{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2162180205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2008.2000980","title":"A Decision Policy for the Routing and Munitions Management of Multiformations of Unmanned Combat Vehicles in Adversarial Urban Environments","display_name":"A Decision Policy for the Routing and Munitions Management of Multiformations of Unmanned Combat Vehicles in Adversarial Urban Environments","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2162180205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2008.2000980","mag":"2162180205"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcst.2008.2000980","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2008.2000980","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133363738","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","issn_l":"1063-6536","issn":["1063-6536","1558-0865","2374-0159"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030071272","display_name":"N. L\u00e9chevin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Lechevin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Numerical Technologies, Inc., Valcartier, QUE, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Numerical Technologies, Inc., Valcartier, QUE, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111896739","display_name":"C.A. Rabbath","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297460800","display_name":"Defence Research and Development Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/00hgy8d33","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297460800","https://openalex.org/I1336338359","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.A. Rabbath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Defence Research and Development Canada, QUE, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Defence Research and Development Canada, QUE, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297460800"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003936521","display_name":"Marc Lauzon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297460800","display_name":"Defence Research and Development Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/00hgy8d33","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297460800","https://openalex.org/I1336338359","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Lauzon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Defence Research and Development Canada, QUE, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Defence Research and Development Canada, QUE, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297460800"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6696,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91385122,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"3","first_page":"505","last_page":"519"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12158","display_name":"Guidance and Control Systems","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-decision-process","display_name":"Markov decision process","score":0.6496923565864563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.6114968061447144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.5603992342948914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.506213366985321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5037726759910583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendezvous","display_name":"Rendezvous","score":0.49457165598869324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4582471251487732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/command-and-control","display_name":"Command and control","score":0.4433450400829315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.4326878786087036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4302259087562561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4296254515647888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-programming","display_name":"Stochastic programming","score":0.42437565326690674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-control","display_name":"Stochastic control","score":0.4183771014213562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.34854617714881897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.33948177099227905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-control","display_name":"Optimal control","score":0.3225095272064209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15098589658737183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13348841667175293}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.6496923565864563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.6114968061447144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.5603992342948914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.506213366985321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5037726759910583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779968344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3932925","display_name":"Rendezvous","level":3,"score":0.49457165598869324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4582471251487732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506615639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21662260","display_name":"Command and control","level":2,"score":0.4433450400829315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.4326878786087036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4302259087562561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4296254515647888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137631369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617831","display_name":"Stochastic programming","level":2,"score":0.42437565326690674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170131372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617811","display_name":"Stochastic control","level":3,"score":0.4183771014213562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.34854617714881897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.33948177099227905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91575142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971426","display_name":"Optimal control","level":2,"score":0.3225095272064209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15098589658737183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13348841667175293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29829512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40218","display_name":"Spacecraft","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcst.2008.2000980","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2008.2000980","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133363738","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","issn_l":"1063-6536","issn":["1063-6536","1558-0865","2374-0159"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W74692038","https://openalex.org/W163688550","https://openalex.org/W1965878388","https://openalex.org/W1971739135","https://openalex.org/W2026847772","https://openalex.org/W2058267584","https://openalex.org/W2066767736","https://openalex.org/W2098432798","https://openalex.org/W2102488278","https://openalex.org/W2105850748","https://openalex.org/W2110310974","https://openalex.org/W2110878428","https://openalex.org/W2116614247","https://openalex.org/W2127415133","https://openalex.org/W2130548899","https://openalex.org/W2137064582","https://openalex.org/W2137642864","https://openalex.org/W2142942818","https://openalex.org/W2160643434","https://openalex.org/W2168003214","https://openalex.org/W2196620106","https://openalex.org/W2317355406","https://openalex.org/W2320734624","https://openalex.org/W2320794073","https://openalex.org/W2324139981","https://openalex.org/W2498694880","https://openalex.org/W2501236262","https://openalex.org/W2727450595","https://openalex.org/W6665211387","https://openalex.org/W6684770188","https://openalex.org/W6699531959"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2057371520","https://openalex.org/W2542862126","https://openalex.org/W2807763113","https://openalex.org/W2030068303","https://openalex.org/W1521763702","https://openalex.org/W2245527669","https://openalex.org/W937816491","https://openalex.org/W2014384045","https://openalex.org/W2078113993","https://openalex.org/W2019374575"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,76,110,172,209,223,259,276],"control":[1],"and":[2,25,39,62,72,145,211,220,285],"management":[3,64],"of":[4,32,69,79,88,92,106,163,175,198,217,227,242,255,266,279,288,297,317],"unmanned":[5],"combat":[6],"vehicles":[7],"(UCVs)":[8],"operating":[9],"in":[10,20,42,85,102,185,324],"an":[11,137,156,186,322],"adversarial":[12,138,157,290],"urban":[13,139],"environment":[14],"is":[15,56,98,161,231,238,271,293],"a":[16,48,127,183,234,243,253,267,298,307],"challenging":[17],"task":[18],"due,":[19],"part,":[21],"to":[22,58,120,252],"the":[23,29,35,40,66,70,73,80,103,107,114,152,176,195,202,204,207,215,228,264,283,286,289,315],"imperfect":[24,280],"incomplete":[26],"information":[27,281],"available,":[28],"conflicting":[30,67],"objectives":[31,68],"opposing":[33],"teams,":[34],"uncertain":[36],"stochastic":[37,74],"dynamics,":[38],"limitation":[41],"computational":[43],"capability.":[44],"In":[45],"this":[46],"paper,":[47],"decision":[49,54,82,261],"policy":[50,83,262,302],"built":[51],"upon":[52],"Markov":[53],"processes":[55],"proposed":[57,81,104],"provide":[59],"optimal":[60],"routing":[61],"munitions":[63,200],"despite":[65],"adversaries":[71],"dynamics.":[75],"main":[77],"novelty":[78],"lies":[84],"its":[86],"handling":[87],"multiple":[89],"UCV":[90,257],"formations":[91],"varying":[93],"dimensions.":[94],"This":[95],"multiformations":[96,205,318],"capability":[97],"explicitly":[99],"accounted":[100],"for":[101,118,273],"formulation":[105],"optimization":[108,187],"problem.":[109],"UCVs,":[111],"which":[112,160,237,270],"constitute":[113],"blue":[115,177,210,229],"team,":[116,159],"have":[117],"objective":[119,174,226],"reach":[121,206],"prescribed":[122,142],"tactical":[123],"target":[124],"locations":[125],"from":[126],"common":[128],"starting":[129],"point":[130],"by":[131,240,295,306],"following":[132],"possibly":[133],"different":[134],"paths":[135],"across":[136],"environment,":[140],"within":[141],"time":[143,203],"windows":[144],"with":[146,247,328],"maximum":[147],"lethality.":[148],"On":[149],"their":[150],"way,":[151],"UCVs":[153],"will":[154],"face":[155],"red":[158,212],"composed":[162],"ground":[164,291],"units":[165,292],"that":[166,314],"can":[167,179],"engage":[168],"any":[169],"nearby":[170],"UCV.":[171],"rendezvous":[173],"team":[178,230],"be":[180],"interpreted":[181],"as":[182,233],"constraint":[184],"problem,":[188],"aimed":[189],"at":[190,201],"minimizing":[191],"damage":[192],"while":[193],"maximizing":[194],"total":[196],"number":[197],"remaining":[199],"targets.":[208],"teams":[213],"play":[214],"roles":[216],"cost-function":[218],"minimizer":[219],"maximizer,":[221],"respectively.":[222],"worst-case":[224],"minimization":[225],"formulated":[232],"finite-time":[235],"optimization,":[236],"solved":[239],"means":[241,296],"dynamic":[244],"programming":[245],"equation":[246],"value":[248],"function":[249],"evolving":[250],"according":[251],"graph":[254],"feasible":[256],"paths.":[258],"resulting":[260],"takes":[263],"form":[265],"lookup":[268],"table,":[269],"ideal":[272],"online":[274],"implementations.":[275],"practical":[277],"case":[278],"on":[282,320],"classification":[284],"location":[287],"addressed":[294],"one-step":[299],"lookahead":[300],"rollout":[301],"using":[303],"estimates":[304],"provided":[305],"recursive":[308],"Bayesian":[309],"filter.":[310],"Simulation":[311],"results":[312],"show":[313],"concept":[316],"provides,":[319],"average,":[321],"improvement":[323],"performance":[325],"when":[326],"compared":[327],"single-formation":[329],"routing.":[330]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}