{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2199874189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2015.2482467","title":"A 0.05- to 10-GHz, 19- to 22-GHz, and 38- to 44-GHz Frequency Synthesizer for Software-Defined Radios in 0.13- &lt;inline-formula&gt; &lt;tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\"&gt;$\\mu\\mbox{m}$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; CMOS Process","display_name":"A 0.05- to 10-GHz, 19- to 22-GHz, and 38- to 44-GHz Frequency Synthesizer for Software-Defined Radios in 0.13- &lt;inline-formula&gt; &lt;tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\"&gt;$\\mu\\mbox{m}$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; CMOS Process","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-09-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2199874189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2015.2482467","mag":"2199874189"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2015.2482467","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2015.2482467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113706022","display_name":"Sujiang Rong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087596","display_name":"Qualcomm (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/002zrf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sujiang Rong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qualcomm Technology Inc., San Diego, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm Technology Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006541988","display_name":"Jun Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4195-4551"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Macau (UM), Macau, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Macau (UM), Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017948476","display_name":"Howard C. Luong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1501-9313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Howard C. Luong","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113706022"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8029,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77192862,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":"1","first_page":"109","last_page":"113"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.6080516576766968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-synthesizer","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","score":0.5725892782211304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5582002401351929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dbc","display_name":"dBc","score":0.4851261079311371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-defined-radio","display_name":"Software-defined radio","score":0.47170281410217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.45560070872306824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4060624837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4053393304347992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.37344372272491455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.3390965163707733}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.6080516576766968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182099602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2660678","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","level":4,"score":0.5725892782211304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5582002401351929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193523891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1771950","display_name":"dBc","level":3,"score":0.4851261079311371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171115542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331892","display_name":"Software-defined radio","level":2,"score":0.47170281410217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.45560070872306824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4060624837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4053393304347992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.37344372272491455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.3390965163707733}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2015.2482467","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2015.2482467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-75830","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-75830","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998456226","https://openalex.org/W2021988103","https://openalex.org/W2027269652","https://openalex.org/W2037381402","https://openalex.org/W2046678941","https://openalex.org/W2098035347","https://openalex.org/W2112477472","https://openalex.org/W2137414433","https://openalex.org/W2140004654","https://openalex.org/W2141242995","https://openalex.org/W2142281354","https://openalex.org/W2151807985","https://openalex.org/W2152126312","https://openalex.org/W2157431264","https://openalex.org/W2165217017","https://openalex.org/W2165747841","https://openalex.org/W2167891824","https://openalex.org/W6655857118","https://openalex.org/W6684215463"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4286579627","https://openalex.org/W272184114","https://openalex.org/W2394282069","https://openalex.org/W2117747481","https://openalex.org/W2971609434","https://openalex.org/W2363681743","https://openalex.org/W2394106628","https://openalex.org/W2544336511","https://openalex.org/W2907464113","https://openalex.org/W1970259283"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"brief":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,54,62,92,96,147,153,187],"fully":[4],"integrated":[5],"frequency":[6,89],"synthesizer":[7,158],"for":[8,57,65,108],"software-defined":[9],"radios":[10],"covering":[11],"not":[12],"only":[13],"all":[14,76],"the":[15,36,72,77,105,109,137,141,157],"existing":[16],"wireless":[17,40],"standards":[18],"from":[19,79,186],"47":[20,80],"MHz":[21,81],"to":[22,74,82,103,134],"10":[23],"GHz":[24],"[including":[25],"14-band":[26],"multiband":[27],"orthogonal":[28],"frequency-division":[29],"modulation":[30],"(MB-OFDM)":[31],"ultrawideband":[32],"(UWB)]":[33],"but":[34],"also":[35],"gigabits":[37],"per":[38],"second":[39],"communication":[41],"around":[42],"60":[43],"GHz.":[44,84],"A":[45,85],"dual-band":[46],"quadrature":[47],"output":[48,149],"voltage-controlled":[49],"oscillatior":[50],"reconfigurable":[51],"as":[52,71],"either":[53],"one-port":[55],"oscillator":[56,64],"low":[58,66,120],"power":[59],"consumption":[60],"or":[61],"two-port":[63],"phase":[67,178],"noise":[68,179],"is":[69,132],"employed":[70],"core":[73],"generate":[75,104],"frequencies":[78,107],"6":[83],"multimode":[86],"x3/x5/x7":[87],"injection-locked":[88,143],"multiplier":[90],"and":[91,112,122,176],"single-sideband":[93],"mixer":[94],"with":[95,116,145],"tunable":[97],"transformer-based":[98],"narrow-band":[99],"load":[100],"are":[101],"proposed":[102,133],"carrier":[106],"14":[110],"MB-OFDM":[111],"impulse":[113],"UWB":[114],"bands":[115],"fast":[117],"settling":[118],"time,":[119],"power,":[121],"small":[123],"chip":[124],"area.":[125],"An":[126],"automatic":[127],"amplitude":[128],"calibration":[129],"(APC)":[130],"technique":[131],"greatly":[135],"increase":[136],"locking":[138],"range":[139],"of":[140,164,180],"subharmonic":[142],"oscillators":[144],"achieving":[146],"given":[148],"amplitude.":[150],"Implemented":[151],"in":[152,174],"0.13-\u03bcm":[154],"CMOS":[155],"process,":[156],"prototype":[159],"occupies":[160],"an":[161],"active":[162],"area":[163],"3":[165],"\u03bcm":[166],"<sup":[167],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[168],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[169],",":[170],"consumes":[171],"33-83":[172],"mW":[173],"total,":[175],"measures":[177],"-139.6":[181],"dBc/Hz":[182],"at":[183],"3-MHz":[184],"offset":[185],"1.7-GHz":[188],"carrier.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-15T08:11:43.952461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}