[112],"from":[115],"existing":[117],"loop":[119],"2)":[121],"configuring":[122],"loops":[124,142],"integrated":[127],"access.":[129],"The":[130],"achieved":[131],"results":[132],"demonstrated":[134],"examples":[137],"engine":[144],"management":[145],"systems.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
