{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4288064526","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2022.3188744","title":"COVID-19 Pandemic Severity Criterion Based on the Number of Deaths and the Uneven Distribution of These","display_name":"COVID-19 Pandemic Severity Criterion Based on the Number of Deaths and the Uneven Distribution of These","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4288064526","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2022.3188744"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcss.2022.3188744","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2022.3188744","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2490693980","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","issn_l":"2329-924X","issn":["2329-924X","2373-7476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044628214","display_name":"Antoni Wili\u0144ski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2817-9095"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102184","display_name":"WSB Merito University in Gda\u0144sk","ror":"https://ror.org/01arx1p46","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210102184","https://openalex.org/I4405265935"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antoni Wilinski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and New Technologies Faculty, WSB University, Gdansk, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2817-9095","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and New Technologies Faculty, WSB University, Gdansk, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102184"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002883444","display_name":"M. K. Arti","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36090812","display_name":"Netaji Subhas University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01fczmh85","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36090812"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. K. Arti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, New Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-5860","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36090812"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017865043","display_name":"\u0141ukasz Kupracz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3544-6179"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I269685040","display_name":"Koszalin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00x6dk626","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I269685040"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lukasz Kupracz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electronics and Computer Science, Koszalin University of Technology, Koszalin, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3544-6179","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electronics and Computer Science, Koszalin University of Technology, Koszalin, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I269685040"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5413,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58840521,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"3","first_page":"1414","last_page":"1420"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11711","display_name":"COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts","score":0.9539999961853027,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13945","display_name":"Legal, Health, Environmental and COVID-19 Challenges","score":0.942799985408783,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic","display_name":"Pandemic","score":0.7117348313331604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gini-coefficient","display_name":"Gini coefficient","score":0.6984650492668152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.5595394372940063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.5092462301254272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inequality","display_name":"Inequality","score":0.4987514019012451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index","display_name":"Index (typography)","score":0.46440577507019043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4429939091205597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortality-rate","display_name":"Mortality rate","score":0.43010902404785156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demography","display_name":"Demography","score":0.3961105942726135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.35619425773620605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.3514419198036194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2784031629562378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.15772417187690735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-inequality","display_name":"Economic inequality","score":0.12009599804878235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.10458803176879883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.10336226224899292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.08268114924430847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.06909915804862976}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.7117348313331604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779206190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162455","display_name":"Gini coefficient","level":4,"score":0.6984650492668152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.5595394372940063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5092462301254272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.4987514019012451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.46440577507019043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4429939091205597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179755657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58702","display_name":"Mortality rate","level":2,"score":0.43010902404785156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.3961105942726135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.35619425773620605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3514419198036194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2784031629562378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.15772417187690735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513380476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5055020","display_name":"Economic inequality","level":3,"score":0.12009599804878235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.10458803176879883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.10336226224899292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.08268114924430847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.06909915804862976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcss.2022.3188744","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2022.3188744","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2490693980","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","issn_l":"2329-924X","issn":["2329-924X","2373-7476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3014226016","https://openalex.org/W3023190093","https://openalex.org/W3028156929","https://openalex.org/W3036253978","https://openalex.org/W3036750843","https://openalex.org/W3037163353","https://openalex.org/W3037417235","https://openalex.org/W3044055761","https://openalex.org/W3083193624","https://openalex.org/W3090309434","https://openalex.org/W3092284106","https://openalex.org/W3093441489","https://openalex.org/W3104802943","https://openalex.org/W3108247202","https://openalex.org/W3109007711","https://openalex.org/W3113005448","https://openalex.org/W3113679393","https://openalex.org/W3126524931","https://openalex.org/W3129313820","https://openalex.org/W3132721190","https://openalex.org/W3150554668","https://openalex.org/W3153859749","https://openalex.org/W3155226941","https://openalex.org/W3159309228","https://openalex.org/W3178335885","https://openalex.org/W3194056770","https://openalex.org/W3199104843","https://openalex.org/W3210475918","https://openalex.org/W4213090526","https://openalex.org/W6793349925","https://openalex.org/W6797735582","https://openalex.org/W6800340711"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2366815465","https://openalex.org/W2348303887","https://openalex.org/W4295559186","https://openalex.org/W2394207905","https://openalex.org/W2359203237","https://openalex.org/W4388535600","https://openalex.org/W3119540162","https://openalex.org/W3145651792","https://openalex.org/W2243011871","https://openalex.org/W3020901859"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,99,228],"aim":[1],"of":[2,14,35,47,53,60,88,93,96,109,115,173,199,209,220,242],"this":[3,69,221],"article":[4],"is":[5,40,49,71,75,122,140,146,230],"to":[6,11,23,186],"define":[7],"a":[8,54,66,193,200],"criterion":[9,222,236],"related":[10],"the":[12,31,33,37,45,56,58,86,94,97,103,107,116,125,131,137,143,149,163,170,179,188,197,203,207,224,235],"number":[13,34,108,172,208],"Coronavirus":[15],"disease":[16],"2019":[17],"(COVID-19)":[18],"deaths":[19,48,110,174,210],"in":[20,27,102,111,124,134,178,192,196],"different":[21,218],"countries":[22,155,168,225],"compare":[24],"them":[25],"themselves":[26],"two":[28],"aspects.":[29],"First,":[30],"higher":[32],"deaths,":[36],"worse":[38,57],"it":[39,74,83],"for":[41,148,153,223,237],"society;":[42],"second,":[43],"if":[44],"inequality":[46],"greater":[50],"between":[51],"regions":[52],"country,":[55],"assessment":[59],"pandemic":[61],"management":[62,92],"should":[63,84],"be.":[64],"On":[65],"global":[67],"scale,":[68],"unevenness":[70],"evident":[72],"because":[73],"not":[76],"controlled":[77],"by":[78],"anything.":[79],"In":[80],"particular":[81],"countries,":[82],"be":[85],"result":[87],"efficient":[89],"and":[90,142,152,162,165,206,232],"honest":[91],"spread":[95],"epidemic.":[98],"authors":[100],"assume":[101],"proposed":[104],"algorithm":[105],"that":[106],"individual":[112,154],"organizational":[113],"units":[114],"state":[117],"(regions,":[118],"states,":[119],"provinces,":[120],"etc.)":[121],"known":[123],"existing":[126],"administrative":[127],"division.":[128],"By":[129],"considering":[130],"population":[132],"numbers":[133],"these":[135],"units,":[136],"Lorentz":[138],"curve":[139],"prepared,":[141],"Gini":[144,204],"coefficient":[145],"calculated":[147],"entire":[150],"world":[151],"such":[156],"as":[157],"USA,":[158],"India,":[159],"Brazil,":[160],"Poland,":[161],"Balkan":[164],"Eastern":[166],"European":[167],"with":[169],"highest":[171],"per":[175,211],"million":[176,212],"inhabitants":[177,213],"world.":[180],"Moreover,":[181],"an":[182],"attempt":[183],"was":[184],"made":[185],"present":[187],"universal":[189,231],"mortality":[190],"rate":[191],"given":[194],"country":[195,239],"form":[198],"bicriterion":[201],"combining":[202],"index":[205],"achieved.":[214],"We":[215],"obtained":[216],"definitely":[217],"values":[219],"under":[226],"consideration.":[227],"method":[229],"allows":[233],"calculating":[234],"any":[238],"or":[240],"group":[241],"countries.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}