{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4225843113","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2022.3168404","title":"Processing-in-Memory Technology for Machine Learning: From Basic to ASIC","display_name":"Processing-in-Memory Technology for Machine Learning: From Basic to ASIC","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4225843113","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2022.3168404"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2022.3168404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2022.3168404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007962593","display_name":"Brady Taylor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2032-0960"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brady Taylor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2032-0960","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qilin Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qilin Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102009269","display_name":"Ziru Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1230-7953"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziru Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1230-7953","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100413190","display_name":"Shiyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1990-7150"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1990-7150","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058073627","display_name":"Yiran Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1486-8412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiran Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1486-8412","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9718,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73087693,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"6","first_page":"2598","last_page":"2603"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7728016972541809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.7306888103485107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-specific-integrated-circuit","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","score":0.6155350208282471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-memory-processing","display_name":"In-Memory Processing","score":0.5162991881370544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.46812903881073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4609032869338989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4420563876628876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.42796069383621216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.36297914385795593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3551962971687317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3286172151565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.12633994221687317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.12170711159706116}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7728016972541809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.7306888103485107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77390884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217302","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.6155350208282471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123593499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6008583","display_name":"In-Memory Processing","level":5,"score":0.5162991881370544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.46812903881073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4609032869338989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4420563876628876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.42796069383621216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.36297914385795593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3551962971687317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3286172151565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.12633994221687317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.12170711159706116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194222762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114486","display_name":"Query by Example","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164120249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q995982","display_name":"Web search query","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2022.3168404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2022.3168404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1413169137","display_name":"Collaborative Research: Two-dimensional Synaptic Array for Advanced Hardware Acceleration of Deep Neural Networks","funder_award_id":"1955246","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2830078906","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-19-2-0107","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3677370297","display_name":"FET: Small: RESONANCE: Accelerating Speech/Language Processing through Collective Training using Commodity ReRAM Chips","funder_award_id":"1910299","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4789755018","display_name":"SPX: Collaborative Research: Ula! - An Integrated Deep Neural Network (DNN) Acceleration Framework with Enhanced Unsupervised Learning Capability","funder_award_id":"1725456","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994589723","https://openalex.org/W2018774711","https://openalex.org/W2081729575","https://openalex.org/W2082690044","https://openalex.org/W2476616835","https://openalex.org/W2515417790","https://openalex.org/W2517239728","https://openalex.org/W2588666075","https://openalex.org/W2606722458","https://openalex.org/W2613569094","https://openalex.org/W2613989746","https://openalex.org/W2750945255","https://openalex.org/W2782791387","https://openalex.org/W2794141774","https://openalex.org/W2798554798","https://openalex.org/W2801000640","https://openalex.org/W2801055138","https://openalex.org/W2830509727","https://openalex.org/W2900379535","https://openalex.org/W2904299207","https://openalex.org/W2920326572","https://openalex.org/W2927922499","https://openalex.org/W2946429553","https://openalex.org/W2964810732","https://openalex.org/W2981971286","https://openalex.org/W2985727781","https://openalex.org/W2990591126","https://openalex.org/W3043783230","https://openalex.org/W3083631135","https://openalex.org/W3092108775","https://openalex.org/W3092368495","https://openalex.org/W3098876467","https://openalex.org/W3134526034","https://openalex.org/W3159353913","https://openalex.org/W3161810489","https://openalex.org/W3164913974","https://openalex.org/W3189166979","https://openalex.org/W3193784739","https://openalex.org/W4220837341","https://openalex.org/W4220958508","https://openalex.org/W4220990849","https://openalex.org/W4238869234","https://openalex.org/W4243519499","https://openalex.org/W4245731639","https://openalex.org/W4253860821","https://openalex.org/W4254672563"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2165367082","https://openalex.org/W1972641423","https://openalex.org/W611446063","https://openalex.org/W2611005572","https://openalex.org/W4200536635","https://openalex.org/W2616898560","https://openalex.org/W4225843113","https://openalex.org/W3145926676","https://openalex.org/W2530139912","https://openalex.org/W3158396463"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1],"the":[2,25,47,57,74,85],"need":[3],"for":[4,35,84],"computing":[5],"models":[6],"that":[7],"can":[8],"process":[9],"large":[10],"quantities":[11],"of":[12,49,67,76,87],"data":[13],"efficiently":[14],"and":[15,59,69],"with":[16],"high":[17],"throughput":[18],"in":[19,52],"many":[20],"state-of-the-art":[21],"machine":[22],"learning":[23],"algorithms,":[24],"processing-in-memory":[26],"(PIM)":[27],"paradigm":[28],"is":[29],"emerging":[30],"as":[31],"a":[32],"potential":[33],"replacement":[34],"standard":[36],"digital":[37],"architectures":[38],"on":[39],"these":[40],"workloads.":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43],"tutorial,":[44],"we":[45,80],"review":[46],"progress":[48],"PIM":[50,71,88],"technology":[51,72],"recent":[53],"years,":[54],"at":[55],"both":[56],"circuit":[58],"architecture":[60],"level.":[61],"We":[62],"further":[63],"present":[64],"an":[65],"analysis":[66],"when":[68],"how":[70],"surpasses":[73],"performance":[75],"conventional":[77],"architectures.":[78],"Finally,":[79],"outline":[81],"our":[82],"vision":[83],"future":[86],"technology.":[89]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
