{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402742368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2024.3465888","title":"An M-Metric Readout Circuit for MLC Phase-Change Memory With a Comparator-Based Push-Pull Bit-Line Driver","display_name":"An M-Metric Readout Circuit for MLC Phase-Change Memory With a Comparator-Based Push-Pull Bit-Line Driver","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402742368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2024.3465888"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2024.3465888","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2024.3465888","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ji-Wook Kwon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0244-9365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ji-Wook Kwon","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0244-9365","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100517234","display_name":"Dong-Hwan Jin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong-Hwan Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056227985","display_name":"Min-Jae Seo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7908-2994"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min-Jae Seo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7908-2994","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054097644","display_name":"Seung\u2010Tak Ryu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6947-7785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seung-Tak Ryu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6947-7785","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09439817,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"11","first_page":"4658","last_page":"4662"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11315","display_name":"Phase-change materials and chalcogenides","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11315","display_name":"Phase-change materials and chalcogenides","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9857000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9828000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparator","display_name":"Comparator","score":0.8812072277069092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line","display_name":"Line (geometry)","score":0.6141063570976257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5971353650093079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit","display_name":"Bit (key)","score":0.5857448577880859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5103713870048523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.44363951683044434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.43526166677474976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2427334189414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.2185450792312622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1413305699825287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.0862145721912384}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155745195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1164179","display_name":"Comparator","level":3,"score":0.8812072277069092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.6141063570976257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5971353650093079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117011727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1278488","display_name":"Bit (key)","level":2,"score":0.5857448577880859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5103713870048523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.44363951683044434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.43526166677474976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2427334189414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2185450792312622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1413305699825287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0862145721912384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2024.3465888","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2024.3465888","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321346","display_name":"University of Seoul","ror":"https://ror.org/05en5nh73"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1651089827","https://openalex.org/W1976196443","https://openalex.org/W2006798699","https://openalex.org/W2043221330","https://openalex.org/W2069896714","https://openalex.org/W2072465842","https://openalex.org/W2083343565","https://openalex.org/W2093400426","https://openalex.org/W2105482083","https://openalex.org/W2137373079","https://openalex.org/W2150050274","https://openalex.org/W2173300498","https://openalex.org/W2408122708","https://openalex.org/W2526202524","https://openalex.org/W2528998516","https://openalex.org/W2545348996","https://openalex.org/W4247114301","https://openalex.org/W6634224931","https://openalex.org/W6685405584"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2034349229","https://openalex.org/W4366783034","https://openalex.org/W1972415042","https://openalex.org/W4313221225","https://openalex.org/W2150642609","https://openalex.org/W2005410346","https://openalex.org/W4306816370","https://openalex.org/W2189390720","https://openalex.org/W2390229089","https://openalex.org/W2951548045"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"brief":[1],"introduces":[2],"a":[3,12,20,34,40,44,48,68,73,92,108,116,125],"multi-level":[4],"phase-change":[5],"memory":[6],"(PCM)":[7],"readout":[8,15,31,61,85,127],"circuit":[9,62,86],"that":[10,17,38,63,90],"realizes":[11],"true":[13],"M-metric":[14,36,60],"scheme":[16,37],"inherently":[18],"has":[19],"wide":[21],"dynamic":[22],"input":[23],"range.":[24],"In":[25],"order":[26],"to":[27,104],"overcome":[28],"the":[29,54,65,83,97,105],"limited":[30],"speed":[32,81],"of":[33,82,91,107],"basic":[35],"draws":[39],"small":[41],"current":[42],"through":[43],"PCM":[45],"cell":[46],"over":[47],"large":[49],"bit-line":[50,66,79],"capacitance":[51],"and":[52,120],"senses":[53],"voltage,":[55],"we":[56],"propose":[57],"an":[58],"opamp-less":[59],"drives":[64],"in":[67],"successive":[69],"approximation":[70],"manner":[71],"with":[72,89],"comparator-based":[74],"push-pull":[75],"driver":[76],"(CPPD).":[77],"The":[78,112],"driving":[80],"proposed":[84],"is":[87,100],"comparable":[88],"conventional":[93],"voltage":[94],"driver,":[95],"but":[96],"power":[98,109,122],"consumption":[99,123],"greatly":[101],"reduced":[102],"owing":[103],"absence":[106],"hungry":[110],"opamp.":[111],"prototype":[113],"design":[114],"achieves":[115],"full":[117],"6-bit":[118],"linearity":[119],"245-uW":[121],"at":[124],"270-ns":[126],"speed.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-27T23:08:20.325037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
