{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411086255","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2025.3577401","title":"A 64.7 nA, \u201365dB@1 kHz, and Dual-Output CMOS Voltage Reference With Multi-Loop Active Load Without Trimming","display_name":"A 64.7 nA, \u201365dB@1 kHz, and Dual-Output CMOS Voltage Reference With Multi-Loop Active Load Without Trimming","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411086255","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2025.3577401"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2025.3577401","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2025.3577401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003967728","display_name":"Yanhan Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2260-3705"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yanhan Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, and the Key Lab of Si-Based Information Materials &#x0026; Devices and Integrated Circuits Design, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, and the Key Lab of Si-Based Information Materials &#x0026; Devices and Integrated Circuits Design, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Cailin Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4902-9610"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cailin Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, and the Key Lab of Si-Based Information Materials &#x0026; Devices and Integrated Circuits Design, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, and the Key Lab of Si-Based Information Materials &#x0026; Devices and Integrated Circuits Design, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041633455","display_name":"Jingci Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5365-1101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingci Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, and the Key Lab of Si-Based Information Materials &#x0026; Devices and Integrated Circuits Design, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, and the Key Lab of Si-Based Information Materials &#x0026; Devices and Integrated Circuits Design, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109678931","display_name":"Yanshen Luo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanshen Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, and the Key Lab of Si-Based Information Materials &#x0026; Devices and Integrated Circuits Design, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, and the Key Lab of Si-Based Information Materials &#x0026; Devices and Integrated Circuits Design, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109798772","display_name":"Bincheng Lei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bincheng Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, and the Key Lab of Si-Based Information Materials &#x0026; Devices and Integrated Circuits Design, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, and the Key Lab of Si-Based Information Materials &#x0026; Devices and Integrated Circuits Design, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100764158","display_name":"Yongfu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6322-8614"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongfu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Micro-Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Micro-Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003967728"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2888,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79600038,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"11","first_page":"1520","last_page":"1524"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trimming","display_name":"Trimming","score":0.8453278541564941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6379691958427429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.5562578439712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5167931318283081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loop","display_name":"Loop (graph theory)","score":0.4758721888065338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.38423365354537964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3530072867870331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3346444368362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3250333070755005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22787213325500488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1543520987033844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0491715669631958}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56951928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3539213","display_name":"Trimming","level":2,"score":0.8453278541564941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6379691958427429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.5562578439712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5167931318283081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184670325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q512604","display_name":"Loop (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.4758721888065338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38423365354537964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3530072867870331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3346444368362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3250333070755005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22787213325500488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1543520987033844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0491715669631958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2025.3577401","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2025.3577401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1891272988","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023A1515012900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7513031245","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No.2023A1515012900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336213","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China-Guangdong Joint Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7862264362","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024A03J0403","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335795","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335795","display_name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336213","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China-Guangdong Joint Fund","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41482027","https://openalex.org/W1984863066","https://openalex.org/W2008740692","https://openalex.org/W2167909795","https://openalex.org/W2999932876","https://openalex.org/W3038879384","https://openalex.org/W4200327410","https://openalex.org/W4312081585","https://openalex.org/W4312550922","https://openalex.org/W4312642830","https://openalex.org/W4382119605","https://openalex.org/W4385300775","https://openalex.org/W4385859249","https://openalex.org/W4387918086","https://openalex.org/W4401567479","https://openalex.org/W4402569739","https://openalex.org/W4405962605","https://openalex.org/W4406895098"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2467235537","https://openalex.org/W4243755427","https://openalex.org/W1493074871","https://openalex.org/W2222099502","https://openalex.org/W2128287377","https://openalex.org/W1979067309","https://openalex.org/W2375590729","https://openalex.org/W2385024427","https://openalex.org/W2978797270","https://openalex.org/W1972676838"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,29,47],"trimming-less":[4],"and":[5,19,79,83,97,101,119],"dual-output":[6],"CMOS":[7,59],"voltage":[8,52,67],"reference":[9,42,53,68],"for":[10],"low":[11],"power":[12,36,109,120],"applications":[13],"based":[14],"on":[15],"specific":[16],"active":[17,25],"load":[18,26],"body":[20],"bias":[21],"technology.":[22,60],"A":[23],"multi-loop":[24],"connected":[27],"in":[28,46,56,85],"nested":[30],"structure":[31],"is":[32,54,117,122],"proposed":[33,51,66],"to":[34,90,105],"reduce":[35],"supply":[37,110],"sensitivity.":[38],"Without":[39],"trimming,":[40],"two":[41],"voltages":[43],"are":[44,81,99],"obtained":[45,118],"single":[48],"branch.":[49],"The":[50,72,92],"fabricated":[55],"standard":[57],"180nm":[58],"Measurement":[61],"results":[62],"show":[63],"that,":[64],"the":[65,86],"achieves":[69],"excellent":[70],"performance.":[71],"untrimmed":[73],"average":[74],"temperature":[75],"coefficient":[76],"of":[77,95,113],"VREF1":[78,96],"VREF2":[80,98],"28.7ppm/\u2218C":[82],"97.5ppm/\u2218C":[84],"range":[87],"from":[88,103],"-40\u2218C":[89],"125\u2218C.":[91],"line":[93],"sensitivity":[94],"0.051%/V":[100],"0.034%/V":[102],"1":[104],"1.8V":[106],"supply.":[107],"High":[108],"rejection":[111],"ratio":[112],"-65dB":[114],"at":[115],"1kHz":[116],"consumption":[121],"64.7nW.":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
