{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2795257254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2819666","title":"Radar Emitter Recognition Based on SIFT Position and Scale Features","display_name":"Radar Emitter Recognition Based on SIFT Position and Scale Features","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-03-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2795257254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2819666","mag":"2795257254"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2018.2819666","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2819666","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103193067","display_name":"Shaokun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0941-4838"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shaokun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022366386","display_name":"Xiaopeng Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3820-5429"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaopeng Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100741316","display_name":"Ping Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1286-4546"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067521894","display_name":"Xinhong Hao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6448-4839"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinhong Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090879904","display_name":"Ke Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5951-1727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ke Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103193067"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7229,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94428286,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"12","first_page":"2062","last_page":"2066"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-invariant-feature-transform","display_name":"Scale-invariant feature transform","score":0.8516734838485718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7889448404312134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6480377316474915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.6403850317001343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6002252101898193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5434056520462036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5101964473724365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.497010737657547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-emitter","display_name":"Common emitter","score":0.4902268052101135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyramid","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","score":0.465143084526062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2299993634223938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1991519033908844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13293913006782532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.11608415842056274}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61265191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q767770","display_name":"Scale-invariant feature transform","level":3,"score":0.8516734838485718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7889448404312134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6480377316474915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.6403850317001343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6002252101898193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5434056520462036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5101964473724365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.497010737657547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46918542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648344","display_name":"Common emitter","level":2,"score":0.4902268052101135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142575187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358290","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.465143084526062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2299993634223938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1991519033908844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13293913006782532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.11608415842056274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2018.2819666","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2819666","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5187107153","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61673066","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1142155495","https://openalex.org/W2002245766","https://openalex.org/W2075176552","https://openalex.org/W2086229638","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2284339649","https://openalex.org/W2315338792","https://openalex.org/W2317978897","https://openalex.org/W2318109418","https://openalex.org/W2398374871","https://openalex.org/W2430471498","https://openalex.org/W2469820260","https://openalex.org/W2556407882","https://openalex.org/W2591398516","https://openalex.org/W2733173642","https://openalex.org/W2741761309","https://openalex.org/W2791361169","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6698770221","https://openalex.org/W6720254080"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3034955165","https://openalex.org/W2094920358","https://openalex.org/W2041448692","https://openalex.org/W2247121321","https://openalex.org/W2391926582","https://openalex.org/W2087391438","https://openalex.org/W1966831329","https://openalex.org/W2049930962","https://openalex.org/W2302528478","https://openalex.org/W2369082374"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,4,40,58,63,76,81,87,95,101,114,125,133,142],"complexity":[2],"of":[3,34,80,94,128],"battlefield":[5],"electromagnetic":[6],"environment":[7],"has":[8,11],"increased,":[9],"it":[10],"become":[12],"challenging":[13],"to":[14,56],"identify":[15],"radiation":[16,129],"sources":[17,130],"using":[18],"traditional":[19],"radar":[20,35,59],"emitter":[21,36,60],"identification":[22,127],"technology":[23],"in":[24,147],"low":[25],"signal-to-noise":[26],"ratio":[27],"(SNR)":[28],"environments.":[29],"We":[30],"propose":[31],"a":[32,71,118,148],"method":[33,51,144],"recognition":[37],"based":[38,99,112,131],"on":[39,100,113,132],"scale-invariant":[41],"feature":[42,108],"transform":[43],"(SIFT)":[44],"position":[45,92,135],"and":[46,62,86,91],"scale":[47,89,115],"features.":[48,116,136],"The":[49,105,137],"proposed":[50,143],"first":[52],"uses":[53],"time-frequency":[54,66],"analysis":[55],"analyze":[57],"signal,":[61],"obtained":[64],"3-D":[65],"image":[67,83,96],"is":[68,84,122],"normalized":[69],"into":[70],"2-D":[72],"gray":[73,82],"image.":[74],"Next,":[75],"Gaussian":[77,102],"difference":[78,103],"pyramid":[79],"established,":[85],"SIFT":[88,134],"features":[90,93],"are":[97,110],"extracted":[98,106],"pyramid.":[104],"noise":[107],"points":[109],"suppressed":[111],"Finally,":[117],"support":[119],"vector":[120],"machine":[121],"used":[123],"for":[124],"automatic":[126],"simulation":[138],"results":[139],"show":[140],"that":[141],"performs":[145],"well":[146],"low-SNR":[149],"environment.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}