{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285175765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2022.3178103","title":"Design of a High Throughput Pseudorandom Number Generator Based on Discrete Hyper-Chaotic System","display_name":"Design of a High Throughput Pseudorandom Number Generator Based on Discrete Hyper-Chaotic System","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285175765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2022.3178103"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2022.3178103","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2022.3178103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079381611","display_name":"Shouliang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7090-0811"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76214153","display_name":"Lanzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mkqqe32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shouliang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091485682","display_name":"Yinzhe Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1672-8357"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76214153","display_name":"Lanzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mkqqe32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinzhe Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071694308","display_name":"Fengyuan Ren","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76214153","display_name":"Lanzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mkqqe32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengyuan Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101519044","display_name":"Zhen Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2004-4177"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76214153","display_name":"Lanzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mkqqe32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2004-4177","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1322,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93069307,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"2","first_page":"806","last_page":"810"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10244","display_name":"Chaos control and synchronization","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12946","display_name":"Fractal and DNA sequence analysis","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chaotic","display_name":"Chaotic","score":0.8449479937553406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudorandom-number-generator","display_name":"Pseudorandom number generator","score":0.7923537492752075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nist","display_name":"NIST","score":0.7842738628387451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness","display_name":"Randomness","score":0.7750372886657715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-number-generation","display_name":"Random number generation","score":0.7436493635177612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.6361039280891418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyapunov-exponent","display_name":"Lyapunov exponent","score":0.6348710060119629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5702399611473083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logistic-map","display_name":"Logistic map","score":0.5163401365280151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.5101607441902161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.4720279276371002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4442235827445984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness-tests","display_name":"Randomness tests","score":0.433319091796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.31453847885131836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.19730594754219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14277678728103638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09957677125930786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.07720771431922913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777052490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072826","display_name":"Chaotic","level":2,"score":0.8449479937553406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140642157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1623338","display_name":"Pseudorandom number generator","level":2,"score":0.7923537492752075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111219384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6954384","display_name":"NIST","level":2,"score":0.7842738628387451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125112378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176640","display_name":"Randomness","level":2,"score":0.7750372886657715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201866948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228206","display_name":"Random number generation","level":2,"score":0.7436493635177612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.6361039280891418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191544260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1238630","display_name":"Lyapunov exponent","level":3,"score":0.6348710060119629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5702399611473083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205330730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q587182","display_name":"Logistic map","level":3,"score":0.5163401365280151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5101607441902161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.4720279276371002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4442235827445984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18017163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13560113","display_name":"Randomness tests","level":3,"score":0.433319091796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.31453847885131836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.19730594754219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14277678728103638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09957677125930786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07720771431922913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2022.3178103","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2022.3178103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:/ir.lzu.edu.cn/:262010/482126","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ir.lzu.edu.cn/handle/262010/482126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923049","display_name":"Lanzhou University Institutional Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"\u671f\u520a\u8bba\u6587"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G473014971","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20210424","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6986784928","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB1700103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8803203042","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62132007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1862394037","https://openalex.org/W1983443845","https://openalex.org/W2014683958","https://openalex.org/W2036870441","https://openalex.org/W2096327620","https://openalex.org/W2102875151","https://openalex.org/W2124970715","https://openalex.org/W2137719064","https://openalex.org/W2165801592","https://openalex.org/W2241882783","https://openalex.org/W2249740901","https://openalex.org/W2384141716","https://openalex.org/W2478596038","https://openalex.org/W2738748671","https://openalex.org/W2743732015","https://openalex.org/W2751685459","https://openalex.org/W2896627433","https://openalex.org/W2901050362","https://openalex.org/W2907391117","https://openalex.org/W2914945329","https://openalex.org/W2928059434","https://openalex.org/W2930840217","https://openalex.org/W2946294881","https://openalex.org/W2993715147","https://openalex.org/W2994775901","https://openalex.org/W3047920030","https://openalex.org/W3090698787","https://openalex.org/W3171132384"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772380824","https://openalex.org/W2104480405","https://openalex.org/W2062045810","https://openalex.org/W1534576401","https://openalex.org/W2988803943","https://openalex.org/W3103095306","https://openalex.org/W3124991594","https://openalex.org/W2775374936","https://openalex.org/W3017028162","https://openalex.org/W4312279389"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Chaotic":[0],"systems":[1],"with":[2,34],"non-linear":[3],"dynamic":[4],"behaviors":[5],"enable":[6],"them":[7],"to":[8,115],"be":[9],"potential":[10],"candidates":[11],"for":[12],"pseudo-random":[13],"number":[14],"generators":[15],"(PRNGs).":[16],"Most":[17],"PRNGs":[18],"are":[19],"capable":[20],"of":[21,52,54,111,127],"throughputs":[22],"in":[23],"the":[24,68,72,91,124,133,139],"Gbps":[25,121],"range.":[26],"Here,":[27],"we":[28],"propose":[29],"a":[30,49],"discrete":[31],"hyper-chaotic":[32],"system":[33,97],"an":[35],"embedded":[36],"cross-coupled":[37],"topological":[38],"structure,":[39],"which":[40,112],"has":[41],"two":[42],"large":[43],"positive":[44],"Lyapunov":[45],"exponents":[46],"(LEs)":[47],"exhibit":[48],"high":[50],"level":[51,126],"complexity":[53],"chaotic":[55,58],"dynamics.":[56],"The":[57,108],"sequences":[59],"generated":[60,70,134],"by":[61,71,129],"ours":[62],"show":[63],"better":[64],"randomness":[65],"quality":[66],"than":[67,123],"ones":[69],"tent":[73],"and":[74,84,118,143],"2D":[75],"logistic":[76],"maps":[77],"when":[78],"evaluated":[79],"via":[80],"Sample":[81],"Entropy":[82,86],"(SE)":[83],"Permutation":[85],"(PE).":[87],"Last":[88],"but":[89],"not":[90],"least,":[92],"PRNG":[93],"based":[94],"on":[95,103],"our":[96],"reveals":[98],"good":[99],"hardware":[100],"resources":[101],"utilization":[102],"field-programmable":[104],"gate":[105],"array":[106],"(FPGA).":[107],"bits":[109,135],"throughput":[110],"is":[113],"up":[114],"10.04":[116],"Gbps,":[117],"over":[119],"3.62":[120],"larger":[122],"highest":[125],"designs":[128],"far.":[130],"And":[131],"all":[132],"have":[136],"successfully":[137],"passed":[138],"famous":[140],"NIST":[141],"SP800.22":[142],"TestU01":[144],"without":[145],"extra":[146],"post-processing.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}