{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387009964","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2023.3318592","title":"Threshold Switching Memristor-Based Radial-Based Spiking Neuron Circuit for Conversion-Based Spiking Neural Networks Adversarial Attack Improvement","display_name":"Threshold Switching Memristor-Based Radial-Based Spiking Neuron Circuit for Conversion-Based Spiking Neural Networks Adversarial Attack Improvement","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387009964","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2023.3318592"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2023.3318592","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2023.3318592","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057741320","display_name":"Zuheng Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6465-5570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zuheng Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6465-5570","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100318425","display_name":"Wei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3277-5401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050901013","display_name":"Jianxun Zou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianxun Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016494620","display_name":"Zhe Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8058-6384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101913240","display_name":"Tao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9755-0639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9755-0639","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061819988","display_name":"Xiuquan Fang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiuquan Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101581984","display_name":"Xing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7916-8583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041234406","display_name":"Yunlai Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2546-5739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunlai Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2546-5739","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049469312","display_name":"Zuyu Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5042-0703"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zuyu Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101698907","display_name":"Yuehua Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4233-1313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuehua Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.813,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72145684,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"3","first_page":"1446","last_page":"1450"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiking-neural-network","display_name":"Spiking neural network","score":0.8657231330871582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mnist-database","display_name":"MNIST database","score":0.7343941926956177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7271274328231812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6004970073699951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-engineering","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","score":0.594754695892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46115756034851074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.34763985872268677}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11731999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9067355","display_name":"Spiking neural network","level":3,"score":0.8657231330871582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190502265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17069496","display_name":"MNIST database","level":3,"score":0.7343941926956177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7271274328231812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6004970073699951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151927369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981312","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","level":3,"score":0.594754695892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46115756034851074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.34763985872268677}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2023.3318592","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2023.3318592","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121902596","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1908694817","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2308085QF213","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334897","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6616464578","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61874001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6768327374","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62274002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G777138529","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62304001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334897","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1945616565","https://openalex.org/W2081226336","https://openalex.org/W2092056516","https://openalex.org/W2165845297","https://openalex.org/W2898775615","https://openalex.org/W2926419149","https://openalex.org/W3088389543","https://openalex.org/W3093402932","https://openalex.org/W3154209268","https://openalex.org/W3165388686","https://openalex.org/W3212137514","https://openalex.org/W4223921983","https://openalex.org/W4233094822","https://openalex.org/W4282980410","https://openalex.org/W4300970318","https://openalex.org/W4312053145","https://openalex.org/W4312864537","https://openalex.org/W4323708667","https://openalex.org/W4362471304","https://openalex.org/W4377969034","https://openalex.org/W6640425456","https://openalex.org/W6795994632","https://openalex.org/W6850626707"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3137378424","https://openalex.org/W2809732489","https://openalex.org/W4287780255","https://openalex.org/W3023361272","https://openalex.org/W4391092513","https://openalex.org/W4281699635","https://openalex.org/W4321472116","https://openalex.org/W3202619090","https://openalex.org/W3089892344","https://openalex.org/W3102040318"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,80,121,138],"analog":[1],"neural":[2,6],"network":[3,7],"to":[4],"spiking":[5,69,92],"(ANN-to-SNN)":[8],"conversion":[9,24,78,110],"is":[10,73,95],"an":[11],"effective":[12],"method":[13,25],"for":[14,37,75,97,114,133,168],"improving":[15],"the":[16,21,32,45,50,76,84,90,99,104,125,131,135,147,155,169],"performance":[17],"of":[18,34,58,106,140,172],"SNNs.":[19],"However,":[20],"existing":[22],"mainstream":[23],"(rectified":[26],"linear":[27],"unit,":[28],"ReLU)":[29],"still":[30],"face":[31],"problem":[33],"weak":[35],"ability":[36],"adversarial":[38,100,136],"attacks.":[39,137],"In":[40],"this":[41],"brief,":[42],"inspired":[43],"by":[44],"radial":[46,67],"basis":[47,68],"function":[48],"and":[49,53,108],"\u201cnear":[51],"enhancement":[52],"far":[54],"inhibition":[55],"(NEFI)\u201d":[56],"properties":[57],"biological":[59],"neurons,":[60],"a":[61],"threshold":[62],"switching":[63],"(TS)":[64],"memristor":[65],"based":[66,112,142,157],"neuron":[70],"(RBSN)":[71],"circuit":[72,86],"proposed":[74],"ANN-to-SNN":[77,113,143],"implementation.":[79],"results":[81,122],"indicate":[82,123],"that":[83,124],"RBSN":[85,109,126,141],"can":[87],"effectively":[88],"implement":[89],"NEFI":[91],"properties,":[93],"which":[94],"benefit":[96],"filtering":[98],"attacks":[101],"information.":[102],"Furthermore,":[103],"comparison":[105],"ReLU":[107,132,156],"methods":[111],"MNIST":[115],"dataset":[116],"classification":[117],"task":[118],"was":[119],"performed.":[120],"shows":[127],"obviously":[128],"advantage":[129],"than":[130],"confronting":[134],"accuracy":[139],"achieved":[144,161],"~80.6%,":[145],"even":[146],"input":[148],"data":[149],"containing":[150],"40%":[151],"attack":[152],"information,":[153],"whereas":[154],"ANN-to":[158],"SNN":[159],"only":[160],"~49.2%.":[162],"This":[163],"brief":[164],"provides":[165],"new":[166],"ideas":[167],"security":[170],"design":[171],"neuromorphic":[173],"computing":[174],"systems.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
