{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3035889058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2020.3002952","title":"A 50\u03bcW Fully Differential Interface Amplifier With a Current Steering Class AB Output Stage for PPG and NIRS Recordings","display_name":"A 50\u03bcW Fully Differential Interface Amplifier With a Current Steering Class AB Output Stage for PPG and NIRS Recordings","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3035889058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2020.3002952","mag":"3035889058"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2020.3002952","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2020.3002952","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028089041","display_name":"Shuang Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8550-6320"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuang Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["BECHS, imec, Heverlee, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8550-6320","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BECHS, imec, Heverlee, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042926263","display_name":"Qiuyang Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7422-5793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiuyang Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["BECHS, imec, Heverlee, Belgium","Department ESAT-MICAS, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7422-5793","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BECHS, imec, Heverlee, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department ESAT-MICAS, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078656907","display_name":"Chris Van Hoof","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4645-3326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris van Hoof","raw_affiliation_strings":["BECHS, imec, Heverlee, Belgium","Department ESAT-MICAS, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4645-3326","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BECHS, imec, Heverlee, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department ESAT-MICAS, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013502488","display_name":"Nick Van Helleputte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7511-1923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nick van Helleputte","raw_affiliation_strings":["BECHS, imec, Heverlee, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7511-1923","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BECHS, imec, Heverlee, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6828,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65452536,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"9","first_page":"1564","last_page":"1568"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11700","display_name":"Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-coupled-amplifier","display_name":"Direct-coupled amplifier","score":0.6118907332420349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.5765014886856079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-amplifier","display_name":"Differential amplifier","score":0.5400709509849548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photodiode","display_name":"Photodiode","score":0.5304122567176819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biasing","display_name":"Biasing","score":0.4709658920764923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fully-differential-amplifier","display_name":"Fully differential amplifier","score":0.468910813331604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current-feedback-operational-amplifier","display_name":"Current-feedback operational amplifier","score":0.45771944522857666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instrumentation-amplifier","display_name":"Instrumentation amplifier","score":0.44570764899253845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4326323866844177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4290424585342407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.38794800639152527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3685530424118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3586803078651428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3390708565711975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-amplifier","display_name":"Operational amplifier","score":0.3211320638656616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.275912880897522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2693728804588318}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172218469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4477697","display_name":"Direct-coupled amplifier","level":5,"score":0.6118907332420349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.5765014886856079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11722477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056298","display_name":"Differential amplifier","level":4,"score":0.5400709509849548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C751236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175943","display_name":"Photodiode","level":2,"score":0.5304122567176819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20254490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719550","display_name":"Biasing","level":3,"score":0.4709658920764923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189184530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5508342","display_name":"Fully differential amplifier","level":5,"score":0.468910813331604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68742264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1736442","display_name":"Current-feedback operational amplifier","level":5,"score":0.45771944522857666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89123640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1523756","display_name":"Instrumentation amplifier","level":5,"score":0.44570764899253845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4326323866844177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4290424585342407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.38794800639152527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3685530424118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3586803078651428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3390708565711975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145366948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178947","display_name":"Operational amplifier","level":4,"score":0.3211320638656616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.275912880897522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2693728804588318}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2020.3002952","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2020.3002952","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/677330","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/677330","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055369","display_name":"Lirias","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ieee Transactions On Circuits And Systems Ii-Express Briefs, vol. 67 (9), (1564-1568)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/672424","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/bitstream/123456789/672424/2/A%2050%ce%bcW%20Fully%20Differential%20Interface%20Amplifier%20With%20a%20Current%20Steering%20Class%20AB%20Output%20Stage%20for%20PPG%20and%20NIRS%20Recordings.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1546997512","https://openalex.org/W1963522855","https://openalex.org/W1986268159","https://openalex.org/W2017071862","https://openalex.org/W2039932743","https://openalex.org/W2083872334","https://openalex.org/W2090710454","https://openalex.org/W2139567348","https://openalex.org/W2524332325","https://openalex.org/W2573720242","https://openalex.org/W2769065907","https://openalex.org/W2769693316","https://openalex.org/W2796075095","https://openalex.org/W2886149027","https://openalex.org/W2902547287","https://openalex.org/W2908782176","https://openalex.org/W2964366198","https://openalex.org/W2977718165","https://openalex.org/W2999318890","https://openalex.org/W4245509891","https://openalex.org/W6792690187"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3106125200","https://openalex.org/W2380076707","https://openalex.org/W2359281459","https://openalex.org/W1677035341","https://openalex.org/W2347514028","https://openalex.org/W2921550143","https://openalex.org/W2150753282","https://openalex.org/W3201422860","https://openalex.org/W1662540602","https://openalex.org/W1998037714"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,102],"brief":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,24,32,47,56,62,88,99,107,120,137,145],"low-power":[4],"fully":[5,48,92,151],"differential":[6,49,93,152],"optical":[7],"sensor":[8],"interface":[9,73],"amplifier":[10,22,74,103,124],"for":[11,36,83,95,132],"photoplethysmography":[12],"(PPG)":[13],"and":[14,112,135,164],"near":[15],"infrared":[16],"spectroscopy":[17],"(NIRS)":[18],"recordings.":[19],"The":[20,43],"proposed":[21],"employs":[23],"stacked":[25],"current":[26,50,65],"reuse":[27],"input":[28,64,156,172],"stage":[29,45],"that":[30],"provides":[31],"DC":[33],"biasing":[34,130],"voltage":[35,90,131],"the":[37,40,72,123,133],"photodiode,":[38],"reducing":[39],"parasitic":[41],"capacitance.":[42],"output":[44],"exploits":[46],"steering":[51],"class":[52],"AB":[53],"topology":[54],"with":[55,67,119,154,170],"self-regulated":[57],"common":[58],"mode":[59,81,94,153,169],"voltage,":[60],"providing":[61],"70\u03bcA":[63],"range":[66,147],"minimized":[68],"quiescent":[69],"current.":[70],"Moreover,":[71],"can":[75,125],"be":[76],"reconfigured":[77],"as":[78],"either":[79],"single-ended":[80],"suitable":[82],"photo":[84],"detectors":[85],"biased":[86,97],"at":[87,98],"high":[89],"or":[91],"those":[96],"low":[100],"voltage.":[101],"is":[104],"implemented":[105],"in":[106,150,161,166],"standard":[108],"0.18\u03bcm":[109],"CMOS":[110],"process":[111],"characterized":[113],"experimentally.":[114],"Measurement":[115],"results":[116],"show":[117],"that,":[118],"1.5V":[121],"supply,":[122],"provide":[126],"up":[127],"to":[128],"1V":[129],"photodiode":[134],"consumes":[136],"static":[138],"power":[139],"of":[140,148,159,175],"around":[141],"50\u03bcW.":[142],"It":[143],"achieves":[144],"dynamic":[146],"97dB":[149],"an":[155,171],"referred":[157,173],"noise":[158,174],"67pArms":[160],"32Hz":[162],"band":[163],"102dB":[165],"single":[167],"-ended":[168],"582pArms.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}