{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2889842046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2869103","title":"A 6 $\\mu$ W 95 dB SNDR Inverter Based $\\Sigma\\Delta$ Modulator With Subtractive Dithering and SAR Quantizer","display_name":"A 6 $\\mu$ W 95 dB SNDR Inverter Based $\\Sigma\\Delta$ Modulator With Subtractive Dithering and SAR Quantizer","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2889842046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2869103","mag":"2889842046"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2018.2869103","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2869103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028370870","display_name":"Huajun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2899-4601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117023288","display_name":"Analog Devices (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01545pm61","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117023288"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huajun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Analog Devices, Inc., Norwood, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2899-4601","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Analog Devices, Inc., Norwood, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117023288"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074328280","display_name":"Zhichao Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4097-5123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117023288","display_name":"Analog Devices (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01545pm61","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117023288"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhichao Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Analog Devices, Inc., Wilmington, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4097-5123","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Analog Devices, Inc., Wilmington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117023288"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100388134","display_name":"Yi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2690-4601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117023288","display_name":"Analog Devices (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01545pm61","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117023288"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Analog Devices, Inc., Wilmington, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Analog Devices, Inc., Wilmington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117023288"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042662125","display_name":"Baozhen Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3023-6474"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117023288","display_name":"Analog Devices (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01545pm61","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117023288"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baozhen Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Analog Devices, Inc., Wilmington, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3023-6474","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Analog Devices, Inc., Wilmington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117023288"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085768194","display_name":"R. Maurino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2474-3995"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Maurino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Analog Devices, Inc., Turin, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2474-3995","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Analog Devices, Inc., Turin, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089492823","display_name":"Robert Adams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0231-3882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117023288","display_name":"Analog Devices (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01545pm61","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117023288"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Adams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Analog Devices, Inc., Wilmington, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Analog Devices, Inc., Wilmington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117023288"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111940153","display_name":"Khiem Nguyen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117023288","display_name":"Analog Devices (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01545pm61","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117023288"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khiem Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Analog Devices, Inc., Wilmington, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Analog Devices, Inc., Wilmington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117023288"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.223,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53278377,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"4","first_page":"552","last_page":"556"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dither","display_name":"Dither","score":0.9328201413154602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delta-sigma-modulation","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","score":0.6685476899147034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subtractive-color","display_name":"Subtractive color","score":0.6245810985565186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5528693199157715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenylphosphine","display_name":"Phenylphosphine","score":0.46111324429512024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4365326762199402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrator","display_name":"Integrator","score":0.42143744230270386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4085758626461029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3723895251750946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3390817642211914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2739405035972595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-shaping","display_name":"Noise shaping","score":0.2619859278202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.24878203868865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22106334567070007}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70451592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376493","display_name":"Dither","level":3,"score":0.9328201413154602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68754193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184820","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","level":3,"score":0.6685476899147034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150799807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374081","display_name":"Subtractive color","level":2,"score":0.6245810985565186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5528693199157715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778402489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7181435","display_name":"Phenylphosphine","level":4,"score":0.46111324429512024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4365326762199402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79518650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2081431","display_name":"Integrator","level":3,"score":0.42143744230270386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4085758626461029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3723895251750946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3390817642211914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2739405035972595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9083635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2133535","display_name":"Noise shaping","level":2,"score":0.2619859278202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.24878203868865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22106334567070007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777716191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207877","display_name":"Phosphine","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2018.2869103","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2869103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038093120","https://openalex.org/W2071848335","https://openalex.org/W2084822044","https://openalex.org/W2146624461","https://openalex.org/W2153314955","https://openalex.org/W2522828564","https://openalex.org/W2602440913","https://openalex.org/W2758671961"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2418428616","https://openalex.org/W2375273197","https://openalex.org/W2503119535","https://openalex.org/W2515931684","https://openalex.org/W1561097362","https://openalex.org/W2543986011","https://openalex.org/W2098358062","https://openalex.org/W2378754589","https://openalex.org/W3134441632","https://openalex.org/W2143696453"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"brief":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,40,95,101,144,154],"low-power":[4],"<inline-formula":[5,27,135],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[6,28,136],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[7,29,137],"<tex-math":[8,30,138],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$":[9,31,139],"{\\Sigma":[10,32],"\\Delta":[11,33],"}$":[12,34],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[13,35,142],"modulator":[14,93,120],"using":[15],"the":[16,26,43,51,61,70,81,89,109,118,163],"subtractive":[17,166],"dither":[18,41,47],"technique.":[19],"The":[20,45,92],"proposed":[21,119],"technique":[22],"eliminates":[23,105],"tones":[24],"at":[25,50],"modulator\u2019s":[36],"output":[37,66,83],"by":[38],"injecting":[39],"into":[42],"quantizer.":[44],"injected":[46],"is":[48,77],"cancelled":[49],"first":[52],"integrator\u2019s":[53],"output,":[54],"which":[55,104],"results":[56],"in":[57,115],"minimal":[58],"impact":[59,87],"on":[60,88],"operational":[62],"transconductance":[63],"amplifiers\u2019":[64],"(OTAs)":[65],"swings":[67],"and":[68,84,100,111,131],"enables":[69],"use":[71],"of":[72,158,165],"energy-efficient":[73],"inverter-based":[74],"OTAs.":[75],"Dither":[76],"also":[78],"subtracted":[79],"from":[80,126,143],"digital":[82],"has":[85],"no":[86],"signal-to-quantization-noise":[90],"ratio.":[91],"features":[94],"successive":[96],"approximation":[97],"register":[98],"quantizer":[99],"modified":[102],"DAC":[103],"signal-dependent":[106],"kick-back":[107],"to":[108,128,148,153],"input":[110],"reference":[112],"buffers.":[113],"Implemented":[114],"180-nm":[116],"CMOS,":[117],"achieves":[121],"95.1":[122],"dB":[123],"signal-to-noise-and-distortion":[124],"ratio":[125],"dc":[127],"1":[129],"kHz,":[130],"consumes":[132],"only":[133],"6":[134],"{\\mu":[140],"}\\text{W}$":[141],"1.2-V":[145],"supply":[146],"according":[147],"transient":[149],"noise":[150],"simulation,":[151],"leading":[152],"state-of-the-art":[155],"Schreier":[156],"figure-of-merit":[157],"177.3":[159],"dB.":[160],"Simulation":[161],"verifies":[162],"effectiveness":[164],"dither.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}