{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2111752868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2014.2387532","title":"Digital Background Calibration for Pipelined ADCs Based on Comparator Decision Time Quantization","display_name":"Digital Background Calibration for Pipelined ADCs Based on Comparator Decision Time Quantization","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2111752868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2014.2387532","mag":"2111752868"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2014.2387532","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2014.2387532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090687087","display_name":"Kareem Ragab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9171-8955"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kareem Ragab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","University of Texas at Austin#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Austin#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100336406","display_name":"Long Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5664-3967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","University of Texas at Austin#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Austin#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005496543","display_name":"Arindam Sanyal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4045-6291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arindam Sanyal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","University of Texas at Austin#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Austin#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070329670","display_name":"Nan Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5536-8385"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nan Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","Dept. of Electr. &, Comput. Eng., Univ. of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. &, Comput. Eng., Univ. of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090687087"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.7022,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95145151,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"5","first_page":"456","last_page":"460"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spurious-free-dynamic-range","display_name":"Spurious-free dynamic range","score":0.9433289170265198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparator","display_name":"Comparator","score":0.8553344011306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.6393566131591797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delta-sigma-modulation","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","score":0.6123775839805603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.5794075727462769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5762311220169067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5136289000511169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-range","display_name":"Dynamic range","score":0.48410332202911377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.44032636284828186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/successive-approximation-adc","display_name":"Successive approximation ADC","score":0.4348875880241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.3218270540237427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2698662579059601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18121010065078735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.16419240832328796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09368214011192322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119293636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657480","display_name":"Spurious-free dynamic range","level":3,"score":0.9433289170265198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155745195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1164179","display_name":"Comparator","level":3,"score":0.8553344011306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.6393566131591797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68754193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184820","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","level":3,"score":0.6123775839805603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.5794075727462769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5762311220169067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5136289000511169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87133666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161699","display_name":"Dynamic range","level":2,"score":0.48410332202911377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.44032636284828186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60154766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2650458","display_name":"Successive approximation ADC","level":4,"score":0.4348875880241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3218270540237427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2698662579059601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18121010065078735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.16419240832328796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09368214011192322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2014.2387532","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2014.2387532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7099999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2221715911","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ECCS-1254459","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968445722","https://openalex.org/W2007472976","https://openalex.org/W2058792612","https://openalex.org/W2068164598","https://openalex.org/W2076566235","https://openalex.org/W2101468035","https://openalex.org/W2106999185","https://openalex.org/W2120844337","https://openalex.org/W2144429965","https://openalex.org/W2154300649","https://openalex.org/W2155332436","https://openalex.org/W2159900105","https://openalex.org/W2167728023","https://openalex.org/W6669365258","https://openalex.org/W6678139478"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2904640696","https://openalex.org/W2752640128","https://openalex.org/W2278942241","https://openalex.org/W2128664218","https://openalex.org/W2568520569","https://openalex.org/W4206356469","https://openalex.org/W2345299457","https://openalex.org/W2942561789","https://openalex.org/W2418527074","https://openalex.org/W2997894768"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"brief":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,40,67],"digital":[4,49],"background":[5],"calibration":[6],"technique":[7,52,75],"that":[8,72],"embraces":[9],"comparator":[10,41],"decision":[11,42],"time":[12,43,103],"to":[13,94],"calibrate":[14],"interstage":[15],"gain":[16],"errors":[17],"and":[18,83,91,96],"capacitor":[19],"mismatches":[20],"in":[21],"pipelined":[22,69],"analog-to-digital":[23],"converters":[24],"(ADCs).":[25],"It":[26],"does":[27,53],"not":[28,54],"modify":[29],"the":[30,37,57,73,78,84],"original":[31],"analog":[32],"signal":[33,60],"path":[34],"except":[35],"for":[36,66],"addition":[38],"of":[39],"binary":[44],"quantizer":[45],"built":[46],"by":[47],"simple":[48],"gates.":[50],"The":[51,100],"limit":[55],"either":[56],"ADC":[58,70],"input":[59],"swing":[61],"or":[62],"bandwidth.":[63],"Simulation":[64],"results":[65],"12-bit":[68],"show":[71],"proposed":[74],"can":[76],"improve":[77],"signal-":[79],"to-noise-and-distortion":[80],"ratio":[81],"(SNDR)":[82],"spurious-free":[85],"dynamic":[86],"range":[87],"(SFDR)":[88],"from":[89],"44":[90],"48":[92],"dB":[93],"72":[95],"86":[97],"dB,":[98],"respectively.":[99],"SNDR":[101],"convergence":[102],"is":[104],"less":[105],"than":[106],"3":[107],"\u00d7":[108],"10":[109],"<sup":[110],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[111],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">6</sup>":[112],"cycles.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-05T09:29:38.588285","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
