{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385255491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2023.3298482","title":"Design Considerations for Wideband Hybrid Large-Scale Antenna Array and Implementation of a 5\u201323-GHz CMOS True-Time-Delay Circuit","display_name":"Design Considerations for Wideband Hybrid Large-Scale Antenna Array and Implementation of a 5\u201323-GHz CMOS True-Time-Delay Circuit","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385255491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2023.3298482"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2023.3298482","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2023.3298482","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103143346","display_name":"Peigen Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2316-7539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peigen Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","School of Information Science and Engineering, National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070228879","display_name":"Dixian Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2263-105X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dixian Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","School of Information Science and Engineering, National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103143346"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350","https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2607,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52875279,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"1","first_page":"26","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/true-time-delay","display_name":"True time delay","score":0.7719104886054993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.7261360883712769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6060126423835754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5899064540863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5529501438140869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phased-array","display_name":"Phased array","score":0.4973047077655792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.48905906081199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.4688960909843445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.42869699001312256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.42398035526275635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4236997365951538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.41173255443573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3536481261253357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15664637088775635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.13198769092559814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779816760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q365988","display_name":"True time delay","level":4,"score":0.7719104886054993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.7261360883712769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6060126423835754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5899064540863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5529501438140869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.4973047077655792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.48905906081199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.4688960909843445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.42869699001312256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.42398035526275635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4236997365951538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41173255443573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3536481261253357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15664637088775635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.13198769092559814}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2023.3298482","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2023.3298482","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1584322307","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PCL2021A01-2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318558","funder_display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5448241160","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019YFB1803000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318558","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2102473352","https://openalex.org/W2106370559","https://openalex.org/W2145402100","https://openalex.org/W2171846997","https://openalex.org/W2491428229","https://openalex.org/W2902903140","https://openalex.org/W2947038249","https://openalex.org/W2971559776","https://openalex.org/W3087835045","https://openalex.org/W3119345942","https://openalex.org/W3177992047","https://openalex.org/W3195097391","https://openalex.org/W4248288458","https://openalex.org/W4293153935","https://openalex.org/W4307573526"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1572523746","https://openalex.org/W2147393262","https://openalex.org/W903647768","https://openalex.org/W2347893079","https://openalex.org/W2367105802","https://openalex.org/W2021885215","https://openalex.org/W2150722121","https://openalex.org/W3159067746","https://openalex.org/W4312971258","https://openalex.org/W1969131519"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2,60],"design":[3],"considerations":[4],"for":[5],"hybrid":[6,86],"large-scale":[7],"antenna":[8],"arrays":[9],"steered":[10],"by":[11],"both":[12],"phase":[13],"shifting":[14],"and":[15,38,94],"true-time":[16],"delay":[17,63],"(TTD)":[18],"circuits.":[19],"A":[20],"5\u201323-GHz":[21],"TTD":[22,58],"circuit":[23,59],"with":[24,65],"trombone":[25],"line":[26],"structure":[27],"is":[28],"designed":[29],"to":[30,43,82,98],"accommodate":[31],"such":[32],"arrays.":[33],"Techniques":[34],"of":[35,74],"scaled":[36],"transistors":[37],"inductive":[39],"tuning":[40],"are":[41,80],"applied":[42],"achieve":[44],"small":[45],"gain":[46],"variations":[47],"over":[48],"the":[49,57,99],"bandwidth.":[50],"Fabricated":[51],"in":[52],"40-nm":[53],"bulk":[54],"CMOS":[55],"process,":[56],"125":[61],"ps":[62],"range":[64],"3-bit":[66],"resolution.":[67],"The":[68,77],"die":[69],"occupies":[70],"a":[71,84],"total":[72],"area":[73],"1.6\u00d70.53":[75],"mm.":[76],"measurement":[78],"results":[79],"employed":[81],"operate":[83],"1024-element":[85],"array,":[87],"achieving":[88],"obvious":[89],"improvement":[90],"on":[91],"pointing":[92],"precision":[93],"power":[95],"gain,":[96],"compared":[97],"phased":[100],"array":[101],"architecture.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}