{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2796008788","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2821898","title":"Implementation of a Fast and Low-Power Thermopile Readout Circuit Arrangement for Array Processors","display_name":"Implementation of a Fast and Low-Power Thermopile Readout Circuit Arrangement for Array Processors","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-04-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2796008788","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2821898","mag":"2796008788"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2018.2821898","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2821898","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026002898","display_name":"Mika Gr\u00f6nroos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5680-7079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mika Gronroos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Future Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Future Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108645072","display_name":"Tapani Nevalainen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tapani Nevalainen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Future Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Future Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038944203","display_name":"A. Paasio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2543-7391"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ari Paasio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Future Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Future Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026002898"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2575,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55106883,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"5","first_page":"537","last_page":"541"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11128","display_name":"Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermopile","display_name":"Thermopile","score":0.8214591145515442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.6109262108802795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5794208645820618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5793648362159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5048390030860901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame-rate","display_name":"Frame rate","score":0.4735231399536133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.46998608112335205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.46107152104377747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-circuit","display_name":"Integrated circuit","score":0.45941242575645447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4358741044998169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4337020218372345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.4158298373222351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fixed-pattern-noise","display_name":"Fixed-pattern noise","score":0.41058802604675293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.340084433555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20173534750938416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12298935651779175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09892472624778748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.08613711595535278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0849069356918335}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47279676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q915693","display_name":"Thermopile","level":3,"score":0.8214591145515442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.6109262108802795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5794208645820618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5793648362159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5048390030860901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3261483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119565","display_name":"Frame rate","level":2,"score":0.4735231399536133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.46998608112335205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.46107152104377747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.45941242575645447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4358741044998169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4337020218372345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.4158298373222351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778368474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5456322","display_name":"Fixed-pattern noise","level":3,"score":0.41058802604675293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.340084433555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20173534750938416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12298935651779175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09892472624778748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.08613711595535278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0849069356918335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158355884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11388","display_name":"Infrared","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2018.2821898","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2821898","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7433143935","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"295328","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","display_name":"Academy of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/05k73zm37"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980095036","https://openalex.org/W1985983682","https://openalex.org/W2006047040","https://openalex.org/W2006431228","https://openalex.org/W2009061953","https://openalex.org/W2009957885","https://openalex.org/W2052535864","https://openalex.org/W2123552221","https://openalex.org/W2150839555","https://openalex.org/W2159582793","https://openalex.org/W2760127629"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1598554143","https://openalex.org/W1497220320","https://openalex.org/W4319301974","https://openalex.org/W4328092585","https://openalex.org/W2895400523","https://openalex.org/W1551902208","https://openalex.org/W2501578203","https://openalex.org/W2113108952","https://openalex.org/W1981776476","https://openalex.org/W2334183175"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"High-speed":[0],"thermal":[1],"imaging":[2],"is":[3,26,66,75],"necessary":[4],"in":[5],"many":[6],"applications.":[7],"However,":[8],"the":[9,15,63,72],"traditional":[10],"column-wise":[11],"readout":[12,46,64],"implementations":[13],"reduce":[14],"achievable":[16],"frame":[17],"rate.":[18],"Also,":[19],"analog":[20],"integration":[21,52],"for":[22,86],"each":[23],"individual":[24],"pixel":[25,31],"not":[27],"possible":[28],"without":[29],"sacrificing":[30],"area.":[32],"In":[33],"this":[34],"brief,":[35],"we":[36,82],"present":[37],"an":[38],"implementation":[39],"of":[40,62],"a":[41,50,95],"fast":[42],"and":[43,71,91],"low-power":[44],"pixel-wise":[45],"circuit":[47,65,96],"scheme":[48],"with":[49],"digital":[51],"method":[53],"using":[54,94],"65-nm":[55],"standard":[56],"CMOS":[57],"technology.":[58],"The":[59],"power":[60],"consumption":[61],"up":[67],"to":[68],"15":[69],"\u03bcW":[70],"layout":[73],"area":[74],"100":[76,79],"\u03bcm":[77],"\u00d7":[78],"\u03bcm.":[80],"Furthermore,":[81],"analyze":[83],"our":[84],"design":[85],"non-idealities,":[87],"such":[88],"as":[89],"noise":[90],"process":[92],"mismatches":[93],"simulator.":[97]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
