{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285055485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2022.3183007","title":"A Vector Systolic Accelerator for Multi-Precision Floating-Point High-Performance Computing","display_name":"A Vector Systolic Accelerator for Multi-Precision Floating-Point High-Performance Computing","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285055485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2022.3183007"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2022.3183007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2022.3183007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090865912","display_name":"Kai Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3251-931X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kai Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, and Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, and Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062269789","display_name":"Wei Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2527-6778"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, and Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, and Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066513238","display_name":"Junzhuo Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6317-6373"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junzhuo Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, and Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, and Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100772375","display_name":"Boyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9709-9673"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, and Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, and Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089526765","display_name":"Zhengke Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengke Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, and Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, and Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032756051","display_name":"Shuxing Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuxing Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, and Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, and Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006159218","display_name":"Laimin Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3119-3805"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laimin Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, and Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, and Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022383429","display_name":"Sixiao Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2252-0678"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sixiao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, and Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, and Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034853402","display_name":"Hao Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2674-4118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, and Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, and Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090865912"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3807,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80156795,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"10","first_page":"4123","last_page":"4127"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flops","display_name":"FLOPS","score":0.7813211679458618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/double-precision-floating-point-format","display_name":"Double-precision floating-point format","score":0.5338730812072754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5258567929267883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.46120163798332214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/floating-point","display_name":"Floating point","score":0.44488081336021423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplication","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","score":0.43433454632759094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.40472662448883057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39849764108657837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.30456215143203735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.0994688868522644}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3826847","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188768","display_name":"FLOPS","level":2,"score":0.7813211679458618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35912277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1243369","display_name":"Double-precision floating-point format","level":3,"score":0.5338730812072754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5258567929267883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.46120163798332214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84211073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117879","display_name":"Floating point","level":2,"score":0.44488081336021423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780595030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3860309","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","level":2,"score":0.43433454632759094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.40472662448883057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39849764108657837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.30456215143203735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0994688868522644}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2022.3183007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2022.3183007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2781527179","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62034007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8845861063","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KQTD20200820113051096","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336569","funder_display_name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336569","display_name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2051808873","https://openalex.org/W2088700126","https://openalex.org/W2144921006","https://openalex.org/W2147479230","https://openalex.org/W2291011484","https://openalex.org/W2319134828","https://openalex.org/W2472089204","https://openalex.org/W2590023945","https://openalex.org/W2606722458","https://openalex.org/W2914973130","https://openalex.org/W2922522393","https://openalex.org/W2987956272","https://openalex.org/W3011681010","https://openalex.org/W3113606433","https://openalex.org/W3136625312","https://openalex.org/W3185215509","https://openalex.org/W3217237164","https://openalex.org/W4205729510","https://openalex.org/W4225568005","https://openalex.org/W6630562399","https://openalex.org/W6720651388"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3215589575","https://openalex.org/W2057797376","https://openalex.org/W2090319426","https://openalex.org/W3150959508","https://openalex.org/W2506252583","https://openalex.org/W4297795876","https://openalex.org/W1571090276","https://openalex.org/W1861262881","https://openalex.org/W2156524298","https://openalex.org/W1982528625"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"is":[1,50,106,122],"an":[2],"emerging":[3],"need":[4],"to":[5,111],"design":[6,121],"multi-precision":[7,45,136],"floating-point":[8],"(FP)":[9],"accelerators":[10],"for":[11,108],"high-performance-computing":[12],"(HPC)":[13],"applications.":[14],"The":[15,63,119],"commonly-used":[16],"methods":[17],"are":[18,61],"based":[19],"on":[20],"high-precision-split":[21],"(HPS)":[22],"and":[23,34,59,85,116,156,166],"low-precision-combination":[24],"(LPC)":[25],"structures,":[26],"which":[27],"suffer":[28],"from":[29],"low":[30],"hardware":[31,99],"utilization":[32,100],"ratio":[33],"various":[35],"multiple":[36],"clock-cycle":[37],"processing":[38,47],"periods.":[39],"In":[40],"this":[41],"brief,":[42],"a":[43,125],"new":[44],"FP":[46,137],"element":[48],"(PE)":[49],"developed":[51],"with":[52,96,128,133,161],"proposed":[53,64,120,140],"bit-partitioning":[54],"method.":[55],"Minimized":[56],"redundant":[57],"bits":[58],"operands":[60],"achieved.":[62],"PE":[65,109],"supports":[66],"<inline-formula":[67,76,86],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[68,77,87],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[69,78,88],"<tex-math":[70,79,89],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$16\\times":[71],"$":[72,81,91],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[73,82,92],"half-precision":[74],"(FP16),":[75],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$4\\times":[80],"single-precision":[83],"(FP32)":[84],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$1\\times":[90],"double-precision":[93],"(FP64)":[94],"operations":[95],"100%":[97],"multiplication":[98],"ratio.":[101],"Besides,":[102],"vector":[103],"systolic":[104],"structure":[105],"designed":[107],"array":[110],"increase":[112],"the":[113,134,139,143],"system-level":[114],"throughput":[115],"energy":[117],"efficiency.":[118],"realized":[123],"in":[124],"28-nm":[126],"process":[127],"1.351-GHz":[129],"clock":[130],"frequency.":[131],"Compared":[132],"existing":[135],"methods,":[138],"work":[141],"exhibits":[142],"best":[144],"energy-efficiency":[145],"performance":[146],"of":[147],"1193":[148],"GFLOPS/W":[149,153,158],"at":[150,154,159,162],"FP16,":[151],"317":[152],"FP32":[155],"77.3":[157],"FP64":[160],"least":[163],"22.3%,":[164],"30%":[165],"3.3%":[167],"improvement,":[168],"respectively.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}