{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4324290742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2023.3257168","title":"A Highly-Efficient Doherty Power Amplifier With Generalized Parallel-Circuit Class-EF Mode","display_name":"A Highly-Efficient Doherty Power Amplifier With Generalized Parallel-Circuit Class-EF Mode","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4324290742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2023.3257168"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2023.3257168","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2023.3257168","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007965793","display_name":"Chang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3719-7508"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105136","display_name":"Yangtze River Delta Physics Research Center (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/01g53qc72","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105136"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China","Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of NPU, Taicang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3719-7508","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of NPU, Taicang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105136"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100331052","display_name":"Xiang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4013-5773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45683168","display_name":"Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/05f8d4e86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Polytechnique Montréal, Montreal, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4013-5773","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Polytechnique Montréal, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086339362","display_name":"Fadhel M. Ghannouchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6788-1656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168635309","display_name":"University of Calgary","ror":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fadhel M. Ghannouchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["iRadio Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6788-1656","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"iRadio Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9291,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73315233,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"8","first_page":"2819","last_page":"2823"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10099","display_name":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.7913225889205933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-electron-mobility-transistor","display_name":"High-electron-mobility transistor","score":0.6404160261154175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doherty-amplifier","display_name":"Doherty amplifier","score":0.5847774744033813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5283594727516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.5078580975532532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.5016541481018066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.4904031753540039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4164656400680542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic","display_name":"Harmonic","score":0.4157086908817291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.40448126196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3723897337913513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.3629857301712036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rf-power-amplifier","display_name":"RF power amplifier","score":0.35639044642448425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3353210985660553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.30072012543678284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2582136392593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.24885421991348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.11105826497077942}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.7913225889205933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162057924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1617706","display_name":"High-electron-mobility transistor","level":4,"score":0.6404160261154175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779809587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5288561","display_name":"Doherty amplifier","level":5,"score":0.5847774744033813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5283594727516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.5078580975532532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.5016541481018066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4904031753540039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4164656400680542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127934551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148098","display_name":"Harmonic","level":2,"score":0.4157086908817291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.40448126196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3723897337913513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3629857301712036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196054291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7276624","display_name":"RF power amplifier","level":4,"score":0.35639044642448425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3353210985660553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30072012543678284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2582136392593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.24885421991348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.11105826497077942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2023.3257168","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2023.3257168","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.polymtl.ca:53547","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.polymtl.ca/53547/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401013","display_name":"PolyPublie (\u00c9cole Polytechnique de Montr\u00e9al)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45683168","host_organization_name":"Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article de revue"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3544358675","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G2022WD01007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321392","funder_display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G651070701","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201466","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321392","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972827691","https://openalex.org/W2037053961","https://openalex.org/W2047020127","https://openalex.org/W2110776398","https://openalex.org/W2128393550","https://openalex.org/W2145709125","https://openalex.org/W2162479629","https://openalex.org/W2164549013","https://openalex.org/W2168932058","https://openalex.org/W2181985088","https://openalex.org/W2594266291","https://openalex.org/W2909034391","https://openalex.org/W2941325734","https://openalex.org/W2969460561","https://openalex.org/W3006104180","https://openalex.org/W3011863458","https://openalex.org/W3014768037","https://openalex.org/W4285264892","https://openalex.org/W4312924574","https://openalex.org/W4312939769","https://openalex.org/W4312959488","https://openalex.org/W6659546931","https://openalex.org/W6847785380","https://openalex.org/W6847941585"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3177917596","https://openalex.org/W1638655194","https://openalex.org/W2146310500","https://openalex.org/W2289203794","https://openalex.org/W2074999345","https://openalex.org/W2081104977","https://openalex.org/W2399724170","https://openalex.org/W2275294017","https://openalex.org/W2009757558","https://openalex.org/W2364102273"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,70],"this":[1,18,71],"brief,":[2],"a":[3,44,86,99,114],"highly-efficient":[4],"Doherty":[5],"power":[6,28,136],"amplifier":[7],"(DPA)":[8],"architecture":[9],"with":[10,120],"generalized":[11],"parallel-circuit":[12],"class-EF":[13],"mode":[14],"is":[15,93],"proposed.":[16],"With":[17],"topology,":[19],"the":[20,26,37,54,61,66,73,77,109,121,134],"ideal":[21,62],"harmonic":[22,46],"impedance":[23],"conditions":[24,64],"at":[25,60,90,133],"deep":[27],"back-off":[29],"(PBO)":[30],"region":[31,34],"and":[32,50,95],"saturation":[33],"can":[35,57,79],"remain":[36],"same.":[38],"Based":[39],"on":[40,98],"it,":[41],"by":[42],"adding":[43],"single":[45],"control":[47],"network":[48],"(HCN)":[49],"an":[51,84],"offset":[52],"line,":[53],"carrier":[55],"PA":[56],"be":[58,80],"operated":[59],"high-efficiency":[63,87],"within":[65],"above":[67],"two":[68],"regions.":[69],"case,":[72],"overall":[74],"efficiency":[75,116],"of":[76,108,118,124,131],"DPA":[78,88],"improved":[81],"simultaneously.":[82],"As":[83],"example,":[85],"working":[89],"2.6":[91],"GHz":[92],"designed":[94],"fabricated":[96],"based":[97],"Wolfspeed":[100],"CGH40010F":[101],"GaN":[102],"HEMT":[103],"transistor.":[104],"The":[105],"measured":[106],"results":[107],"proposed":[110],"structure":[111],"demonstrated":[112],"that":[113],"drain":[115],"(DE)":[117],"76.7%":[119],"peak":[122],"outpower":[123],"45.2":[125],"dBm,":[126],"as":[127,129],"well":[128],"DE":[130],"74.8%":[132],"6dB":[135],"back":[137],"off":[138],"region.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}