{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3128874332","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2021.3056452","title":"A Novel Quaternion Kernel LMS Algorithm With Variable Kernel Width","display_name":"A Novel Quaternion Kernel LMS Algorithm With Variable Kernel Width","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3128874332","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2021.3056452","mag":"3128874332"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2021.3056452","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2021.3056452","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102831068","display_name":"Wei Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6684-5642"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101490811","display_name":"Chao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1410-5466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102831068"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1015,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85259674,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"7","first_page":"2715","last_page":"2719"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11233","display_name":"Advanced Adaptive Filtering Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11233","display_name":"Advanced Adaptive Filtering Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.7436893582344055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable-kernel-density-estimation","display_name":"Variable kernel density estimation","score":0.6886042356491089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6407034397125244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quaternion","display_name":"Quaternion","score":0.5667399168014526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-method","display_name":"Kernel method","score":0.5373764038085938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-adaptive-filter","display_name":"Kernel adaptive filter","score":0.5115283727645874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5049033761024475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radial-basis-function-kernel","display_name":"Radial basis function kernel","score":0.4154728949069977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polynomial-kernel","display_name":"Polynomial kernel","score":0.4153536260128021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-smoother","display_name":"Kernel smoother","score":0.4115748107433319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.38601887226104736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.28853994607925415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1841103732585907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.13705217838287354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter-design","display_name":"Filter design","score":0.12298142910003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.06048431992530823}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.7436893582344055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195699287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915722","display_name":"Variable kernel density estimation","level":4,"score":0.6886042356491089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6407034397125244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200127275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173853","display_name":"Quaternion","level":2,"score":0.5667399168014526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122280245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620622","display_name":"Kernel method","level":3,"score":0.5373764038085938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13107197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6394192","display_name":"Kernel adaptive filter","level":4,"score":0.5115283727645874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5049033761024475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75866337","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7280263","display_name":"Radial basis function kernel","level":4,"score":0.4154728949069977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160446489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7226642","display_name":"Polynomial kernel","level":4,"score":0.4153536260128021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27406209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6394203","display_name":"Kernel smoother","level":5,"score":0.4115748107433319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38601887226104736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.28853994607925415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1841103732585907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.13705217838287354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22597639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5449227","display_name":"Filter design","level":3,"score":0.12298142910003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.06048431992530823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2021.3056452","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2021.3056452","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2661360382","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LQ19F030009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3606962337","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61773348","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5354800774","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61771430","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492499319","https://openalex.org/W1525494316","https://openalex.org/W1558326768","https://openalex.org/W1636503046","https://openalex.org/W1819447595","https://openalex.org/W1880403203","https://openalex.org/W1978391899","https://openalex.org/W2001543294","https://openalex.org/W2017931222","https://openalex.org/W2029030701","https://openalex.org/W2087681470","https://openalex.org/W2091669036","https://openalex.org/W2097645432","https://openalex.org/W2099057098","https://openalex.org/W2111052925","https://openalex.org/W2120985577","https://openalex.org/W2126773478","https://openalex.org/W2137135002","https://openalex.org/W2139320579","https://openalex.org/W2161397505","https://openalex.org/W2167932108","https://openalex.org/W2481926318","https://openalex.org/W2541901264","https://openalex.org/W2605543710","https://openalex.org/W2625897805","https://openalex.org/W3015759100","https://openalex.org/W6631339711","https://openalex.org/W6674792095","https://openalex.org/W6739474510"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2382704364","https://openalex.org/W2384322977","https://openalex.org/W2353199197","https://openalex.org/W2420851703","https://openalex.org/W4311472972","https://openalex.org/W4306800962","https://openalex.org/W2371064519","https://openalex.org/W2010483898","https://openalex.org/W2351222813","https://openalex.org/W2974741803"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,130],"quaternion":[1,9,65,85],"Gaussian":[2],"kernel":[3,20,32,63,66,81,86,97,128,145],"is":[4,22,151],"usually":[5,134],"used":[6],"when":[7,143],"solving":[8],"nonlinear":[10],"problems.":[11],"However,":[12],"how":[13],"to":[14,73],"choose":[15],"a":[16,155],"proper":[17,156],"value":[18,125],"of":[19,56,83,113,123,126,169],"width":[21,33,64,82,98,146],"still":[23],"an":[24,75],"important":[25],"issue.":[26],"In":[27,58],"most":[28],"previous":[29],"studies,":[30],"the":[31,47,54,61,80,84,92,96,111,114,121,127,144,148,158,164,170],"was":[34],"set":[35],"manually":[36],"or":[37],"estimated":[38],"in":[39,90,147],"advance":[40],"by":[41,102],"using":[42,103],"Silvermans":[43],"rule":[44],"based":[45],"on":[46,120],"sample":[48],"distribution,":[49],"which":[50,91],"can":[51,133,161],"easily":[52],"degrade":[53],"performance":[55,112,166],"algorithms.":[57,141],"this":[59],"brief,":[60],"variable":[62],"least":[67],"mean":[68],"squares":[69],"algorithm":[70,116,132,150,160],"(VKW-QKLMS)":[71],"aims":[72],"develop":[74],"online":[76],"technique":[77],"for":[78],"optimizing":[79],"LMS":[87],"(QKLMS)":[88],"algorithm,":[89],"filter":[93],"weight":[94],"and":[95],"are":[99],"alternately":[100],"updated":[101],"stochastic":[104],"gradient":[105],"algorithm.":[106,172],"Simulation":[107],"results":[108],"show":[109],"that":[110,168],"VKW-QKLMS":[115,131,171],"does":[117],"not":[118],"depend":[119],"selection":[122],"initial":[124],"width.":[129],"achieve":[135,162],"better":[136],"performances":[137],"than":[138],"other":[139],"competing":[140],"Only":[142],"QKLMS":[149,159],"empirically":[152],"selected":[153],"as":[154,167],"value,":[157],"much":[163],"same":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}