{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385236658","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2023.3298302","title":"A Negative Resistance-Based ULV Variable-Gain OTA for Low-Power Applications","display_name":"A Negative Resistance-Based ULV Variable-Gain OTA for Low-Power Applications","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385236658","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2023.3298302"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2023.3298302","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2023.3298302","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102771774","display_name":"S.M. Santos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4287-4710"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72872986","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Pampa","ror":"https://ror.org/003qt4p19","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72872986"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suzian Mah\u00e9li R. Santos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group, Federal University of Pampa, Alegrete, Brazil","Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group (GAMA), Federal University of Pampa -UNIPAMPA, Alegrete, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4287-4710","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group, Federal University of Pampa, Alegrete, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72872986"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group (GAMA), Federal University of Pampa -UNIPAMPA, Alegrete, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72872986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113031164","display_name":"Tailize Cordeiro de Oliveira","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72872986","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Pampa","ror":"https://ror.org/003qt4p19","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72872986"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tailize C. de Oliveira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group, Federal University of Pampa, Alegrete, Brazil","Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group (GAMA), Federal University of Pampa -UNIPAMPA, Alegrete, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group, Federal University of Pampa, Alegrete, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72872986"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group (GAMA), Federal University of Pampa -UNIPAMPA, Alegrete, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72872986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090138108","display_name":"Alessandro Girardi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0074-7855"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72872986","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Pampa","ror":"https://ror.org/003qt4p19","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72872986"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro G. Girardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group, Federal University of Pampa, Alegrete, Brazil","Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group (GAMA), Federal University of Pampa -UNIPAMPA, Alegrete, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0074-7855","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group, Federal University of Pampa, Alegrete, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72872986"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group (GAMA), Federal University of Pampa -UNIPAMPA, Alegrete, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72872986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057159617","display_name":"Paulo C\u00e9sar C. de Aguirre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1824-5562"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72872986","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Pampa","ror":"https://ror.org/003qt4p19","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72872986"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulo C\u00e9sar C. de Aguirre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group, Federal University of Pampa, Alegrete, Brazil","Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group (GAMA), Federal University of Pampa -UNIPAMPA, Alegrete, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1824-5562","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group, Federal University of Pampa, Alegrete, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72872986"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group (GAMA), Federal University of Pampa -UNIPAMPA, Alegrete, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72872986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021177341","display_name":"Wilhelmus Van Noije","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9010-3083"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wilhelmus A. M. Van Noije","raw_affiliation_strings":["Polytechnic School, University of S&#x00E3;o Paulo, S&#x00E3;o Paulo, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9010-3083","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Polytechnic School, University of S&#x00E3;o Paulo, S&#x00E3;o Paulo, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017282448","display_name":"Lucas Compassi-Severo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3092-4023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72872986","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Pampa","ror":"https://ror.org/003qt4p19","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72872986"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucas Compassi-Severo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group, Federal University of Pampa, Alegrete, Brazil","Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group (GAMA), Federal University of Pampa -UNIPAMPA, Alegrete, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3092-4023","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group, Federal University of Pampa, Alegrete, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72872986"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Research Group (GAMA), Federal University of Pampa -UNIPAMPA, Alegrete, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72872986"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3888,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54570532,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"1","first_page":"86","last_page":"90"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-loop-gain","display_name":"Open-loop gain","score":0.5800147652626038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5595027804374695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.5513316988945007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable-gain-amplifier","display_name":"Variable-gain amplifier","score":0.5023539066314697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-gain-control","display_name":"Automatic gain control","score":0.44371694326400757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negative-resistance","display_name":"Negative resistance","score":0.44254615902900696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.44181177020072937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-voltage","display_name":"Low voltage","score":0.43556106090545654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.41540318727493286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3852892816066742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.37256428599357605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.351222425699234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-amplifier","display_name":"Operational amplifier","score":0.27487912774086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.27239108085632324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.21321582794189453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143931264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5932986","display_name":"Open-loop gain","level":5,"score":0.5800147652626038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5595027804374695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.5513316988945007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91541141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1894933","display_name":"Variable-gain amplifier","level":5,"score":0.5023539066314697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177502760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782524","display_name":"Automatic gain control","level":4,"score":0.44371694326400757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14121696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q925339","display_name":"Negative resistance","level":3,"score":0.44254615902900696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.44181177020072937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128624480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504817","display_name":"Low voltage","level":3,"score":0.43556106090545654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.41540318727493286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3852892816066742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.37256428599357605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.351222425699234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145366948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178947","display_name":"Operational amplifier","level":4,"score":0.27487912774086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27239108085632324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.21321582794189453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2023.3298302","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2023.3298302","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3820894667","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"407344/2022-5","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","funder_display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5081980432","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22/2551-0000841-0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322502","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","ror":"https://ror.org/00x0ma614"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/03swz6y49"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322502","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/05k49za97"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978658875","https://openalex.org/W2020853764","https://openalex.org/W2244730210","https://openalex.org/W2344684067","https://openalex.org/W2523627027","https://openalex.org/W2782478540","https://openalex.org/W2800824035","https://openalex.org/W2930603527","https://openalex.org/W2972054101","https://openalex.org/W2982601926","https://openalex.org/W2996988106","https://openalex.org/W3012679944","https://openalex.org/W3108654089","https://openalex.org/W3120609227","https://openalex.org/W3202471998","https://openalex.org/W4281294521","https://openalex.org/W4281295218"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2360549081","https://openalex.org/W1585165462","https://openalex.org/W4377235202","https://openalex.org/W2361632208","https://openalex.org/W2113510630","https://openalex.org/W2784081185","https://openalex.org/W2357914858","https://openalex.org/W1994458426","https://openalex.org/W1973951761","https://openalex.org/W1875776856"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"brief,":[2],"a":[3,38,53,63,85],"new":[4],"low-power":[5],"and":[6,22,45],"low-voltage":[7,111],"configurable-gain":[8],"small-signal":[9],"amplifier":[10],"is":[11,14,105],"proposed.":[12],"It":[13],"based":[15],"on":[16],"an":[17,24],"active":[18],"negative":[19],"resistance":[20],"circuit":[21,43],"incorporates":[23],"improved":[25],"technique":[26],"for":[27,60,84],"controlling":[28],"output":[29],"common-mode":[30],"voltage":[31,65],"stability":[32],"in":[33,56,95],"all":[34],"gain":[35,78,87],"range":[36,97],"using":[37],"replica":[39],"bias":[40],"strategy.":[41],"The":[42,69,103],"modeling":[44],"sizing":[46],"procedure":[47],"are":[48],"described,":[49],"as":[50,52],"well":[51],"prototype":[54],"version":[55],"180-nm":[57],"CMOS":[58],"process":[59],"operation":[61],"with":[62,92,114],"supply":[64],"of":[66,89,98,109,117],"0.4":[67],"V.":[68],"measurement":[70],"results":[71],"demonstrate":[72],"the":[73,96,115],"ability":[74],"to":[75,81,100,107],"provide":[76],"variable":[77],"from":[79],"3":[80],"22":[82],"dB":[83],"unity":[86],"frequency":[88],"55":[90],"kHz":[91],"power":[93],"consumption":[94],"94":[99],"549":[101],"nW.":[102],"performance":[104],"comparable":[106],"that":[108],"state-of-the-art":[110],"variable-gain":[112],"amplifiers,":[113],"advantage":[116],"requiring":[118],"less":[119],"silicon":[120],"area.":[121]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-12-22T23:10:17.713674","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
