{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2999169848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2020.2964883","title":"A Multilevel Code-Shifted Differential Chaos Shift Keying System With Reference Diversity","display_name":"A Multilevel Code-Shifted Differential Chaos Shift Keying System With Reference Diversity","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2999169848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2020.2964883","mag":"2999169848"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2020.2964883","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2020.2964883","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084355949","display_name":"Yazhen Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yazhen Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiamen University, Xiamen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016540715","display_name":"Meiyuan Miao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6252-9271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meiyuan Miao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiamen University, Xiamen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100403185","display_name":"Lin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9835-2719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiamen University, Xiamen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021956496","display_name":"Weikai Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weikai Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiamen University, Xiamen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084355949"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2075,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77295576,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"11","first_page":"2462","last_page":"2466"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10244","display_name":"Chaos control and synchronization","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10244","display_name":"Chaos control and synchronization","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12162","display_name":"Cellular Automata and Applications","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/additive-white-gaussian-noise","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","score":0.7815159559249878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5911929607391357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keying","display_name":"Keying","score":0.5795551538467407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.5304232239723206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity-combining","display_name":"Diversity combining","score":0.49392396211624146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.48412784934043884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.47062161564826965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.46756798028945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.4561128616333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-interference","display_name":"Multipath interference","score":0.4466648995876312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4434763789176941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.43432915210723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4318528175354004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity-gain","display_name":"Diversity gain","score":0.4233900308609009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","score":0.4130798876285553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.4118501543998718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.410905659198761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.16328251361846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14423394203186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.11861428618431091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.09805676341056824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.06248873472213745}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169334058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353292","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","level":3,"score":0.7815159559249878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5911929607391357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398306","display_name":"Keying","level":2,"score":0.5795551538467407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.5304232239723206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136817519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q947493","display_name":"Diversity combining","level":4,"score":0.49392396211624146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.48412784934043884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.47062161564826965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.46756798028945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.4561128616333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174749922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath interference","level":4,"score":0.4466648995876312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4434763789176941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.43432915210723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4318528175354004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164785522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283966","display_name":"Diversity gain","level":4,"score":0.4233900308609009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93226319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193137","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","level":2,"score":0.4130798876285553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.4118501543998718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.410905659198761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.16328251361846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14423394203186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.11861428618431091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.09805676341056824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.06248873472213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2020.2964883","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2020.2964883","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6472737746","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61871337","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8240087868","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61671395","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24195377","https://openalex.org/W1454922934","https://openalex.org/W1588345419","https://openalex.org/W2015299493","https://openalex.org/W2066055327","https://openalex.org/W2104248405","https://openalex.org/W2136787699","https://openalex.org/W2330376055","https://openalex.org/W2344446931","https://openalex.org/W2486876923","https://openalex.org/W2798333393","https://openalex.org/W4249210728","https://openalex.org/W6628482165","https://openalex.org/W6831190327"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2057250360","https://openalex.org/W4378194771","https://openalex.org/W2051755938","https://openalex.org/W2113552644","https://openalex.org/W2187540118","https://openalex.org/W2770380629","https://openalex.org/W2158609028","https://openalex.org/W2146313390","https://openalex.org/W4249962169","https://openalex.org/W1597069607"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,17],"this":[1],"brief,":[2],"a":[3],"multilevel":[4,84],"code-shifted":[5,85],"differential":[6,86],"chaos":[7,87],"shift":[8,88],"keying":[9,89],"system":[10,55],"with":[11,24,82,95],"reference":[12,22,29,42,72,97],"diversity":[13,73,98],"(MCS-DCSK-RD)":[14],"is":[15,75],"proposed.":[16],"the":[18,21,35,41,46,53,57,70,78,83,92,111,125,129,134,139,143],"proposed":[19,54,93],"system,":[20,91],"signal":[23],"several":[25],"replicated":[26],"versions":[27],"(called":[28],"diversity)":[30],"are":[31],"transmitted":[32],"to":[33],"reduce":[34,102,124],"interference":[36],"of":[37,52,142],"channel":[38],"noise":[39,115,126],"on":[40],"signal.":[43],"We":[44],"derive":[45],"theoretical":[47,79],"bit":[48],"error":[49],"rate":[50],"(BER)":[51],"over":[56,110],"AWGN":[58],"and":[59,63,117],"multipath":[60,118],"Rayleigh":[61,119],"channels,":[62],"verify":[64],"its":[65],"accuracy":[66],"by":[67,127],"simulations.":[68],"Then,":[69],"optimal":[71,96],"quantity":[74,99],"determined":[76],"via":[77],"BER.":[80],"Compared":[81],"(MCS-DCSK)":[90],"scheme":[94],"can":[100],"effectively":[101],"noise,":[103],"thus":[104],"obtain":[105],"much":[106],"better":[107],"BER":[108,140],"performance":[109,141],"additive":[112],"white":[113],"Gaussian":[114],"(AWGN)":[116],"channels.":[120],"Also,":[121],"we":[122],"further":[123,137],"averaging":[128],"received":[130],"demodulated":[131],"signals":[132],"at":[133],"receiver,":[135],"thereby":[136],"improving":[138],"MCS-DCSK-RD":[144],"system.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}