{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392667132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2024.3375798","title":"A Dark Count Rate Self-Adjusting Charge Pump With Negative Feedback Control for SPAD Array Biasing","display_name":"A Dark Count Rate Self-Adjusting Charge Pump With Negative Feedback Control for SPAD Array Biasing","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392667132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2024.3375798"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2024.3375798","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2024.3375798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016909884","display_name":"Zichen Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7772-5384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138186","display_name":"Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/03c9ncn37","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138186"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zichen Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wuhan National Laboratory of Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7772-5384","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan National Laboratory of Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138186","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100440896","display_name":"Dongsheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5571-1932"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongsheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Circuits, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5571-1932","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Circuits, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100402073","display_name":"Yu Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8421-6794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138186","display_name":"Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/03c9ncn37","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138186"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wuhan National Laboratory of Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8421-6794","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan National Laboratory of Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138186","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5114,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81489412,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"8","first_page":"3710","last_page":"3714"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13869","display_name":"Ocular and Laser Science Research","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/charge-pump","display_name":"Charge pump","score":0.8252897262573242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.6503946185112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biasing","display_name":"Biasing","score":0.5489981770515442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.5133799314498901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitance","display_name":"Capacitance","score":0.4969847500324249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negative-feedback","display_name":"Negative feedback","score":0.4726989269256592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ripple","display_name":"Ripple","score":0.43330034613609314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4289345443248749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4278413951396942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schmitt-trigger","display_name":"Schmitt trigger","score":0.423638254404068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diode","display_name":"Diode","score":0.41939622163772583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.37287911772727966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3026716113090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.2896973490715027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2807197868824005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.19729849696159363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.11469638347625732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.07929849624633789}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114825011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q440704","display_name":"Charge pump","level":4,"score":0.8252897262573242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.6503946185112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20254490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719550","display_name":"Biasing","level":3,"score":0.5489981770515442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5133799314498901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30066665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q164399","display_name":"Capacitance","level":3,"score":0.4969847500324249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93586867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62527","display_name":"Negative feedback","level":3,"score":0.4726989269256592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779599953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1776117","display_name":"Ripple","level":3,"score":0.43330034613609314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4289345443248749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4278413951396942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90201813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202957","display_name":"Schmitt trigger","level":3,"score":0.423638254404068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78434282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11656","display_name":"Diode","level":2,"score":0.41939622163772583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.37287911772727966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3026716113090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.2896973490715027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2807197868824005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.19729849696159363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.11469638347625732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.07929849624633789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2024.3375798","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2024.3375798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7708955859","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62135004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081375306","https://openalex.org/W2136682398","https://openalex.org/W2148275737","https://openalex.org/W2153699615","https://openalex.org/W2219155727","https://openalex.org/W2512278262","https://openalex.org/W2560778774","https://openalex.org/W2576096922","https://openalex.org/W2795061216","https://openalex.org/W2903473052","https://openalex.org/W2956011776","https://openalex.org/W2977164968","https://openalex.org/W2980839101","https://openalex.org/W3026747905","https://openalex.org/W3119109959","https://openalex.org/W3120192381","https://openalex.org/W4220839421","https://openalex.org/W4312256128"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3047012599","https://openalex.org/W2073938006","https://openalex.org/W1925416797","https://openalex.org/W2043191988","https://openalex.org/W2966297013","https://openalex.org/W2058985443","https://openalex.org/W2584157366","https://openalex.org/W2033728410","https://openalex.org/W3133954475","https://openalex.org/W2381811073"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"brief":[1],"introduces":[2],"an":[3],"adaptive":[4,26,212],"feedback":[5,16,27,66,102,191],"scheme":[6,28,194,203],"for":[7,18,154,210,215],"voltage":[8,44,53,75,84,110,159,192,213],"bias":[9,214],"generation":[10],"and":[11,40,106,204],"a":[12,189,207],"novel":[13,63],"charge":[14,47,64,97,131,181],"pump":[15,48,65,98,132,182],"circuit":[17,31,67,205],"Single":[19],"Photon":[20],"Avalanche":[21],"Diodes":[22],"(SPADs).":[23],"The":[24,62,86,201],"proposed":[25,96,180,202],"uses":[29],"sensing":[30],"to":[32,56,121,187],"record":[33],"the":[34,38,42,46,51,57,70,73,78,83,95,100,108,122,126,130,151,157,169,173,176,179,184,197],"dark":[35],"count":[36],"of":[37,45,72,82,104,112,129,139,150,164,175,199],"SPAD":[39,52,153],"controls":[41],"reference":[43],"part,":[49],"achieving":[50],"adjustment":[54],"according":[55],"Dark":[58],"Count":[59],"Rate":[60],"(DCR).":[61],"can":[68],"realize":[69,107,188],"stability":[71],"output":[74,111,127,158],"by":[76,167],"controlling":[77],"current":[79],"charging":[80],"capability":[81],"doublers.":[85],"silicon":[87],"measurement":[88],"with":[89,115],"180":[90],"nm":[91],"technology":[92],"shows":[93],"that":[94],"enables":[99],"negative":[101,190],"control":[103,193],"DCR":[105,140,149,170,198],"maximum":[109],"15":[113],"V":[114,117],"3.3":[116],"input":[118,144],"voltage.":[119],"Thanks":[120],"off-chip":[123],"load":[124],"capacitance,":[125],"ripple":[128],"is":[133,141,183],"only":[134],"40":[135],"mV.":[136],"Linear":[137],"growth":[138],"achieved":[142],"through":[143],"configuration":[145],"signal.":[146],"After":[147],"counting":[148],"dummy":[152],"1":[155],"ms,":[156],"changes":[160],"within":[161],"one":[162],"step":[163],"50":[165],"mV":[166],"judging":[168],"level.":[171],"To":[172],"best":[174],"author\u2019s":[177],"knowledge,":[178],"first":[185],"work":[186],"based":[195],"on":[196],"SPAD.":[200,216],"provide":[206],"promising":[208],"approach":[209],"implementing":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-12T21:12:35.861297","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}