{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2157301248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2014.2319972","title":"A 132-dB Dynamic-Range Global-Shutter Stacked Architecture for High-Performance Imagers","display_name":"A 132-dB Dynamic-Range Global-Shutter Stacked Architecture for High-Performance Imagers","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-04-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2157301248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2014.2319972","mag":"2157301248"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2014.2319972","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2014.2319972","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/451593","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040388641","display_name":"Adi Xhakoni","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Adi Xhakoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["ESAT-MICAS Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","Department of Electri-cal Engineering ESAT-MICAS, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESAT-MICAS Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electri-cal Engineering ESAT-MICAS, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029270525","display_name":"Georges Gielen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4061-9428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georges Gielen","raw_affiliation_strings":["ESAT-MICAS Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","Department of Electri-cal Engineering ESAT-MICAS, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESAT-MICAS Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electri-cal Engineering ESAT-MICAS, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040388641"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8373,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78296146,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"6","first_page":"398","last_page":"402"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subpixel-rendering","display_name":"Subpixel rendering","score":0.9666287302970886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shutter","display_name":"Shutter","score":0.7958749532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-range","display_name":"Dynamic range","score":0.676791787147522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.6691588163375854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6405818462371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame-rate","display_name":"Frame rate","score":0.6201052665710449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/settling-time","display_name":"Settling time","score":0.5379474759101868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.5030917525291443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rolling-shutter","display_name":"Rolling shutter","score":0.48584362864494324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.4734577536582947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitance","display_name":"Capacitance","score":0.4505222737789154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wide-dynamic-range","display_name":"Wide dynamic range","score":0.4321652054786682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/column","display_name":"Column (typography)","score":0.42206189036369324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.3820464313030243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.32876259088516235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.27960002422332764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.266768217086792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.2192331850528717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18683704733848572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.18116044998168945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17014804482460022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11553928256034851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/step-response","display_name":"Step response","score":0.0750109851360321}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68516990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q452912","display_name":"Subpixel rendering","level":3,"score":0.9666287302970886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776871301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691823","display_name":"Shutter","level":2,"score":0.7958749532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87133666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161699","display_name":"Dynamic range","level":2,"score":0.676791787147522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.6691588163375854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6405818462371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3261483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119565","display_name":"Frame rate","level":2,"score":0.6201052665710449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14781684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3983320","display_name":"Settling time","level":3,"score":0.5379474759101868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.5030917525291443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776166537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2164193","display_name":"Rolling shutter","level":3,"score":0.48584362864494324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4734577536582947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30066665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q164399","display_name":"Capacitance","level":3,"score":0.4505222737789154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776179129","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7998640","display_name":"Wide dynamic range","level":2,"score":0.4321652054786682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780551164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2306599","display_name":"Column (typography)","level":3,"score":0.42206189036369324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.3820464313030243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.32876259088516235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.27960002422332764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.266768217086792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2192331850528717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18683704733848572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.18116044998168945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17014804482460022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11553928256034851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160030872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142864","display_name":"Step response","level":2,"score":0.0750109851360321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcsii.2014.2319972","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2014.2319972","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93916849","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","issn_l":"1549-7747","issn":["1549-7747","1558-3791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/451593","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/451593","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems 2, Express Briefs, vol. 61 (6), Art.No. 6, (398-402)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/451593","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/451593","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems 2, Express Briefs, vol. 61 (6), Art.No. 6, (398-402)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1531458851","https://openalex.org/W1974197293","https://openalex.org/W1982710784","https://openalex.org/W2031533823","https://openalex.org/W2066994000","https://openalex.org/W2114697051","https://openalex.org/W2115721817","https://openalex.org/W2147107780","https://openalex.org/W2147283416","https://openalex.org/W2156447180","https://openalex.org/W2172254323","https://openalex.org/W4233584005","https://openalex.org/W6959284564"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2329776479","https://openalex.org/W2101028311","https://openalex.org/W2357032018","https://openalex.org/W1573874963","https://openalex.org/W2384422880","https://openalex.org/W2398170027","https://openalex.org/W1975186948","https://openalex.org/W2321108419","https://openalex.org/W1982710784","https://openalex.org/W2001773083"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"brief":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,10,20,28,66,106,111],"global-shutter":[4],"imager":[5],"readout":[6],"architecture":[7],"that":[8,115,131],"allows":[9],"dynamic":[11],"range":[12],"(DR)":[13],"of":[14,65,75,90,120],"more":[15,84],"than":[16,85],"132":[17],"dB":[18],"and":[19,40,137,144],"high":[21],"frame":[22],"rate.":[23],"It":[24],"is":[25],"based":[26],"on":[27],"stacked":[29],"technology":[30],"where":[31],"the":[32,36,41,45,51,56,73,76,81,91,101,117,121,132],"top":[33],"tier":[34,43],"contains":[35,44],"back-illuminated":[37],"pixel":[38],"array,":[39,48],"bottom":[42],"subpixel":[46,70,122],"logic":[47],"which":[49],"implements":[50],"dynamic-range":[52],"extension":[53],"by":[54,83],"selecting":[55],"best":[57],"integration":[58],"time":[59,119],"for":[60],"each":[61],"pixel.":[62],"Experimental":[63],"results":[64],"64":[67,69],"\u00d7":[68],"array":[71,95],"confirm":[72],"effectiveness":[74,99],"proposed":[77],"method":[78],"in":[79],"extending":[80],"DR":[82],"10":[86],"bits.":[87],"The":[88,127],"application":[89],"algorithm":[92],"to":[93],"higher":[94],"resolutions":[96],"compromises":[97],"its":[98,125],"given":[100],"increased":[102],"column":[103],"capacitance.":[104],"As":[105],"way":[107],"out,":[108],"we":[109],"propose":[110],"novel":[112],"source-follower-based":[113],"buffer":[114],"reduces":[116],"settling":[118],"without":[123],"increasing":[124],"size.":[126],"performed":[128],"analysis":[129],"shows":[130],"sensor":[133],"can":[134],"reach":[135],"1900":[136],"375":[138],"fps,":[139],"respectively,":[140],"at":[141,145],"full":[142],"HD":[143],"8-K":[146],"resolutions.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}