{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2898632724","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2878919","title":"A 40.4-dB Range, 0.73-dB Step, and 0.07-dB Error Programmable Gain Amplifier Using Gain Error Shifting Technique","display_name":"A 40.4-dB Range, 0.73-dB Step, and 0.07-dB Error Programmable Gain Amplifier Using Gain Error Shifting Technique","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-10-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2898632724","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2878919","mag":"2898632724"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2018.2878919","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2878919","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102752567","display_name":"Linsen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5390-8811"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin-Sen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","Department of electrical engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5390-8811","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of electrical engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103199662","display_name":"Po-Chih Ku","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4416-7067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Po-Chih Ku","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","Department of electrical engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4416-7067","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of electrical engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051317955","display_name":"Po-Ting Ko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0623-8805"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Po-Ting Ko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","Department of electrical engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0623-8805","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of electrical engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032281708","display_name":"Chi-Jung Chung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2293-0148"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi-Jung Chung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","Department of electrical engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2293-0148","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of electrical engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036913562","display_name":"Liang-Hung Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9556-6565"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang-Hung Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","Department of electrical engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9556-6565","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of electrical engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2768,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51997222,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"7","first_page":"1109","last_page":"1113"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-gain-control","display_name":"Automatic gain control","score":0.8573788404464722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programmable-gain-amplifier","display_name":"Programmable-gain amplifier","score":0.7447004318237305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-loop-gain","display_name":"Open-loop gain","score":0.5976223349571228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.554462194442749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-gain-antenna","display_name":"High-gain antenna","score":0.544026255607605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5400763750076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-figure","display_name":"Noise figure","score":0.5120461583137512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable-gain-amplifier","display_name":"Variable-gain amplifier","score":0.5050271153450012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.44817131757736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/net-gain","display_name":"Net gain","score":0.41524291038513184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3801189959049225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.37185031175613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3559299111366272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.32248181104660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.27074453234672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2008896768093109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1957656443119049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18860822916030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-amplifier","display_name":"Operational amplifier","score":0.15805551409721375}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177502760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782524","display_name":"Automatic gain control","level":4,"score":0.8573788404464722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781023662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2112149","display_name":"Programmable-gain amplifier","level":4,"score":0.7447004318237305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143931264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5932986","display_name":"Open-loop gain","level":5,"score":0.5976223349571228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.554462194442749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61829901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769152","display_name":"High-gain antenna","level":2,"score":0.544026255607605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5400763750076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112806910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746825","display_name":"Noise figure","level":4,"score":0.5120461583137512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91541141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1894933","display_name":"Variable-gain amplifier","level":5,"score":0.5050271153450012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.44817131757736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776939828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6998464","display_name":"Net gain","level":4,"score":0.41524291038513184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3801189959049225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.37185031175613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3559299111366272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.32248181104660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.27074453234672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2008896768093109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1957656443119049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18860822916030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145366948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178947","display_name":"Operational amplifier","level":4,"score":0.15805551409721375}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2018.2878919","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2878919","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522680556","https://openalex.org/W1555027362","https://openalex.org/W1974144539","https://openalex.org/W2003580737","https://openalex.org/W2024277841","https://openalex.org/W2101819427","https://openalex.org/W2151885511","https://openalex.org/W2410103005","https://openalex.org/W2510669325","https://openalex.org/W2593728843"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111120985","https://openalex.org/W2770454520","https://openalex.org/W2126419758","https://openalex.org/W1973951761","https://openalex.org/W2009369354","https://openalex.org/W2353195480","https://openalex.org/W1978270487","https://openalex.org/W2105156618","https://openalex.org/W2347021819","https://openalex.org/W1999923854"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"novel":[1],"gain":[2,14,29,54,60,112,117,123,132],"error":[3,30,63,124],"shifting":[4],"technique":[5],"suitable":[6],"for":[7],"the":[8,24,28,40,46,90,104,107,130,134,153,156],"design":[9],"of":[10,79,87,97,114,119,125,148],"high":[11],"resolution":[12],"programmable":[13],"amplifiers":[15],"(PGAs)":[16],"is":[17,36,64,68,158,168],"presented":[18],"in":[19,31,103],"this":[20],"brief.":[21],"By":[22],"cascading":[23],"hybrid-exponential":[25],"approximated":[26],"PGAs,":[27],"a":[32,49,52,72,84,94,111,137],"decibel":[33],"(dB)-linear":[34],"characteristic":[35],"effectively":[37],"reduced":[38],"while":[39,151],"control":[41],"range":[42,55,113],"increases.":[43],"Based":[44],"on":[45],"proposed":[47],"technique,":[48],"PGA":[50,67,135],"with":[51],"moderate":[53],"and":[56,62,122,145,166],"an":[57,77],"extremely":[58],"small":[59],"step":[61,118],"developed.":[65],"The":[66],"implemented":[69],"by":[70],"using":[71],"0.18-\u03bcm":[73],"CMOS":[74],"process,":[75],"occupying":[76],"area":[78],"0.283":[80],"mm2.":[81],"Operated":[82],"at":[83,129,152],"supply":[85],"voltage":[86],"1.8":[88],"V,":[89],"fabricated":[91],"circuit":[92],"consumes":[93],"dc":[95],"power":[96],"7.02":[98],"mW.":[99],"For":[100],"56":[101],"steps":[102],"dB-linear":[105],"control,":[106],"measurement":[108],"results":[109],"indicate":[110],"40.4":[115],"dB,":[116],"0.73":[120],"dB":[121],"0.07":[126],"dB.":[127],"Measured":[128],"highest":[131],"mode,":[133],"exhibits":[136],"bandwidth":[138,157],"from":[139,160],"2.6":[140,161],"kHz":[141,162],"to":[142,163],"14":[143],"MHz":[144,165],"inputreferred":[146],"noise":[147],"29.33":[149],"nV/\u221aHz,":[150],"lowest":[154],"gain,":[155],"measured":[159],"84.5":[164],"Pin-1dB":[167],"6.7":[169],"dBm.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-12T21:12:35.861297","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
