{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2961040996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2019.2927114","title":"Current Tracking Technique Enabling 1-Bit/Cell Storage in Ge-Rich Phase Change Memory","display_name":"Current Tracking Technique Enabling 1-Bit/Cell Storage in Ge-Rich Phase Change Memory","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2961040996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2019.2927114","mag":"2961040996"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2019.2927114","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2019.2927114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065446466","display_name":"R. Zurla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4315-1269"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25217355","display_name":"University of Pavia","ror":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Riccardo Zurla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060646203","display_name":"A. Cabrini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1862-2409"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25217355","display_name":"University of Pavia","ror":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Cabrini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091318325","display_name":"M. Pasotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4988-9982"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154781","display_name":"STMicroelectronics (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/053bqv655","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131827901","https://openalex.org/I4210154781"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Pasotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["STMicroelectronics, Agrate Brianza, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"STMicroelectronics, Agrate Brianza, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061545712","display_name":"Flavio Giovanni Volpe","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25217355","display_name":"University of Pavia","ror":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Flavio Giovanni Volpe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087562135","display_name":"G. Torelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9713-2338"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25217355","display_name":"University of Pavia","ror":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guido Torelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065446466"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05469135,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"10","first_page":"1728","last_page":"1732"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11315","display_name":"Phase-change materials and chalcogenides","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11315","display_name":"Phase-change materials and chalcogenides","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9733999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-change-memory","display_name":"Phase-change memory","score":0.8570343255996704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reset","display_name":"Reset (finance)","score":0.8363349437713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6084482073783875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-data-storage","display_name":"Computer data storage","score":0.5588194131851196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.5244817137718201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.49708202481269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.48933643102645874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit","display_name":"Bit (key)","score":0.4659460783004761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.45926180481910706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-cell","display_name":"Memory cell","score":0.45615968108177185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.4429711103439331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.4428887367248535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-volatile-memory","display_name":"Non-volatile memory","score":0.4318123161792755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.39807596802711487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.22924983501434326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.22765591740608215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.15930604934692383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.15515729784965515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1507091522216797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.12557104229927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.11564594507217407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.0998232364654541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08352333307266235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.07567143440246582}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64142963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153902","display_name":"Phase-change memory","level":3,"score":0.8570343255996704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779795794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315343","display_name":"Reset (finance)","level":2,"score":0.8363349437713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6084482073783875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194739806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66221","display_name":"Computer data storage","level":2,"score":0.5588194131851196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.5244817137718201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.49708202481269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.48933643102645874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117011727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1278488","display_name":"Bit (key)","level":2,"score":0.4659460783004761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.45926180481910706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776638159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18343761","display_name":"Memory cell","level":4,"score":0.45615968108177185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.4429711103439331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.4428887367248535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177950962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10997658","display_name":"Non-volatile memory","level":2,"score":0.4318123161792755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.39807596802711487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.22924983501434326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.22765591740608215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.15930604934692383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.15515729784965515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1507091522216797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.12557104229927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.11564594507217407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.0998232364654541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08352333307266235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.07567143440246582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106159729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294553","display_name":"Financial economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2019.2927114","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2019.2927114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327207","display_name":"Electronic Components and Systems for European Leadership","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515091640","https://openalex.org/W2021608436","https://openalex.org/W2136683769","https://openalex.org/W2170821637","https://openalex.org/W2543638529","https://openalex.org/W2611311053","https://openalex.org/W2804923317","https://openalex.org/W2912017376","https://openalex.org/W6758696181"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980582986","https://openalex.org/W2169261257","https://openalex.org/W3145535897","https://openalex.org/W2544064345","https://openalex.org/W2189507863","https://openalex.org/W2134171190","https://openalex.org/W2047644389","https://openalex.org/W2166646625","https://openalex.org/W1983958623","https://openalex.org/W2541696051"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"brief":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,89],"system":[4,76,85],"architecture":[5],"designed":[6],"to":[7,54,106],"enable":[8],"1-bit-per-cell":[9],"storage":[10,35],"in":[11,18,99],"Ge-rich":[12],"phase":[13],"change":[14],"memory":[15],"(PCM)":[16],"even":[17],"the":[19,22,26,32,42,57,61,64,75,100],"presence":[20],"of":[21,25,41,74],"resistance":[23],"drift":[24],"low-resistance":[27],"(SET)":[28],"state,":[29],"thus":[30],"overcoming":[31],"intrinsic":[33],"low":[34],"density":[36],"(half":[37],"bit":[38],"per":[39],"cell)":[40],"currently":[43],"used":[44],"differential":[45],"solutions.":[46],"The":[47,71,83],"read":[48],"reference":[49],"current":[50],"is":[51],"automatically":[52],"adjusted":[53],"best":[55],"exploit":[56],"reading":[58],"window":[59],"between":[60],"RESET":[62],"and":[63,80,96],"SET":[65],"state":[66],"that":[67],"changes":[68],"over":[69],"time.":[70],"working":[72],"principles":[73],"are":[77],"presented,":[78],"discussed,":[79],"experimentally":[81],"validated.":[82],"proposed":[84],"was":[86],"implemented":[87],"exploiting":[88],"110-nm":[90],"BCD":[91],"embedded":[92],"PCM":[93],"test":[94],"chip":[95],"successfully":[97],"tested":[98],"temperature":[101],"range":[102],"from":[103],"-40":[104],"\u00b0C":[105],"+150":[107],"\u00b0C.":[108]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}