{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4226439676","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2022.3159366","title":"PANNER: POS-Aware Nested Named Entity Recognition Through Heterogeneous Graph Neural Network","display_name":"PANNER: POS-Aware Nested Named Entity Recognition Through Heterogeneous Graph Neural Network","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4226439676","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2022.3159366"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcss.2022.3159366","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2022.3159366","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2490693980","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","issn_l":"2329-924X","issn":["2329-924X","2373-7476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079841095","display_name":"Ling Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0771-6805"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ling Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China, and also with the Cyberspace Security Research Center, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518000, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0771-6805","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China, and also with the Cyberspace Security Research Center, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100386436","display_name":"Jianming Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8322-3992"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianming Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China, and also with the Cyberspace Security Research Center, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China, and also with the Cyberspace Security Research Center, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070856186","display_name":"Zhaoquan Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7546-852X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoquan Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7546-852X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057638577","display_name":"Jing Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4202-7802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4202-7802","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071261948","display_name":"Brij B. Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4929-4698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105094715","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra","ror":"https://ror.org/04909p852","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105094715"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185163786","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}],"countries":["IN","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brij B. Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, China","Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 40704, China, also with King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia, and also with the National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Kurukshetra 136119, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4929-4698","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 40704, China, also with King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia, and also with the National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Kurukshetra 136119, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105094715","https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056608045","display_name":"Zhihong Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9409-5359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihong Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9409-5359","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079841095"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034","https://openalex.org/I4210136793"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9133,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91945553,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"4","first_page":"4718","last_page":"4726"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.800396740436554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/named-entity-recognition","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","score":0.7278196215629578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4919300079345703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entity-linking","display_name":"Entity linking","score":0.4784640967845917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nested-set-model","display_name":"Nested set model","score":0.4738338887691498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.42295634746551514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.41440674662590027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3208971619606018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.30335015058517456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.26882314682006836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-base","display_name":"Knowledge base","score":0.23073267936706543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relational-database","display_name":"Relational database","score":0.1588328778743744}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.800396740436554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779135771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q403574","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","level":3,"score":0.7278196215629578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4919300079345703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96711827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17012245","display_name":"Entity linking","level":3,"score":0.4784640967845917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103000020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1978426","display_name":"Nested set model","level":3,"score":0.4738338887691498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.42295634746551514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.41440674662590027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3208971619606018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.30335015058517456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.26882314682006836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.23073267936706543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5655090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192588","display_name":"Relational database","level":2,"score":0.1588328778743744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcss.2022.3159366","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2022.3159366","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2490693980","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","issn_l":"2329-924X","issn":["2329-924X","2373-7476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2505869560","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U20B2046","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2998104513","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61871140","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3599181934","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1636215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8252796664","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1803263","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W103340358","https://openalex.org/W2047477415","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2108218871","https://openalex.org/W2116341502","https://openalex.org/W2120615054","https://openalex.org/W2123442489","https://openalex.org/W2139008537","https://openalex.org/W2163107094","https://openalex.org/W2163918411","https://openalex.org/W2250710764","https://openalex.org/W2296283641","https://openalex.org/W2740006839","https://openalex.org/W2760146825","https://openalex.org/W2798890982","https://openalex.org/W2803609931","https://openalex.org/W2804221886","https://openalex.org/W2892252202","https://openalex.org/W2911286998","https://openalex.org/W2935052563","https://openalex.org/W2950281195","https://openalex.org/W2953356739","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963568202","https://openalex.org/W2965857891","https://openalex.org/W2970095952","https://openalex.org/W2970480111","https://openalex.org/W2971019153","https://openalex.org/W2981842983","https://openalex.org/W2998456908","https://openalex.org/W3035458998","https://openalex.org/W3098596104","https://openalex.org/W3102603416","https://openalex.org/W3112778273","https://openalex.org/W3151019514","https://openalex.org/W3192824891","https://openalex.org/W4297733535","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6682082992","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6726873649","https://openalex.org/W6745537798","https://openalex.org/W6767710714","https://openalex.org/W6779658785"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2186562580","https://openalex.org/W3198729192","https://openalex.org/W4255258373","https://openalex.org/W2593907245","https://openalex.org/W3000685722","https://openalex.org/W2520117834","https://openalex.org/W626980589","https://openalex.org/W4313162113","https://openalex.org/W1884363728","https://openalex.org/W3133906981"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nested":[0,84,113],"named":[1],"entity":[2,37,59,97],"recognition":[3],"(Nested":[4],"NER)":[5],"in":[6,21,198,210],"knowledge":[7],"graph":[8,128],"(KG)":[9],"aims":[10],"at":[11],"obtaining":[12],"all":[13,118,187],"meaningful":[14],"entities,":[15],"including":[16],"nested":[17,69,191,214],"entities":[18,27,192],"for":[19,159],"sentences":[20],"longer":[22],"text":[23],"region.":[24],"Those":[25],"obtained":[26],"are":[28],"to":[29,53,63,80,116,152,183],"facilitate":[30],"downstream":[31],"applications,":[32],"such":[33],"as":[34],"relation":[35],"extraction,":[36],"resolution,":[38],"and":[39,98,185,190,213],"coreference":[40],"resolution.":[41],"This":[42],"task,":[43],"however,":[44],"is":[45],"challenging":[46],"not":[47],"only":[48],"because":[49],"of":[50,57,66,75,88,95,103,135,157,170,208],"the":[51,55,58,64,93,96,100,119,131,136,165,188,195,206],"demand":[52],"detect":[54],"boundary":[56],"but":[60],"also":[61],"due":[62],"complexity":[65],"those":[67],"hierarchically":[68],"entities.":[70],"Since":[71],"a":[72,86,111,126,141,149,154,179,199],"substantial":[73],"amount":[74],"work":[76],"has":[77],"been":[78],"made":[79],"Flat":[81],"NER":[82,114],"(or":[83],"NER),":[85],"few":[87],"them":[89],"can":[90],"explicitly":[91],"acquire":[92],"position":[94],"utilize":[99],"grammatical":[101,150],"construction":[102],"text.":[104],"In":[105],"this":[106],"work,":[107],"we":[108,123,139,163,177],"propose":[109],"PANNER,":[110],"POS-aware":[112],"model,":[115],"solve":[117],"above":[120],"issues.":[121],"Specifically,":[122],"first":[124],"construct":[125],"heterogeneous":[127],"by":[129],"introducing":[130],"part-of-speech":[132],"(POS)":[133],"information":[134],"word.":[137],"Second,":[138],"design":[140],"dilated":[142],"random":[143],"walk":[144],"(DRW)":[145],"algorithm":[146],"based":[147,193],"on":[148,194],"path":[151],"sample":[153],"fixed":[155],"size":[156],"neighbors":[158,171],"each":[160],"node.":[161],"Third,":[162],"aggregate":[164],"message":[166],"from":[167],"different":[168],"types":[169],"through":[172],"an":[173],"attention":[174],"mechanism.":[175],"Finally,":[176],"use":[178],"bidirectional":[180],"decoding":[181],"module":[182],"recognize":[184],"categorize":[186],"flat":[189,212],"node":[196],"embedding":[197],"layer-wise":[200],"manner.":[201],"Our":[202],"extensive":[203],"experiments":[204],"show":[205],"effectiveness":[207],"PANNER":[209],"both":[211],"NER.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
