{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3002488287","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2019.2960534","title":"PASPORT: A Secure and Private Location Proof Generation and Verification Framework","display_name":"PASPORT: A Secure and Private Location Proof Generation and Verification Framework","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3002488287","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2019.2960534","mag":"3002488287"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcss.2019.2960534","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2019.2960534","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2490693980","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","issn_l":"2329-924X","issn":["2329-924X","2373-7476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/PASPORT_a_secure_and_private_location_proof_generation_and_verification_framework/20719321","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050394662","display_name":"Mohammad Reza Nosouhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6959-0975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Reza Nosouhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data61, CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia","School of Computer Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data61, CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017825429","display_name":"Keshav Sood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2127-1438"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keshav Sood","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005228053","display_name":"Shui Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4485-6743"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shui Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058516861","display_name":"Marthie Grobler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6933-0145"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marthie Grobler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data61, CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data61, CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100435149","display_name":"Jingwen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5910-0749"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingwen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050394662"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466","https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I42894916"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4467,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.910216,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"293","last_page":"307"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8054254055023193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gas-meter-prover","display_name":"Gas meter prover","score":0.7775287628173828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7182556390762329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collusion","display_name":"Collusion","score":0.6159482002258301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-provider","display_name":"Service provider","score":0.5468659996986389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/android","display_name":"Android (operating system)","score":0.4686379134654999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-information-retrieval","display_name":"Private information retrieval","score":0.46780943870544434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounding-overwatch","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","score":0.4581140875816345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-control","display_name":"Access control","score":0.41519707441329956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.35532891750335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3417440354824066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-proof","display_name":"Mathematical proof","score":0.12532269954681396}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8054254055023193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159718280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5526353","display_name":"Gas meter prover","level":3,"score":0.7775287628173828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7182556390762329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781198186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q701521","display_name":"Collusion","level":2,"score":0.6159482002258301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.5468659996986389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557433098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94","display_name":"Android (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.4686379134654999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99221444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1532069","display_name":"Private information retrieval","level":2,"score":0.46780943870544434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63584917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333286","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","level":2,"score":0.4581140875816345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527821871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228502","display_name":"Access control","level":2,"score":0.41519707441329956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.35532891750335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3417440354824066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.12532269954681396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcss.2019.2960534","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2019.2960534","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2490693980","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","issn_l":"2329-924X","issn":["2329-924X","2373-7476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dro.deakin.edu.au:DU:30134694","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401102","display_name":"Own your potential (DEAKIN)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","host_organization_name":"Deakin University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/20719321","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/PASPORT_a_secure_and_private_location_proof_generation_and_verification_framework/20719321","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/20719321","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/PASPORT_a_secure_and_private_location_proof_generation_and_verification_framework/20719321","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W87668852","https://openalex.org/W168909259","https://openalex.org/W1543653153","https://openalex.org/W1727616536","https://openalex.org/W1770547011","https://openalex.org/W1878267993","https://openalex.org/W1907167790","https://openalex.org/W1965364415","https://openalex.org/W1968440182","https://openalex.org/W1980941243","https://openalex.org/W1995738438","https://openalex.org/W1995990665","https://openalex.org/W2021447283","https://openalex.org/W2033230515","https://openalex.org/W2038044720","https://openalex.org/W2092707945","https://openalex.org/W2103033197","https://openalex.org/W2103063352","https://openalex.org/W2107130213","https://openalex.org/W2108836391","https://openalex.org/W2149826777","https://openalex.org/W2155481610","https://openalex.org/W2175341774","https://openalex.org/W2199672548","https://openalex.org/W2242199794","https://openalex.org/W2287252941","https://openalex.org/W2328788535","https://openalex.org/W2335200267","https://openalex.org/W2342556383","https://openalex.org/W2500528884","https://openalex.org/W2546775511","https://openalex.org/W2563773115","https://openalex.org/W2598250020","https://openalex.org/W2612159501","https://openalex.org/W2612373372","https://openalex.org/W2613836390","https://openalex.org/W2774597709","https://openalex.org/W2786072337","https://openalex.org/W2794691483","https://openalex.org/W2887231366","https://openalex.org/W2889032811","https://openalex.org/W2916278854","https://openalex.org/W2945973724","https://openalex.org/W2951869340","https://openalex.org/W3105073026","https://openalex.org/W4251010021","https://openalex.org/W6606792040","https://openalex.org/W6637778182","https://openalex.org/W6754565387","https://openalex.org/W6759659084"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2009938035","https://openalex.org/W3143020802","https://openalex.org/W2597098157","https://openalex.org/W3144619778","https://openalex.org/W2042358705","https://openalex.org/W3031524031","https://openalex.org/W1436254147","https://openalex.org/W3123435100","https://openalex.org/W2109203304","https://openalex.org/W3125502843"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"there":[1],"has":[2,55,119],"been":[3,56],"a":[4,28,68,103,120,189,205],"rapid":[5],"growth":[6],"in":[7,12,22,37,92,128],"location-based":[8,225],"systems":[9],"and":[10,85,136,155,168,194],"applications":[11,226],"which":[13,129],"users":[14,41,101,131],"submit":[15,102],"their":[16,48,113],"location":[17,64,104,115],"information":[18],"to":[19,24,27,45,95,107,110,165],"service":[20,59,108],"providers":[21,60,109],"order":[23],"gain":[25],"access":[26],"service,":[29],"resource,":[30],"or":[31],"reward.":[32],"We":[33],"have":[34,42],"seen":[35],"that":[36,71,112,218],"these":[38,62,76],"applications,":[39],"dishonest":[40],"an":[43],"incentive":[44],"cheat":[46],"on":[47,211],"location.":[49],"Unfortunately,":[50],"no":[51],"effective":[52],"protection":[53,146],"mechanism":[54],"adopted":[57],"by":[58,79],"against":[61,227],"fake":[63,228],"submissions.":[65,229],"This":[66],"is":[67,116,163],"critical":[69],"issue":[70],"causes":[72],"severe":[73],"consequences":[74],"for":[75,124,139],"applications.":[77],"Motivated":[78],"this,":[80],"we":[81,186,203],"propose":[82,187],"the":[83,97,160,171,181,208,212,219],"Privacy-Aware":[84],"Secure":[86],"Proof":[87],"Of":[88],"pRoximiTy":[89],"(PASPORT)":[90],"scheme":[91,162,210],"this":[93],"article":[94],"address":[96],"problem.":[98],"Using":[99],"PASPORT,":[100],"proof":[105],"(LP)":[106],"prove":[111],"submitted":[114],"true.":[117],"PASPORT":[118,161],"decentralized":[121],"architecture":[122],"designed":[123],"ad":[125],"hoc":[126],"scenarios":[127],"mobile":[130],"can":[132,222],"act":[133],"as":[134,147,149,153],"witnesses":[135],"generate":[137],"LPs":[138],"each":[140],"other.":[141],"It":[142],"provides":[143],"user":[144],"privacy":[145],"well":[148],"security":[150],"properties,":[151],"such":[152],"unforgeability":[154],"nontransferability":[156],"of":[157,174,207],"LPs.":[158],"Furthermore,":[159],"resilient":[164],"prover-prover":[166],"collusions":[167],"significantly":[169],"reduces":[170],"success":[172],"probability":[173],"Prover-Witness":[175],"collusion":[176],"attacks.":[177],"To":[178,199],"further":[179],"make":[180],"proximity":[182],"checking":[183],"process":[184],"private,":[185],"P-TREAD,":[188],"privacy-aware":[190],"distance":[191],"bounding":[192],"protocol":[193],"integrate":[195],"it":[196],"into":[197],"PASPORT.":[198],"validate":[200],"our":[201],"model,":[202],"implement":[204],"prototype":[206],"proposed":[209,220],"Android":[213],"platform.":[214],"Extensive":[215],"experiments":[216],"indicate":[217],"method":[221],"efficiently":[223],"protect":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}