{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412939560","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2025.3590442","title":"Automated Dental Landmarks Recognition in Special Models via Neural Network","display_name":"Automated Dental Landmarks Recognition in Special Models via Neural Network","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412939560","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2025.3590442"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcss.2025.3590442","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2025.3590442","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2490693980","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","issn_l":"2329-924X","issn":["2329-924X","2373-7476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105822390","display_name":"Y. S. Lai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5610-2327"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126592","display_name":"National Clinical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03ddkvp86","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126592"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yue Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR China","Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126592"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126592"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100605449","display_name":"Huanhuan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6280-6910"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126592","display_name":"National Clinical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03ddkvp86","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126592"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huanhuan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR China","Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126592"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126592"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100602191","display_name":"Zhiming Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3798-4504"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiming Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, PR China","School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, PR, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, PR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108310516","display_name":"Minhui Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4134-4609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minhui Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, PR China","School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, PR, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, PR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084999631","display_name":"Tianmin Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6975-6226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126592","display_name":"National Clinical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03ddkvp86","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126592"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianmin Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR China","Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126592"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126592"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100415515","display_name":"Yanan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3501-5796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3501-5796","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069374807","display_name":"Bing Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8170-498X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126592","display_name":"National Clinical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03ddkvp86","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126592"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bing Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR China","Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126592"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126592"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060512035","display_name":"Guangying Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5816-2369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126592","display_name":"National Clinical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03ddkvp86","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126592"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangying Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR China","Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5816-2369","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126592"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126592"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5105822390"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126592"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.26670547,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"1","first_page":"382","last_page":"392"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11363","display_name":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11363","display_name":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6271525621414185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5786986351013184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5765216946601868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4531271457672119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backpropagation","display_name":"Backpropagation","score":0.4307783842086792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4006870687007904}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6271525621414185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5786986351013184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5765216946601868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4531271457672119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155032097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798503","display_name":"Backpropagation","level":3,"score":0.4307783842086792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4006870687007904}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcss.2025.3590442","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2025.3590442","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2490693980","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","issn_l":"2329-924X","issn":["2329-924X","2373-7476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3090539689","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52473120","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4947672306","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82001082","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G534002323","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82071172","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W602397586","https://openalex.org/W2012105695","https://openalex.org/W2080321970","https://openalex.org/W2264417848","https://openalex.org/W2557052937","https://openalex.org/W2737081152","https://openalex.org/W2885317789","https://openalex.org/W2889800409","https://openalex.org/W2947984621","https://openalex.org/W2948080642","https://openalex.org/W2963231572","https://openalex.org/W3004849003","https://openalex.org/W3111535274","https://openalex.org/W3117388369","https://openalex.org/W3196918404","https://openalex.org/W3199202390","https://openalex.org/W3207328575","https://openalex.org/W3212236814","https://openalex.org/W4289597243","https://openalex.org/W4364302344","https://openalex.org/W4382658133","https://openalex.org/W4387717514","https://openalex.org/W4400770879","https://openalex.org/W4404538860"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2894173309","https://openalex.org/W4387932263","https://openalex.org/W2098962763","https://openalex.org/W4408809375","https://openalex.org/W2371065793","https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Accurate":[1],"dental":[2,78,109],"landmark":[3,25,101,110],"recognition":[4,26,111,148,171,237],"is":[5],"essential":[6,130],"in":[7,196,228,234],"orthodontics":[8],"and":[9,18,37,70,93,126,146,153,192,243],"prosthodontics":[10],"applications":[11],"but":[12],"can":[13],"be":[14],"challenged":[15],"by":[16,88,218],"malocclusion":[17,242],"tooth":[19,120,244],"wear.":[20,245],"This":[21,103],"study":[22,48,230],"expends":[23],"automated":[24,100,147,236],"to":[27,33,75,91,142],"include":[28],"such":[29],"complex":[30],"cases,":[31],"aiming":[32],"improve":[34],"anatomical":[35],"analysis":[36],"establish":[38],"a":[39,50,62,95,113,184],"treatment":[40],"evaluation":[41],"framework":[42],"for":[43,131],"Chinese":[44],"patients.":[45],"Methods:":[46],"The":[47,134,174],"incorporated":[49],"dataset":[51],"of":[52,55,64,108,189,238],"919":[53],"pairs":[54],"pretreatment":[56],"intraoral":[57],"scan":[58],"(IOS)":[59],"models.":[60],"Initially,":[61],"subset":[63],"100":[65],"IOS":[66,83,137,239],"models":[67,84,138,240],"was":[68,160],"segmented":[69],"labeled":[71,87],"using":[72,149],"MeshLab":[73],"software":[74],"generate":[76],"3-D":[77],"grid":[79],"data.":[80],"Subsequently,":[81],"500":[82],"were":[85,139,166],"meticulously":[86],"three":[89],"researchers":[90],"train":[92],"develop":[94],"neural":[96,175,225],"network":[97,104,176,226],"termed":[98],"multiscale":[99],"recognition.":[102],"reformulates":[105],"the":[106,119,150,154,157,169,201,210,219,224,235],"task":[107],"as":[112],"geodesic":[114],"distance":[115,187],"field":[116],"problem":[117],"on":[118,209],"surface,":[121],"effectively":[122],"capturing":[123],"both":[124,143],"local":[125],"global":[127],"geometric":[128],"features":[129],"precise":[132],"detection.":[133],"remaining":[135],"319":[136],"then":[140],"subjected":[141],"manual":[144,181],"labeling":[145],"trained":[151],"network,":[152],"consistency":[155],"between":[156,168,200],"two":[158,170,202],"methods":[159,203],"evaluated.":[161],"Finally,":[162],"arch":[163,197],"width":[164,198],"measurements":[165,199],"compared":[167],"approaches.":[172],"Results:":[173],"shows":[177],"high":[178],"concordance":[179],"with":[180,183],"labeling,":[182],"mean":[185],"Euclidean":[186],"discrepancy":[188],"0.375":[190],"mm,":[191],"no":[193],"significant":[194],"difference":[195,215],"(P":[204],">":[205],"0.05).":[206],"Conclusion:":[207],"Based":[208],"0.500":[211],"mm":[212],"clinically":[213],"acceptable":[214],"standard":[216],"defined":[217],"ABO":[220],"objective":[221],"grading":[222],"system,":[223],"developed":[227],"this":[229],"demonstrates":[231],"superior":[232],"performance":[233],"exhibiting":[241]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-29T09:16:38.111599","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}