{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2806075149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2841037","title":"A 61-nW Level-Crossing ADC With Adaptive Sampling for Biomedical Applications","display_name":"A 61-nW Level-Crossing ADC With Adaptive Sampling for Biomedical Applications","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2806075149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2841037","mag":"2806075149"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2018.2841037","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2841037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026021547","display_name":"Yu-Ting Hou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuting Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bio-Circuits and Systems Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bio-Circuits and Systems Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041880248","display_name":"Jiali Qu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9489-3644"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiali Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bio-Circuits and Systems Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bio-Circuits and Systems Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101468483","display_name":"Zhenzhen Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2933-5245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenzhen Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bio-Circuits and Systems Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bio-Circuits and Systems Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041785530","display_name":"Mohamed Atef","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3344-6127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Atef","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bio-Circuits and Systems Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3344-6127","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bio-Circuits and Systems Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072158274","display_name":"Khalil Yousef","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2028-113X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khalil Yousef","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bio-Circuits and Systems Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bio-Circuits and Systems Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061924587","display_name":"Yong Lian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5289-5219"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Lian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bio-Circuits and Systems Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bio-Circuits and Systems Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087716003","display_name":"Guoxing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0235-1475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoxing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bio-Circuits and Systems Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0235-1475","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bio-Circuits and Systems Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7911,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":71,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93864904,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"1","first_page":"56","last_page":"60"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparator","display_name":"Comparator","score":0.8722068071365356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/successive-approximation-adc","display_name":"Successive approximation ADC","score":0.6354435682296753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.6140466928482056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.6139336824417114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nyquist\u2013shannon-sampling-theorem","display_name":"Nyquist\u2013Shannon sampling theorem","score":0.6067091822624207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5739107131958008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analog-to-digital-converter","display_name":"Analog-to-digital converter","score":0.5471906661987305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.537116527557373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effective-number-of-bits","display_name":"Effective number of bits","score":0.5099915266036987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.466808557510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4482618570327759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/12-bit","display_name":"12-bit","score":0.44422051310539246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.439653605222702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nyquist-frequency","display_name":"Nyquist frequency","score":0.43521058559417725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2953992187976837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2521088719367981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.17746853828430176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.14822733402252197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14185625314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.10763850808143616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07257869839668274}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155745195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1164179","display_name":"Comparator","level":3,"score":0.8722068071365356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60154766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2650458","display_name":"Successive approximation ADC","level":4,"score":0.6354435682296753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.6140466928482056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.6139336824417114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C288623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679800","display_name":"Nyquist\u2013Shannon sampling theorem","level":2,"score":0.6067091822624207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5739107131958008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777271169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190169","display_name":"Analog-to-digital converter","level":3,"score":0.5471906661987305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.537116527557373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16671190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q505579","display_name":"Effective number of bits","level":3,"score":0.5099915266036987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.466808557510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4482618570327759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776310492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3271420","display_name":"12-bit","level":3,"score":0.44422051310539246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.439653605222702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98273374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501757","display_name":"Nyquist frequency","level":3,"score":0.43521058559417725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2953992187976837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2521088719367981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17746853828430176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.14822733402252197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14185625314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.10763850808143616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07257869839668274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2018.2841037","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2841037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6833811212","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61474074","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7439713728","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFC0105502","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964434678","https://openalex.org/W2015214622","https://openalex.org/W2046480837","https://openalex.org/W2090920354","https://openalex.org/W2126507962","https://openalex.org/W2139543448","https://openalex.org/W2139924392","https://openalex.org/W2533552978","https://openalex.org/W2586356224"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385956114","https://openalex.org/W2593119273","https://openalex.org/W2747582581","https://openalex.org/W2593068112","https://openalex.org/W4316660018","https://openalex.org/W2227577664","https://openalex.org/W4297513244","https://openalex.org/W4391021011","https://openalex.org/W3156142317","https://openalex.org/W4386387962"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"ultra-low-power":[1],"level-crossing":[2],"analog-to-digital":[3],"converter":[4,61],"(LC-ADC)":[5],"with":[6,40,95],"on-chip":[7],"adaptive":[8,35],"sampling":[9,36],"is":[10,38,49],"presented.":[11],"Different":[12],"from":[13],"conventional":[14,54],"ADCs":[15],"based":[16],"on":[17],"Nyquist":[18],"sampling,":[19],"LC-ADC":[20],"utilizes":[21],"sparsity":[22],"of":[23,86],"signals":[24],"for":[25],"low":[26],"power":[27],"data":[28],"acquisition.":[29],"To":[30],"save":[31],"power,":[32],"the":[33,70],"proposed":[34,71],"scheme":[37],"implemented":[39],"only":[41,74],"one":[42,45],"scaler":[43],"and":[44,62,80,88,92],"high-precision":[46],"comparator,":[47],"which":[48],"in":[50,66],"sharp":[51],"contrast":[52],"to":[53,100],"LC-ADCs":[55],"that":[56],"require":[57],"an":[58,96],"n-bit":[59],"digital-to-analog":[60],"two":[63],"comparators.":[64],"Implemented":[65],"0.18-um":[67],"CMOS":[68],"process,":[69],"ADC":[72],"consumes":[73],"61":[75],"nW":[76],"under":[77],"0.5V":[78],"supply,":[79],"achieves":[81],"5.6":[82],"bits":[83,87],"equivalent":[84],"numbers":[85],"35":[89],"dB":[90],"signal-to-noise":[91],"distortion":[93],"ratio":[94],"operating":[97],"frequency":[98],"up":[99],"1":[101],"kHz.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}