{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3196124035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2021.3107535","title":"Voltage Regulation of DC-DC Buck Converters Feeding CPLs via Deep Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"Voltage Regulation of DC-DC Buck Converters Feeding CPLs via Deep Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3196124035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2021.3107535","mag":"3196124035"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2021.3107535","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2021.3107535","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005830480","display_name":"Chenggang Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9463-384X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23632641","display_name":"Shanghai University of Electric Power","ror":"https://ror.org/02w4tny03","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23632641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chenggang Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Autonomous Systems Laboratory, College of Automation Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Autonomous Systems Laboratory, College of Automation Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23632641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019436138","display_name":"Nan Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3443-3176"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23632641","display_name":"Shanghai University of Electric Power","ror":"https://ror.org/02w4tny03","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23632641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nan Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Autonomous Systems Laboratory, College of Automation Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Autonomous Systems Laboratory, College of Automation Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23632641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005995312","display_name":"Baixiang Huangfu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6326-7728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23632641","display_name":"Shanghai University of Electric Power","ror":"https://ror.org/02w4tny03","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23632641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baixiang Huangfu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Autonomous Systems Laboratory, College of Automation Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Autonomous Systems Laboratory, College of Automation Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23632641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066152670","display_name":"Tianxiao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4244-3208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23632641","display_name":"Shanghai University of Electric Power","ror":"https://ror.org/02w4tny03","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23632641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianxiao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Autonomous Systems Laboratory, College of Automation Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Autonomous Systems Laboratory, College of Automation Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23632641"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100674152","display_name":"Chuanlin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6052-1682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23632641","display_name":"Shanghai University of Electric Power","ror":"https://ror.org/02w4tny03","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23632641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuanlin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Autonomous Systems Laboratory, College of Automation Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Autonomous Systems Laboratory, College of Automation Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23632641"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005830480"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23632641"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.8694,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":73,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96905892,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"3","first_page":"1777","last_page":"1781"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10228","display_name":"Multilevel Inverters and Converters","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10228","display_name":"Multilevel Inverters and Converters","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10175","display_name":"Advanced DC-DC Converters","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.7844843864440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7754316329956055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.653556764125824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/settling-time","display_name":"Settling time","score":0.6221309304237366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6164660453796387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buck-converter","display_name":"Buck converter","score":0.5212534070014954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.42770132422447205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.24987977743148804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.23456978797912598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23001977801322937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18141594529151917}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.7844843864440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7754316329956055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.653556764125824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14781684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3983320","display_name":"Settling time","level":3,"score":0.6221309304237366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6164660453796387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150818752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83804","display_name":"Buck converter","level":3,"score":0.5212534070014954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.42770132422447205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.24987977743148804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.23456978797912598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23001977801322937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18141594529151917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160030872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142864","display_name":"Step response","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2021.3107535","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2021.3107535","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G129268398","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51607111","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2697279262","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62173221","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7924642435","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20QA1404000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327803","funder_display_name":"Shanghai Rising-Star Program"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327803","display_name":"Shanghai Rising-Star Program","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336023","display_name":"Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1932847118","https://openalex.org/W2071345726","https://openalex.org/W2072197656","https://openalex.org/W2147448577","https://openalex.org/W2565516711","https://openalex.org/W2829536470","https://openalex.org/W2934060014","https://openalex.org/W2949308315","https://openalex.org/W2956606690","https://openalex.org/W2970102598","https://openalex.org/W2973843340","https://openalex.org/W2974720649","https://openalex.org/W2994779380","https://openalex.org/W3010163017","https://openalex.org/W3011605778","https://openalex.org/W3015636306","https://openalex.org/W3039954472","https://openalex.org/W3142053154","https://openalex.org/W4205935794","https://openalex.org/W4210375380"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W631083485","https://openalex.org/W4313452936","https://openalex.org/W2097026685","https://openalex.org/W2480068220","https://openalex.org/W2070883797","https://openalex.org/W4386859288","https://openalex.org/W2102542442","https://openalex.org/W1986220761","https://openalex.org/W2042495646","https://openalex.org/W2322184985"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modeling":[0],"accuracy":[1],"of":[2,11,15,31,47,84,99,117,139,147],"DC-DC":[3,48],"converters":[4],"may":[5],"deviate":[6],"largely":[7],"in":[8,36,61,136,153],"the":[9,29,37,42,81,85,93,100,114,118,125,129,137,143,162],"presence":[10],"different":[12],"variation":[13],"levels":[14],"constant":[16],"power":[17],"loads":[18],"(CPLs),":[19],"hence":[20],"is":[21,59,110,133],"well":[22],"acknowledged":[23],"as":[24],"a":[25,51,65,72,89,106,122],"main":[26],"hurdle":[27],"for":[28,80],"design":[30],"advanced":[32],"model-driven":[33],"control":[34,57,94,131],"strategies":[35],"literature.":[38],"Aiming":[39],"to":[40,112,155],"enhance":[41],"bus":[43],"voltage":[44],"regulation":[45],"performance":[46,98],"buck":[49],"converters,":[50],"model-free":[52],"deep":[53,73],"reinforcement":[54],"learning":[55],"(DRL)":[56],"strategy":[58],"proposed":[60,130],"this":[62],"brief.":[63],"Firstly,":[64],"Markov":[66],"Decision":[67],"Process":[68],"(MDP)":[69],"model":[70],"and":[71,96,157,164],"Q":[74],"network":[75],"(DQN)":[76],"algorithm":[77],"are":[78,102],"utilized":[79],"stabilization":[82],"issue":[83],"converter.":[86],"Secondly,":[87],"through":[88],"subgoal":[90],"reward/penalty":[91],"mechanism,":[92],"objective":[95],"prescribed":[97],"system":[101],"therefore":[103],"guaranteed.":[104],"Moreover,":[105],"specified":[107],"action":[108],"space":[109],"designed":[111],"match":[113],"switch":[115],"speed":[116],"switching":[119],"element.":[120],"As":[121],"distinguishable":[123],"feature,":[124],"settling":[126],"time":[127],"under":[128,166],"scheme":[132],"significantly":[134],"reduced":[135],"occurrence":[138],"disturbance,":[140],"resulting":[141],"from":[142],"fast":[144],"adaption":[145],"ability":[146],"DRL.":[148],"The":[149],"simulation":[150],"comparison":[151],"results":[152],"reference":[154],"PI":[156,159],"fuzzy":[158],"controllers":[160],"demonstrate":[161],"efficacy":[163],"superiorities":[165],"large":[167],"signal":[168],"perturbation":[169],"conditions.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
