{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391952431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2024.3367716","title":"A 2-D Wideband and Wide Beam-Steering Phased Array Antenna With a Combined Superstrate for 5G Sub-6 GHz Applications","display_name":"A 2-D Wideband and Wide Beam-Steering Phased Array Antenna With a Combined Superstrate for 5G Sub-6 GHz Applications","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391952431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2024.3367716"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2024.3367716","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2024.3367716","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082399867","display_name":"Yao Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4845-5218"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yao Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4845-5218","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103399274","display_name":"Yao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8869-1106"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8869-1106","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ling-Kai Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5698-3064"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling-Kai Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5698-3064","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053057371","display_name":"Yuhang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3355-6166"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Hang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3355-6166","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075162335","display_name":"Shi-Gang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2890-6678"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi-Gang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2890-6678","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100778633","display_name":"Jianying Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9767-982X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian-Ying Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9767-982X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070167182","display_name":"Guangwei Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1763-403X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27577105","display_name":"University College Cork","ror":"https://ror.org/03265fv13","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guang-Wei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1763-403X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082399867"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.9288,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97486987,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"8","first_page":"3720","last_page":"3724"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.799734354019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phased-array","display_name":"Phased array","score":0.7597131729125977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-steering","display_name":"Beam steering","score":0.7194525599479675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4823310077190399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam","display_name":"Beam (structure)","score":0.46461808681488037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.44782179594039917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3870193362236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3867960274219513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3268203139305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.32647544145584106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2934572696685791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2665582597255707}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.799734354019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.7597131729125977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143148639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876192","display_name":"Beam steering","level":3,"score":0.7194525599479675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4823310077190399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.46461808681488037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.44782179594039917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3870193362236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3867960274219513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3268203139305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.32647544145584106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2934572696685791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2665582597255707}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2024.3367716","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2024.3367716","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8399999737739563,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6684501307","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFB2902303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7704568527","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101452","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1533551974","https://openalex.org/W1977573174","https://openalex.org/W2065309095","https://openalex.org/W2284816017","https://openalex.org/W2497524765","https://openalex.org/W2950615649","https://openalex.org/W3088582960","https://openalex.org/W3088754899","https://openalex.org/W3133671959","https://openalex.org/W3139682715","https://openalex.org/W3186848551","https://openalex.org/W3198235402","https://openalex.org/W3198973656","https://openalex.org/W3216560263","https://openalex.org/W4200143024","https://openalex.org/W4292825867","https://openalex.org/W4300519537","https://openalex.org/W4323022399","https://openalex.org/W4385062094"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2354576673","https://openalex.org/W4290716467","https://openalex.org/W2071664861","https://openalex.org/W2391416009","https://openalex.org/W2125200416","https://openalex.org/W4391087564","https://openalex.org/W2993230840","https://openalex.org/W2540286309","https://openalex.org/W2386749714","https://openalex.org/W2381512623"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,21,78,149,195,237],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,88,92,107,118,153,176,223,243,259],"this":[3],"brief":[4],"is":[5,63,112,156,189,198,211,227,251],"to":[6,32,68,96,158,193,253],"present":[7],"a":[8,18,60,98,110,115,228],"two-dimensional":[9],"wideband":[10,39,104],"and":[11,41,59,72,129,191,234,246],"wide":[12,42,247],"beam-steering":[13,248],"phased":[14],"array":[15,30,155,239],"antenna":[16,31,67],"with":[17,114],"combined":[19,54],"superstrate.":[20],"arched":[22],"metal":[23],"columns":[24],"are":[25],"incorporated":[26],"in":[27,38,45,120,169],"the":[28,34,46,66,70,74,86,89,93,103,108,122,154,159,174,177,212,221,224,232,241,257],"dipole":[29,94],"suppress":[33],"mutual":[35],"coupling,":[36],"resulting":[37],"matching":[40,76],"beamwidth":[43,71],"characteristics":[44],"<inline-formula":[47,123,130,181,199],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[48,124,131,143,182,200],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[49,125,132,144,183,201],"<tex-math":[50,126,133,145,184,202],"notation=\"LaTeX\">${E}$":[51,127],"</tex-math></inline-formula>-plane.":[52],"A":[53],"superstrate,":[55],"comprising":[56],"metasurface":[57],"slabs":[58],"dielectric":[61],"layer,":[62],"located":[64],"above":[65],"increase":[69],"enhance":[73],"impedance":[75],"property.":[77],"same":[79],"effect":[80],"can":[81],"be":[82,254],"achieved":[83],"by":[84],"optimizing":[85],"curvature":[87],"exponential":[90],"curves":[91],"edge":[95],"obtain":[97],"deformed":[99],"dipole.":[100],"To":[101,172],"showcase":[102],"wide-scanning":[105],"capability":[106],"device,":[109],"prototype":[111,188],"designed":[113],"scanning":[116],"range":[117],"\u00b160\u00b0":[119],"both":[121],"</tex-math></inline-formula>-":[128,135],"notation=\"LaTeX\">${H}$":[134],"plane":[136],"at":[137,216],"2.5-4.75":[138],"GHz":[139],"(62.1%,":[140],"active":[141],"VSWR<inline-formula":[142],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\leq":[146],"2$":[147],"</tex-math></inline-formula>).":[148],"simulated":[150],"co-polarization":[151],"gain":[152],"close":[157],"ideal":[160],"aperture,":[161],"which":[162,250],"decreases":[163],"no":[164],"more":[165],"than":[166],"3":[167],"dB":[168],"large-angle":[170],"scanning.":[171],"ascertain":[173],"viability":[175],"proposed":[178,238],"design,":[179],"an":[180],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$8\\times":[185],"8$":[186],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[187,210],"manufactured":[190],"subjected":[192],"testing.":[194],"overall":[196],"dimension":[197],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$2.23\\lambda":[203],"_{0}\\times":[204,206],"2.23\\lambda":[205],"0.24\\lambda":[207],"_{0}\\,\\,(\\lambda":[208],"_{0}$":[209],"free":[213],"space":[214],"wavelength":[215],"2.5":[217],"GHz).":[218],"Based":[219],"on":[220],"findings":[222],"experiment,":[225],"there":[226],"good":[229],"concurrence":[230],"between":[231],"design":[233],"measurement":[235],"outcomes.":[236],"demonstrates":[240],"advantages":[242],"low-cost,":[244],"broadband,":[245],"capability,":[249],"expected":[252],"suitable":[255],"for":[256],"implementation":[258],"fifth-generation":[260],"(5G)":[261],"communication":[262],"systems.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}