{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312455169","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2022.3213507","title":"IoT-Based Federated Learning Model for Hypertensive Retinopathy Lesions Classification","display_name":"IoT-Based Federated Learning Model for Hypertensive Retinopathy Lesions Classification","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312455169","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2022.3213507"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcss.2022.3213507","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2022.3213507","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2490693980","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","issn_l":"2329-924X","issn":["2329-924X","2373-7476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021306058","display_name":"Mukesh Soni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4993-6083"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I101407740","display_name":"Chandigarh University","ror":"https://ror.org/05t4pvx35","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I101407740"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mukesh Soni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of CSE, University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of CSE, University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101407740"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047748210","display_name":"Nikhil Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9396-7285"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91277730","display_name":"Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vtd268","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91277730"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikhil Kumar Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91277730"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003047541","display_name":"Pranjit Das","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5654-9463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I875944469","display_name":"Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/02k949197","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I875944469"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pranjit Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of CSE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (K L University), Vaddeswaram, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5654-9463","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of CSE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (K L University), Vaddeswaram, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I875944469"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068752835","display_name":"Mohammad Shabaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5106-7609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127441","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Jammu","ror":"https://ror.org/02f0vsw63","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127441"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Shabaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Model Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5106-7609","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Model Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057868351","display_name":"Piyush Kumar Shukla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3715-3882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196622127","display_name":"Rajiv Gandhi Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/03xmje391","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196622127"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Piyush Kumar Shukla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University Institute of Technology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya (Technological University of Madhya Pradesh), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University Institute of Technology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya (Technological University of Madhya Pradesh), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196622127"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017069916","display_name":"Partha Sarkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7681-3994"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155837530","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Durgapur","ror":"https://ror.org/04ds0jm32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155837530"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Partha Sarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7681-3994","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155837530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100642841","display_name":"Shweta Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1561-2494"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shweta Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication, IES College of Technology, Bhopal, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1561-2494","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication, IES College of Technology, Bhopal, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007643412","display_name":"Ismail Keshta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9803-5882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134359838","display_name":"Alfaisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cdrtq48","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134359838"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767729","display_name":"Almaarefa University","ror":"https://ror.org/00s3s5518","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391767729"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ismail Keshta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, College of Applied Sciences, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9803-5882","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, College of Applied Sciences, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134359838","https://openalex.org/I4391767729"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007200883","display_name":"Ali Rizwan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2348-8577"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185163786","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Rizwan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2348-8577","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7367,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93982007,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"4","first_page":"1722","last_page":"1731"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12599","display_name":"Retinal and Optic Conditions","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9532999992370605,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.666259765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.666257381439209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5981966853141785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.5750797986984253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5426514744758606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.5264576077461243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5154322385787964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.49863123893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/region-of-interest","display_name":"Region of interest","score":0.43869173526763916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2160981297492981}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.666259765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.666257381439209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5981966853141785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.5750797986984253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5426514744758606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.5264576077461243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5154322385787964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.49863123893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19609008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2138203","display_name":"Region of interest","level":2,"score":0.43869173526763916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2160981297492981}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcss.2022.3213507","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2022.3213507","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2490693980","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","issn_l":"2329-924X","issn":["2329-924X","2373-7476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137055403","https://openalex.org/W2485510676","https://openalex.org/W2980444207","https://openalex.org/W2983395335","https://openalex.org/W3021026170","https://openalex.org/W3025283958","https://openalex.org/W3045967759","https://openalex.org/W3107910567","https://openalex.org/W3120454115","https://openalex.org/W3124070738","https://openalex.org/W3133861024","https://openalex.org/W3139500978","https://openalex.org/W3149710509","https://openalex.org/W3178795497","https://openalex.org/W3187784948","https://openalex.org/W3197956856","https://openalex.org/W4200018875","https://openalex.org/W4206738356","https://openalex.org/W4213007876","https://openalex.org/W4285219637","https://openalex.org/W4285245206","https://openalex.org/W6797669587","https://openalex.org/W6804580037"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2165912799","https://openalex.org/W2735662278","https://openalex.org/W2382615723","https://openalex.org/W4311804456","https://openalex.org/W1987484445","https://openalex.org/W2623658258","https://openalex.org/W2005234362","https://openalex.org/W2162970382","https://openalex.org/W1997235926","https://openalex.org/W2565656575"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traditional":[0],"classification":[1,46,54,62,67,75,93,104,145,232],"algorithms":[2],"struggle":[3],"to":[4,35,56,167],"categorize":[5],"hypertensive":[6],"retinopathy":[7],"(HR)":[8],"lesions":[9],"correctly":[10],"because":[11],"they":[12],"lack":[13],"obvious":[14],"characteristics.":[15],"A":[16],"regional":[17],"IoT-enabled":[18],"federated":[19],"learning-based":[20],"HR":[21,175],"categorization":[22],"approach":[23],"(IoT-FHR)":[24],"incorporating":[25],"global":[26,77,91],"and":[27,42,72,139,171,178,193,203,218],"local":[28,39,69,102],"attributes":[29],"is":[30,48,126,213,234],"suggested":[31,197,222],"as":[32],"a":[33,147,163,209],"solution":[34],"this":[36],"issue.":[37],"The":[38,65,117,143,190],"feature":[40,83],"arterial":[41],"venous":[43],"nicking":[44],"(AVN)":[45],"model":[47,55,94,199,223,233],"fused":[49],"with":[50,97,236],"the":[51,58,61,73,87,90,98,101,114,123,129,133,157,160,168,184,196,216,221,225,230],"overall":[52],"IoT-FHR":[53,74,92,121],"enhance":[57],"effect":[59],"of":[60,63,89,100,120,150,186,195],"IoT-FHR.":[64],"AVN":[66,103,144,180],"model\u2019s":[68,76],"lesion":[70,78],"characteristics":[71,79],"were":[80],"combined":[81],"using":[82,183],"mean.":[84],"After":[85],"that,":[86],"results":[88,99,219],"are":[95,200],"averaged":[96],"model.":[105],"An":[106],"easy":[107],"neural":[108,134],"network":[109],"receives":[110],"its":[111],"input":[112],"from":[113,215],"final":[115],"outcome.":[116],"probability":[118],"value":[119],"in":[122],"fundus":[124,176],"image":[125,181],"output":[127],"by":[128],"sigmoid":[130],"classifier":[131],"after":[132],"network\u2019s":[135],"two":[136],"fully":[137],"connected":[138],"one":[140],"dropout":[141],"layer.":[142],"makes":[146],"new":[148],"kind":[149],"intersection":[151,158],"detection":[152],"algorithm":[153,161],"suggestion.":[154],"To":[155],"determine":[156],"points,":[159],"applies":[162],"logical":[164],"AND":[165],"operation":[166],"classified":[169],"arteries":[170],"veins.":[172],"It":[173,212],"takes":[174],"pictures":[177],"extracts":[179],"blocks":[182],"region":[185],"interest":[187],"extraction":[188],"approach.":[189],"accuracy,":[191],"sensitivity,":[192],"specificity":[194],"fusion":[198],"93.50%,":[201],"69.83%,":[202],"98.33%,":[204],"respectively,":[205],"when":[206,229],"tested":[207],"on":[208],"private":[210],"dataset.":[211],"clear":[214],"experiments":[217],"that":[220],"leads":[224],"currently":[226],"used":[227],"methods":[228],"single-stage":[231],"compared":[235],"them.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-25T06:16:34.145877","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
